tikz を使用した複雑な 3D 描画

tikz を使用した複雑な 3D 描画

私はすでに を使って次の図を作成しましたTikZここに画像の説明を入力してください それを実現するために、私は見つけた数独の例を修正しましたここ次のように:

\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows}

\begin{document}

\fontsize{5}{6}

\begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth,every node/.style={minimum size=1cm},on grid]

\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=-0.5},yslant=-0.5]
  \shade[right color=gray!10, left color=black!50] (0,0) rectangle +(3,3);
\end{scope}

\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=0.5},yslant=0.5]
  \shade[right color=gray!70,left color=gray!10] (3,-3) rectangle +(3,3);
\end{scope}

\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=0.5,xslant=-1},yslant=0.5,xslant=-1]
  \shade[bottom color=gray!10, top color=black!50] (6,3) rectangle +(-3,-3);
\end{scope}

\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=-0.5},yslant=-0.5]
  \foreach \i in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  \foreach \j in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \foreach \i in {0,3}
  \foreach \j in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \foreach \i in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  \foreach \j in {0,3}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \foreach \i in {0,1,...,3}
  \foreach \j in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \draw (0,0) grid (3,3);
\end{scope}

\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=0.5},yslant=0.5]  
  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {-2.5,-1.5,...,-.5}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \foreach \i in {3,6}
  \foreach \j in {-2.5,-1.5,...,-.5}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {-3,0}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \draw (3,-3) grid (6,0);
\end{scope}

\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=0.5,xslant=-1},yslant=0.5,xslant=-1]  
  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {0.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \foreach \i in {3,6}
  \foreach \j in {0.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {0,3}
  {
  \node at (\i,\j) {$+$};
  }

  \draw (3,0) grid (6,3);
\end{scope}

\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=-0.5},yslant=-0.5]
  \foreach \i in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  \foreach \j in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \draw[<-] (\i,\j) -- +(-.2,-.2);
  }

  \foreach \i in {0,3}
  \foreach \j in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \draw[red,<-] (\i,\j) -- +(-.2,-.2);
  }

  \foreach \i in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  \foreach \j in {0,3}
  {
  \draw[red,<-] (\i,\j) -- +(-.2,-.2);
  }

  \foreach \i in {0,1,...,3}
  \foreach \j in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(.2,0);
  }

  \foreach \i in {.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  \foreach \j in {0,1,...,3}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(0,.2);
  }  
\end{scope}

\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=0.5},yslant=0.5]  
  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {-2.5,-1.5,...,-.5}
  {
  \draw[->] (\i,\j) -- +(.2,-.2);
  }

  \foreach \i in {3,6}
  \foreach \j in {-2.5,-1.5,...,-.5}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(.2,-.2);
  }

  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {-3,0}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(.2,-.2);
  }

  \foreach \i in {3,4,...,6}
  \foreach \j in {-2.5,-1.5,...,-.5}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(.2,0);
  }

  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {-3,-2,...,0}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(0,.2);
  }  
\end{scope}

\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=0.5,xslant=-1},yslant=0.5,xslant=-1]  
  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {0.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \draw[->] (\i,\j) -- +(.2,.2);
  }

  \foreach \i in {3,6}
  \foreach \j in {0.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(.2,.2);
  }

  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {0,3}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(.2,.2);
  }

  \foreach \i in {3,4,...,6}
  \foreach \j in {0.5,1.5,...,2.5}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(.2,0);
  }

  \foreach \i in {3.5,4.5,...,5.5}
  \foreach \j in {0,1,...,3}
  {
  \draw[red,->] (\i,\j) -- +(0,-.2);
  }
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

レイヤーが互いに正しくオーバーレイされるようにするには、scope同じ環境を複数使用する必要がありました。yslantslant

それでも、ビューを簡単に変更できなかったため、画像にはあまり満足していません。TikZ (または、より一般的には LaTeX) でこのような画像を描くより効果的な方法はありますか? このような画像には凡例、ラベル、その他のテキストを挿入する必要があるため、TikZ を使用したいと思います (MATLAB などの外部プログラムで画像を作成するのではなく)。さらに、がpgfplots答えだと思いますが、確信はありません。

編集:完全な答えは、完全に理解している人から得られると思いますこの答え@Tom Bombadil による。

答え1

これまでのところ、pgfplots を使用して次のようなものを描画できました。

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.12}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
   \begin{axis}[
       xmin=0,
       xmax=1,
       ymin=0,
       ymax=1,
       zmin=0,
       zmax=1,
       axis equal,
       ticks=none,
       hide axis,
     ]
%lower face, drawn first as it will be hidden
     \addplot3[black,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0.1,
       -{stealth[]},
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
     ]{0};
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0.1,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0,
       -stealth,
       samples=4,
       domain y=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=3,
       domain=0:1,
     ]{0};
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=-0.1,
       quiver/w=0,
       stealth-,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=4,
       domain y=0:1,
     ]{0};
%hidden right face, drawn first as it will be hidden
     \addplot3[black,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0.1,
       -{stealth[]},
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
     ](x,1,y);
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0.1,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0,
       -stealth,
       samples=4,
       domain y=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=3,
       domain=0:1,
     ](x,1,y);
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0.1,
       -stealth,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=4,
       domain y=0:1,
     ](x,1,y);
%hidden left face, drawn first as it will be hidden
     \addplot3[black,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0.1,
       -{stealth[]},
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
     ](0,x,y);
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=-0.1,
       quiver/w=0,
       stealth-,
       samples=4,
       domain y=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=3,
       domain=0:1,
     ](0,x,y);
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0.1,
       -stealth,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=4,
       domain y=0:1,
     ](0,x,y);
      % faces
     \addplot3[surf,
       color=black!40,
       faceted color=black!80,
     domain=0:1,
   domain y=0:1,
   samples=4,
   samples y=4,
 ]
     (x,0,y);
     \addplot3[surf,
       color=black!40,
       faceted color=black!80,
     domain=0:1,
   domain y=0:1,
   samples=4,
   samples y=4,
 ]
     {1};
     \addplot3[surf,
       color=black!40,
       faceted color=black!80,
     domain=0:1,
   domain y=0:1,
   samples=4,
   samples y=4,
 ]
     (1,x,y);
     %upper face
     \addplot3[black,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0.1,
       -{stealth[]},
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
     ]{1};
    \addplot3[mark=x,
      only marks,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
     ]{1};
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0.1,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0,
       -stealth,
       samples=4,
       domain y=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=3,
       domain=0:1,
     ]{1};
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0.1,
       quiver/w=0,
       -stealth,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=4,
       domain y=0:1,
     ]{1};
     %left face
    \addplot3[black,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=-0.1,
       quiver/w=0,
       {stealth[]}-,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
     ](x,0,y);
    \addplot3[mark=x,
      only marks,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
     ](x,0,y);
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0.1,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0,
       -stealth,
       samples=4,
       domain y=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=3,
       domain=0:1,
     ](x,0,y); 
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0.1,
       -stealth,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=4,
       domain y=0:1,
     ](x,0,y);
   %right face
    \addplot3[black,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0.1,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0,
       -{stealth[]},
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
     ](1,x,y);
    \addplot3[mark=x,
      only marks,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
     ](1,x,y);
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0.1,
       quiver/w=0,
       -stealth,
       samples=4,
       domain y=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=3,
       domain=0:1,
     ](1,x,y); 
     \addplot3[red,/pgfplots/quiver,
       quiver/u=0,
       quiver/v=0,
       quiver/w=0.1,
       -stealth,
       samples=3,
       domain=0.16666:0.8333,
       samples y=4,
       domain y=0:1,
     ](1,x,y);
 \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

次の図が導き出されます。

ここに画像の説明を入力してください

まだいくつか違いはありますが(マーカーが揃っていない、陰影がない)、対処可能です。もっと複雑なのは、混乱しているコードを最適化することです^^

そして、顔がきちんと整列して隠れるように、顔の順序を管理する方法がわかりません。

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