まあ、この問題はなぜ起こったのかよくわからないのですが、助けが必要です。
まず、私のコンピューターは Ubuntu バージョン 14.04.3 LTS を実行しており、現在のカーネル ( から取得したものuname -r) は 3.13.0-63-generic です。他に知りたいことがあれば教えてください。
私の問題は次のとおりです: apt-get または Synaptic を使用してパッケージをインストール/アンインストールしようとするたびに、これらのパッケージに関するエラーが発生します:
- linux-イメージ-3.13.0-65-ジェネリック
- linux-イメージ-3.13.0-65-低レイテンシー
- linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-ジェネリック
出力（たとえば、 を実行した場合sudo apt-get install 'package-name'）は次のようになります。
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
initrd.img(/boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
) points to /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
(/boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 491.
vmlinuz(/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
) points to /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
(/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 491.
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic:
linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic depends on linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic; however:
Package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic
linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
オンラインでいくつかの解決策を試しましたが、今のところどれも私の問題を解決していません。それらのいくつか（およびそれぞれの出力）は次のとおりです。
入力：sudo apt-get -f install
出力：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic:
linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic depends on linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic; however:
Package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic
linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
入力：sudo dpkg --configure -a
出力：
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
initrd.img(/boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
) points to /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
(/boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 491.
vmlinuz(/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
) points to /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
(/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 491.
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic:
linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic depends on linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic; however:
Package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic
linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic
他に必要な情報があれば、喜んでお伝えします。
誰かが助けてくれるなら、それは私にとって何よりもありがたいことです。マシンにパッケージをインストール/アンインストールできるようにする必要があるので、この問題をできるだけ早く解決する必要があります。
PS: 私は Ubuntu/Linux の専門家ではないことをご承知おきください。
編集：
以下は /etc/default/grub の内容です。
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
# info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
GRUB_DEFAULT="Windows Boot UEFI loader"
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT="0"
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET="true"
GRUB_TIMEOUT="60"
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""quiet splash intel_pstate=disable i915.lvds_downclock=1 drm.vblankoffdelay=1 i915.semaphores=1 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"
# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL="console"
# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE="640x480"
# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID="true"
# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"
GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT="false"
答え1
エラーメッセージのこの行
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
37 行目にエラーがあるようですが、37 行目はありません。したがって、最も可能性の高い説明は引用符のエラーです。では、質問から抜粋したこの行を見てみましょう。
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=「」静かなスプラッシュ intel_pstate=無効 i915.lvds_downclock=1 drm.vblankoffdelay=1 i915.semaphores=1 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1「
この行には二重引用符が 3 つあります。 二重引用符を 1 つ削除します。
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_pstate=disable i915.lvds_downclock=1 drm.vblankoffdelay=1 i915.semaphores=1 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1"
そして忘れてはいけないのが
sudo update-grub
ファイルを編集した後。
答え2
にエラーがあります/etc/default/grub。
この線
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""quiet splash intel_pstate=disable i915.lvds_downclock=1 drm.vblankoffdelay=1 i915.semaphores=1 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1"
である必要があります
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_pstate=disable i915.lvds_downclock=1 drm.vblankoffdelay=1 i915.semaphores=1 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1"
最初のものは意味エラーを生じます。