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巨大な木をページに収める

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巨大な木をページに収める

この膨大な樹木のコレクションを、ページ番号が見えにくくならずに 1 ページに収めることができません。どなたか助けていただけませんか?

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}   
\usepackage{tikz-qtree}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree-compat}
\usepackage{ulem}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\Tree [.S  [.DP [.D some ] [.N woman ] ] [.VP  [.V hugs ] [.DP [.D every ] [.N man ] ]]]
\end{tikzpicture}




 \rotatebox{90}{\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(current bounding box.center), scale= 0.9]
\Tree [.S  [.DP [.D some ] [.N woman ] ] [.VP  [.V hugs ] [.DP [.D every ] [.N man ] ]]]
\end{tikzpicture} {\Huge$\Rightarrow$}
 \begin{tikzpicture} [baseline=(current bounding box.center),  scale=.45]   
    \Tree [.{\formula{\exists y [woman' (y) \land [\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow hug'(y, x)]]: (t} \hspace{0.1cm}}  [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \exists y [woman' (y) \land Q(x)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \exists y [woman' (y) \land Q(x)] : (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda z. woman(z)$: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [.  \node (ne) {e$_{2}$}; ] [.{\formula{\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow saw'(j, x)] : t_{1} }} [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow Q(x)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \forall (x) [P(x) \rightarrow Q(x)]: (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda$ x. x is a man: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [. \node (ue) {e$_{3}$}; ] [.{\formula{saw(k,m): (t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [.\node [circle,draw] (me) {k : e$_{2}$} ;] [.{\formula{\lambda x. saw(x,m): (e_{2}  \rightarrow t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [. {\formula{\lambda y\lambda x. saw(x,y): (e_{3} \rightarrow (e_{2}  \rightarrow  t_{1})} } ] [. \node [circle,draw] (le) {m : e$_{3}$} ; ]  ]  ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 
\draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (le)..controls +(south west:5) and +(south:5) .. (ue); 
\draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (me)..controls +(south west:7) and +(south:7) .. (ne);
\begin{scope}[xshift=-0.5cm,yshift=-10cm]
      \Tree [.{\formula{\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow[\exists y [woman' (y) \rightarrow hug'(y, x)]]: (t} \hspace{0.1cm}}  [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow Q(x)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \forall x [P(x) \rightarrow Q(x)] : (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda z. woman(z)$: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [.  \node (ne) {e$_{2}$}; ] [.{\formula{\exists x [woman' (y) \land saw'(j, y)] : t_{1} }} [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \exists (y) [woman'(y) \land Q(y)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \exists (y) [P(y) \land Q(y)]: (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda$ x. x is a man: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [. \node (ue) {e$_{3}$}; ] [.{\formula{saw(k,m): (t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [.\node [circle,draw] (le) {k : e$_{2}$} ;] [.{\formula{\lambda x. saw(x,m): (e_{2}  \rightarrow t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [. {\formula{\lambda y\lambda x. saw(x,y): (e_{3} \rightarrow (e_{2}  \rightarrow  t_{1})} } ] [. \node [circle,draw] (me) {m : e$_{3}$} ; ]  ]  ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 
\draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (le)..controls +(south west:2) and +(south:2) .. (ue); 
\draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (me)..controls +(south west:7) and +(south:7) .. (ne);
      \end{scope}

    \end{tikzpicture} }
\end{document}

答え1

まあ、そうすることもできますが、読者は感謝しないでしょう! 情報を提示する方法 (または A3 に印刷する方法) を再考したほうがよいでしょう。

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree-compat}
\newcommand\formula[1]{\ensuremath{#1}}
\usepackage{ulem}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\Tree [.S  [.DP [.D some ] [.N woman ] ] [.VP  [.V hugs ] [.DP [.D every ] [.N man ] ]]]
\end{tikzpicture}


\rotatebox{90}{%
\resizebox{\textheight}{!}{%
 \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(current bounding box.center)]
\Tree [.S  [.DP [.D some ] [.N woman ] ] [.VP  [.V hugs ] [.DP [.D every ] [.N man ] ]]]
\end{tikzpicture} {\Huge$\Rightarrow$}
 \begin{tikzpicture} [baseline=(current bounding box.center),  scale=.5]
    \Tree [.{\formula{\exists y [woman' (y) \land [\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow hug'(y, x)]]: (t} \hspace{0.1cm}}  [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \exists y [woman' (y) \land Q(x)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \exists y [woman' (y) \land Q(x)] : (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda z. woman(z)$: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [.  \node (ne) {e$_{2}$}; ] [.{\formula{\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow saw'(j, x)] : t_{1} }} [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow Q(x)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \forall (x) [P(x) \rightarrow Q(x)]: (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda$ x. x is a man: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [. \node (ue) {e$_{3}$}; ] [.{\formula{saw(k,m): (t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [.\node [circle,draw] (me) {k : e$_{2}$} ;] [.{\formula{\lambda x. saw(x,m): (e_{2}  \rightarrow t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [. {\formula{\lambda y\lambda x. saw(x,y): (e_{3} \rightarrow (e_{2}  \rightarrow  t_{1})} } ] [. \node [circle,draw] (le) {m : e$_{3}$} ; ]  ]  ] ] ] ] ] ] ]
\draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (le)..controls +(south west:5) and +(south:5) .. (ue);
\draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (me)..controls +(south west:7) and +(south:7) .. (ne);
\begin{scope}[xshift=-0.5cm,yshift=-10cm]
      \Tree [.{\formula{\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow[\exists y [woman' (y) \rightarrow hug'(y, x)]]: (t} \hspace{0.1cm}}  [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow Q(x)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \forall x [P(x) \rightarrow Q(x)] : (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda z. woman(z)$: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [.  \node (ne) {e$_{2}$}; ] [.{\formula{\exists x [woman' (y) \land saw'(j, y)] : t_{1} }} [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \exists (y) [woman'(y) \land Q(y)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \exists (y) [P(y) \land Q(y)]: (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda$ x. x is a man: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [. \node (ue) {e$_{3}$}; ] [.{\formula{saw(k,m): (t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [.\node [circle,draw] (le) {k : e$_{2}$} ;] [.{\formula{\lambda x. saw(x,m): (e_{2}  \rightarrow t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [. {\formula{\lambda y\lambda x. saw(x,y): (e_{3} \rightarrow (e_{2}  \rightarrow  t_{1})} } ] [. \node [circle,draw] (me) {m : e$_{3}$} ; ]  ]  ] ] ] ] ] ] ]
\draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (le)..controls +(south west:2) and +(south:2) .. (ue);
\draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (me)..controls +(south west:7) and +(south:7) .. (ne);
      \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}}}
\end{document}

押しつぶされた木

最初のツリーを同じページに表示したい場合は、これを試すこともできますが、これも読者にとっては簡単ではありません。

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree-compat}
\newcommand\formula[1]{\ensuremath{#1}}
\usepackage{ulem}

\begin{document}
\rotatebox{90}{%
  \begin{minipage}{\textheight}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \Tree [.S  [.DP [.D some ] [.N woman ] ] [.VP  [.V hugs ] [.DP [.D every ] [.N man ] ]]]
  \end{tikzpicture}

  \resizebox{\textheight}{!}{%
    \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(current bounding box.center)]
      \Tree [.S  [.DP [.D some ] [.N woman ] ] [.VP  [.V hugs ] [.DP [.D every ] [.N man ] ]]]
    \end{tikzpicture} {\Huge$\Rightarrow$}
    \begin{tikzpicture} [baseline=(current bounding box.center),  scale=.5]
      \Tree [.{\formula{\exists y [woman' (y) \land [\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow hug'(y, x)]]: (t} \hspace{0.1cm}}  [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \exists y [woman' (y) \land Q(x)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \exists y [woman' (y) \land Q(x)] : (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda z. woman(z)$: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [.  \node (ne) {e$_{2}$}; ] [.{\formula{\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow saw'(j, x)] : t_{1} }} [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow Q(x)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \forall (x) [P(x) \rightarrow Q(x)]: (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda$ x. x is a man: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [. \node (ue) {e$_{3}$}; ] [.{\formula{saw(k,m): (t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [.\node [circle,draw] (me) {k : e$_{2}$} ;] [.{\formula{\lambda x. saw(x,m): (e_{2}  \rightarrow t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [. {\formula{\lambda y\lambda x. saw(x,y): (e_{3} \rightarrow (e_{2}  \rightarrow  t_{1})} } ] [. \node [circle,draw] (le) {m : e$_{3}$} ; ]  ]  ] ] ] ] ] ] ]
      \draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (le)..controls +(south west:5) and +(south:5) .. (ue);
      \draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (me)..controls +(south west:7) and +(south:7) .. (ne);
      \begin{scope}[xshift=-0.5cm,yshift=-10cm]
        \Tree [.{\formula{\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow[\exists y [woman' (y) \rightarrow hug'(y, x)]]: (t} \hspace{0.1cm}}  [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow Q(x)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \forall x [P(x) \rightarrow Q(x)] : (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda z. woman(z)$: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [.  \node (ne) {e$_{2}$}; ] [.{\formula{\exists x [woman' (y) \land saw'(j, y)] : t_{1} }} [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \exists (y) [woman'(y) \land Q(y)]: (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \exists (y) [P(y) \land Q(y)]: (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda$ x. x is a man: \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [. \node (ue) {e$_{3}$}; ] [.{\formula{saw(k,m): (t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [.\node [circle,draw] (le) {k : e$_{2}$} ;] [.{\formula{\lambda x. saw(x,m): (e_{2}  \rightarrow t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [. {\formula{\lambda y\lambda x. saw(x,y): (e_{3} \rightarrow (e_{2}  \rightarrow  t_{1})} } ] [. \node [circle,draw] (me) {m : e$_{3}$} ; ]  ]  ] ] ] ] ] ] ]
        \draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (le)..controls +(south west:2) and +(south:2) .. (ue);
        \draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (me)..controls +(south west:7) and +(south:7) .. (ne);
      \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}}
\end{minipage}}
\end{document}

オールインワン

木を中央に配置したい場合は\centering以下を追加します:\minipage

中心に

異なるスケーリングには何らかの意味があると考え、回転したボックス内で相対的なスケーリングを一定に保ちました。ただし、結果は明らかに少し奇妙に見えます...

答え2

cfr さんの意見に同意します。1 ページにどのくらいの情報を入れるか、特に矢印の前に複製される一番上のツリーが本当に必要かどうかを再考したほうがよいかもしれません。

私が行ったスペース節約の変更は次のとおりです。これらはすべて互いに独立しているので、必要に応じて調整できますが、改行が最も大きな違いを生むことがわかると思います。

  • ツリー ノード内での改行。セマンティック ツリーでは、コロンで行を分割しました。ノード内で行を分割できるようにするには、 が必要です。また、行を分割した後にブランチが平坦になりすぎたり反転したりしないように をevery tree node/.style={align=center,anchor=north}調整しました。level distance
  • 余白。パッケージを使用して、すべての余白を 2.5 cm に縮小しましたgeometry。
  • スケーリング。私はによって提供され、 によってロードされる の\scaleboxコマンドを使用しました。のオプションよりもうまく機能することがわかりました。graphicxtikzscaletikz

ここに画像の説明を入力してください

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree-compat}
\newcommand\formula[1]{\ensuremath{#1}}
\usepackage{ulem}
\usepackage[margin=2.5cm]{geometry}

\begin{document}

  \scalebox{.7}{
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \Tree [.S  [.DP [.D some ] [.N woman ] ] [.VP  [.V hugs ] [.DP [.D every ] [.N man ] ]]]
  \end{tikzpicture}
  }

  \rotatebox{90}{%
    \scalebox{.6}{
    \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(current bounding box.center)]
      \Tree [.S  [.DP [.D some ] [.N woman ] ] [.VP  [.V hugs ] [.DP [.D every ] [.N man ] ]]]
    \end{tikzpicture} {\Huge$\Rightarrow$}
    }
    \scalebox{.6}{
    \begin{tikzpicture} [baseline=(current bounding box.center), every tree node/.style={align=center,anchor=north}, level distance = 9ex]
      \Tree [.{\formula{\exists y [woman' (y) \land [\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow hug'(y, x)]]:}\\\formula{(t} \hspace{0.1cm}}  [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \exists y [woman' (y) \land Q(x)]:}\\ \formula{(\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \exists y [woman' (y) \land Q(x)] :}\\ \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda z. woman(z)$:\\ \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):}\\\formula{(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [.  \node (ne) {e$_{2}$}; ] [.{\formula{\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow saw'(j, x)] :}\\\formula{t_{1} }} [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow Q(x)]:}\\ \formula{(\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \forall (x) [P(x) \rightarrow Q(x)]:}\\\formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda$ x. x is a man:\\ \formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):}\\\formula{(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [. \node (ue) {e$_{3}$}; ] [.{\formula{saw(k,m):}\\\formula{(t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [.\node [circle,draw] (me) {k : e$_{2}$} ;] [.{\formula{\lambda x. saw(x,m):}\\\formula{ (e_{2}  \rightarrow t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [. {\formula{\lambda y\lambda x. saw(x,y):}\\\formula{ (e_{3} \rightarrow (e_{2}  \rightarrow  t_{1})} } ] [. \node [circle,draw] (le) {m : e$_{3}$} ; ]  ]  ] ] ] ] ] ] ]
      \draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (le.south west)..controls +(south west:4) and +(south:5) .. (ue);
      \draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (me.south west)..controls +(-10,-3) and +(south:7) .. (ne);
      \begin{scope}[xshift=-0.5cm,yshift=-12cm]
        \Tree [.{\formula{\forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow[\exists y [woman' (y) \rightarrow hug'(y, x)]]:}\\\formula{ (t} \hspace{0.1cm}}  [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \forall x [man' (x) \rightarrow Q(x)]:}\\\formula{ (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \forall x [P(x) \rightarrow Q(x)] :}\\\formula{ (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda z. woman(z)$:\\\formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):}\\\formula{(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [.  \node (ne) {e$_{2}$}; ] [.{\formula{\exists x [woman' (y) \land saw'(j, y)] :}\\\formula{ t_{1} }} [.{\formula{\lambda Q. \exists (y) [woman'(y) \land Q(y)]:}\\\formula{ (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))} \hspace{0.1cm}} [. { \formula{\lambda P. \lambda Q. \exists (y) [P(y) \land Q(y)]:}\\\formula{ (e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})\rightarrow (\forall X(e_{3} \rightarrow X) \rightarrow X))}}   ] [.{$\lambda$ x. x is a man:\\\formula{(e_{4} \rightarrow t_{1})}}   ] ] [.{\formula{\lambda m. saw(k,m):}\\\formula{(e_{3} \rightarrow t_{1})} } [. \node (ue) {e$_{3}$}; ] [.{\formula{saw(k,m):}\\\formula{ (t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [.\node [circle,draw] (le) {k : e$_{2}$} ;] [.{\formula{\lambda x. saw(x,m):}\\\formula{ (e_{2}  \rightarrow t_{1}) \hspace{0.1cm}  }} [. {\formula{\lambda y\lambda x. saw(x,y):}\\\formula{ (e_{3} \rightarrow (e_{2}  \rightarrow  t_{1})} } ] [. \node [circle,draw] (me) {m : e$_{3}$} ; ]  ]  ] ] ] ] ] ] ]
        \draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (le.west)..controls +(west:1) and +(south:1) .. (ue);
        \draw[semithick, dashed, ->] (me.south west)..controls +(-12,-3) and +(south:8) .. (ne);
      \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}}}

\end{document}

関連情報