新しいサーバーで更新とアップグレードを実行しようとしていますが、2 つのパッケージでエラーが発生します。
具体的には：
~ # apt update && apt -y upgrade && apt -y install curl wget sudo
Hit:1 http://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages jammy InRelease
Hit:2 http://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages jammy-backports InRelease
Hit:4 http://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages jammy-security InRelease
Hit:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Hit:6 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Get:7 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [114 kB]
Get:8 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease [99.8 kB]
Fetched 214 kB in 0s (442 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
#
# News about significant security updates, features and services will
# appear here to raise awareness and perhaps tease /r/Linux ;)
# Use 'pro config set apt_news=false' to hide this and future APT news.
#
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up grub-efi-amd64-signed (1.182~22.04.1+2.06-2ubuntu10) ...
mount: /var/lib/grub/esp: special device /dev/sda15 does not exist.
dpkg: error processing package grub-efi-amd64-signed (--configure):
installed grub-efi-amd64-signed package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 32
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of shim-signed:
shim-signed depends on grub-efi-amd64-signed | grub-efi-arm64-signed; however:
Package grub-efi-amd64-signed is not configured yet.
Package grub-efi-arm64-signed is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package shim-signed (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
grub-efi-amd64-signed
shim-signed
needrestart is being skipped since dpkg has failed
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
ここでも Stack Exchange でも、以下を実行することを提案するいくつかの解決策が見つかりました。
sudo apt-get purge grub\*
sudo apt-get install grub-efi
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo update-grub
しかし、最初の行だけを実行すると、次のようになります。
~ # sudo apt-get purge grub\*
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'grub-rescue-pc' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-xen' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub2' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-splashimages' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grubzfs-testsuite' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-coreboot' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-legacy-doc' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-legacy-ec2' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-emu-dbg' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-pc-bin' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-pc-dbg' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-gfxpayload-lists' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-xen-host' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub2-themes-ubuntustudio' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-ieee1275-bin' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-cloud-amd64' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-ieee1275-dbg' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-imageboot' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-arm64' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-amd64' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-arm' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-yeeloong' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-ipxe' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-firmware-qemu' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-amd64-signed' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-coreboot-bin' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-arm64-signed' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-coreboot-dbg' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-theme-starfield' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-amd64-bin' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub2-common' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-legacy' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-amd64-signed-template' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-amd64-dbg' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-ieee1275' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-uboot' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-common' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub2-splashimages' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-ia32-bin' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-ia32-dbg' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub2-themes-ubuntu-mate' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-invaders' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-linuxbios' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-xen-bin' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-ia32' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi-ia64' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-xen-dbg' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-pc' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-doc' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-efi' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-emu' for glob 'grub*'
Note, selecting 'grub-theme-breeze' for glob 'grub*'
Package 'grub-efi-ia64' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-yeeloong' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-legacy' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-legacy-doc' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-cloud-amd64' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-doc' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-efi-arm' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-efi-arm64' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-uboot' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-efi-arm64-signed' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-efi' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-efi-ia32' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-efi-ia32-bin' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-efi-ia32-dbg' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-ieee1275' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-ieee1275-bin' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-ieee1275-dbg' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-ipxe' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-legacy-ec2' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-pc-dbg' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-xen' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-xen-bin' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-xen-dbg' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-coreboot' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-coreboot-bin' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-coreboot-dbg' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-efi-amd64-signed-template' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-emu' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-emu-dbg' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-firmware-qemu' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-imageboot' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-invaders' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-linuxbios' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-rescue-pc' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-splashimages' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-theme-breeze' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-theme-starfield' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-xen-host' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub2' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub2-splashimages' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub2-themes-ubuntu-mate' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub2-themes-ubuntustudio' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grubzfs-testsuite' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'grub-efi-amd64-dbg' is not installed, so not removed
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
shim-signed : Depends: grub-efi-amd64-signed but it is not going to be installed or
grub-efi-arm64-signed but it is not installable
Depends: grub2-common (>= 2.04-1ubuntu24) but it is not going to be installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
残りのコマンドも実行してみましたが、何も変わりませんでした。この厄介なエラーに悩まされています。
grub を削除して再インストールできるように、shim-signed を削除しようとしました:
~ # apt remove grub-efi-amd64-signed shim-signed -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
grub-efi-amd64-signed shim-signed
WARNING: The following essential packages will be removed.
This should NOT be done unless you know exactly what you are doing!
shim-signed grub-efi-amd64-signed (due to shim-signed)
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 8,603 kB disk space will be freed.
E: Removing essential system-critical packages is not permitted. This might break the system.
dpkg を設定しようとしました:
~ # sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up grub-efi-amd64-signed (1.182~22.04.1+2.06-2ubuntu10) ...
mount: /var/lib/grub/esp: special device /dev/sda15 does not exist.
dpkg: error processing package grub-efi-amd64-signed (--configure):
installed grub-efi-amd64-signed package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 32
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of shim-signed:
shim-signed depends on grub-efi-amd64-signed | grub-efi-arm64-signed; however:
Package grub-efi-amd64-signed is not configured yet.
Package grub-efi-arm64-signed is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package shim-signed (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
grub-efi-amd64-signed
shim-signed
これらはすべて、Hetzner でホストされているベアメタル サーバー上に存在します。
更新: @Organic Marble が協力を申し出て (ありがとう)、SSD の EFI フラグを尋ねました。提案に従って、parted -l
次のものを使用しました。結果は次のとおりです。
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 512GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 34.4GB 34.4GB primary raid
2 34.4GB 35.4GB 1074MB primary raid
3 35.4GB 512GB 477GB primary raid
Model: Linux Software RAID Array (md)
Disk /dev/md2: 477GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 477GB 477GB ext4
Model: Linux Software RAID Array (md)
Disk /dev/md0: 34.3GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 34.3GB 34.3GB linux-swap(v1)
Model: SAMSUNG MZVL2512HCJQ-00B00 (nvme)
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 512GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 34.4GB 34.4GB primary raid
2 34.4GB 35.4GB 1074MB primary raid
3 35.4GB 512GB 477GB primary raid
Model: Linux Software RAID Array (md)
Disk /dev/md1: 1072MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 1072MB 1072MB ext3
答え1
Hetzner でホストされているベアメタル サーバーでも同じ問題が発生しました。
私のサーバー設定はカスタムです（2つのSSDを追加しました）
私のパーティション設定もカスタムです。LVM を使用してすべてのドライブの容量を結合しました。
私の解決策は、/var/cache/debconf/config.dat を手動で編集し、ファイル内で使用できなくなった古いパーティション名がキャッシュされている場所を見つけて、各ブロックを削除することでした。(空白行で区切られた段落全体を削除)
削除したブロックのリスト:
Name: grub-efi/install_devices
Template: grub-efi/install_devices
Value: /dev/sda15
Owners: grub-common, grub-efi-amd64, grub-pc
Flags: seen
Variables:
CHOICES = /dev/sda2 (268 MB; /boot/efi) on 4194 MB QEMU_HARDDISK
RAW_CHOICES = /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0QEMU_QEMU_HARDDISK_drive0-part2
Name: grub-efi/install_devices_disks_changed
Template: grub-efi/install_devices_disks_changed
Value: /dev/sda15
Owners: grub-common, grub-efi-amd64
Flags: seen
Variables:
CHOICES =
RAW_CHOICES =
Name: grub-efi/partition_description
Template: grub-efi/partition_description
Owners: grub-common, grub-efi-amd64
Variables:
DEVICE = /dev/sda2
DISK_MODEL = QEMU_HARDDISK
DISK_SIZE = 4194
PATH = /boot/efi
SIZE = 268
次に、次のコマンドを実行しました (GRUB セットアップなしで続行する場合は、確認で [はい] を選択します)
sudo apt install -f
そして最後に：
update-grub
これで問題は解決しました。Hetzner インストーラー スクリプトと、インストール中に作成されるキャッシュ、およびインストール後に私が追加した論理ドライブ マッピングの変更に関連しているようです。