Ich habe einen FM2+ AMD A10-7700K APU-Build.
4 physische RAM-Steckplätze mit jeweils 4 GB belegt; insgesamt 16 GB
2 SSD-Laufwerke; 120 GB (mit Betriebssystem) und 256 GB Daten
Ich verwende den Cinnamon Mint-Desktop seit mehreren Jahren auf dieser Maschine.
Ich habe gerade das 120-GB-Laufwerk mit dem Betriebssystem durch ein neues Gerät ersetzt.
Ich habe Mint 19 neu installiert; Standard normal.
Jetzt sehe ich nur, dass das System 6,9 GB meines 16 GB RAM verwendet;
d. h. über das Terminal htop/top oder den Desktop-Systemmonitor sehe ich 6,9 GB
Seltsamerweise...
lshwgibt 6909MiB zurück
während sudo lshw16 GiB zurückgegeben werden
Wie kann ich das beheben, damit ich wieder den gesamten RAM nutzen kann?
Hier sind die entsprechenden Diagnosen:
oracle@oracle:~$ lshw -C memory
WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
*-memory
description: System memory
physical id: 0
size: 6909MiB
WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user.
oracle@oracle:~$ sudo lshw -C memory
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 24
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 16GiB
*-bank:0
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 1600 MHz (0.6 ns)
product: BLS4G3D18ADS3.16FE
vendor: Undefined
physical id: 0
serial: 5951031B
slot: DIMM_A1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1600MHz (0.6ns)
*-bank:1
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 1866 MHz (0.5 ns)
product: BLS4G3D18ADS3.16FE
vendor: Undefined
physical id: 1
serial: 5951034A
slot: DIMM_A2
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1866MHz (0.5ns)
*-bank:2
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 1600 MHz (0.6 ns)
product: BLS4G3D1609DS1S00.
vendor: Undefined
physical id: 2
serial: AD0195EA
slot: DIMM_B1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1600MHz (0.6ns)
*-bank:3
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 1866 MHz (0.5 ns)
product: BLS4G3D1609DS1S00.
vendor: Undefined
physical id: 3
serial: A015A6F5
slot: DIMM_B2
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1866MHz (0.5ns)
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 32
slot: L1 CACHE
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 33
slot: L2 CACHE
size: 4MiB
capacity: 4MiB
clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
configuration: level=2
oracle@oracle:~$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 7075532 kB
MemFree: 1287176 kB
MemAvailable: 3876744 kB
Buffers: 132812 kB
Cached: 2756456 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 2950656 kB
Inactive: 2380020 kB
Active(anon): 2397828 kB
Inactive(anon): 205576 kB
Active(file): 552828 kB
Inactive(file): 2174444 kB
Unevictable: 48 kB
Mlocked: 48 kB
SwapTotal: 7519228 kB
SwapFree: 7519228 kB
Dirty: 640 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 2441496 kB
Mapped: 554940 kB
Shmem: 228476 kB
Slab: 219512 kB
SReclaimable: 159268 kB
SUnreclaim: 60244 kB
KernelStack: 10752 kB
PageTables: 65192 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 11056992 kB
Committed_AS: 9344292 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 0 kB
VmallocChunk: 0 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 14336 kB
ShmemHugePages: 0 kB
ShmemPmdMapped: 0 kB
CmaTotal: 0 kB
CmaFree: 0 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 352868 kB
DirectMap2M: 6926336 kB
DirectMap1G: 0 kB
oracle@oracle:~$ egrep "model name|address" /proc/cpuinfo
model name : AMD A10-7700K APU with Radeon(TM) R7 Graphics
address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
model name : AMD A10-7700K APU with Radeon(TM) R7 Graphics
address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
model name : AMD A10-7700K APU with Radeon(TM) R7 Graphics
address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
model name : AMD A10-7700K APU with Radeon(TM) R7 Graphics
address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
oracle@oracle:~$ uname -a
Linux oracle 4.15.0-70-generic #79-Ubuntu SMP Tue Nov 12 10:36:11 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
oracle@oracle:~$ cat /etc/*release
DISTRIB_ID=LinuxMint
DISTRIB_RELEASE=19
DISTRIB_CODENAME=tara
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Linux Mint 19 Tara"
NAME="Linux Mint"
VERSION="19 (Tara)"
ID=linuxmint
ID_LIKE=ubuntu
PRETTY_NAME="Linux Mint 19"
VERSION_ID="19"
HOME_URL="https://www.linuxmint.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://forums.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://linuxmint-troubleshooting-guide.readthedocs.io/en/latest/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.linuxmint.com/"
VERSION_CODENAME=tara
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic
cat: /etc/upstream-release: Is a directory
oracle@oracle:~$ free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7075532 2759988 1274080 218636 3041464 3866492
Swap: 7519228 0 7519228
oracle@oracle:~$ sudo dmidecode -t memory
# dmidecode 3.1
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0024, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: None
Maximum Capacity: 16 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 4
Handle 0x0026, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM_A1
Bank Locator: A1_BANK0
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
Speed: 1600 MT/s
Manufacturer: Undefined
Serial Number: 5951031B
Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum1
Part Number: BLS4G3D18ADS3.16FE
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s
Handle 0x0028, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM_A2
Bank Locator: A1_BANK1
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
Speed: 1866 MT/s
Manufacturer: Undefined
Serial Number: 5951034A
Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum0
Part Number: BLS4G3D18ADS3.16FE
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s
Handle 0x002A, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM_B1
Bank Locator: A1_BANK2
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
Speed: 1600 MT/s
Manufacturer: Undefined
Serial Number: AD0195EA
Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum2
Part Number: BLS4G3D1609DS1S00.
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s
Handle 0x002C, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM_B2
Bank Locator: A1_BANK3
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
Speed: 1866 MT/s
Manufacturer: Undefined
Serial Number: A015A6F5
Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum3
Part Number: BLS4G3D1609DS1S00.
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s
oracle@oracle:~$ lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Root Complex
00:01.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Kaveri [Radeon R7 Graphics]
00:01.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Kaveri HDMI/DP Audio Controller
00:02.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Root Port
00:02.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Device 1425
00:03.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Root Port
00:04.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Root Port
00:10.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB XHCI Controller (rev 09)
00:10.1 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB XHCI Controller (rev 09)
00:11.0 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 40)
00:12.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB OHCI Controller (rev 11)
00:12.2 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB EHCI Controller (rev 11)
00:13.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB OHCI Controller (rev 11)
00:13.2 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH USB EHCI Controller (rev 11)
00:14.0 SMBus: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SMBus Controller (rev 16)
00:14.2 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH Azalia Controller (rev 01)
00:14.3 ISA bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH LPC Bridge (rev 11)
00:14.4 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH PCI Bridge (rev 40)
00:15.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Hudson PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 0)
00:15.2 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Hudson PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 2)
00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Function 0
00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Function 1
00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Function 2
00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Function 3
00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Function 4
00:18.5 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 15h (Models 30h-3fh) Processor Function 5
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107 [GeForce GTX 1050] (rev a1)
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GP107GL High Definition Audio Controller (rev a1)
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0c)
oracle@oracle:~$ lspci -v -s 01:00.0
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107 [GeForce GTX 1050] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd GP107 [GeForce GTX 1050]
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 42
Memory at fd000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
Memory at f0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M]
I/O ports at e000 [size=128]
[virtual] Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [disabled] [size=128K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: nvidia
Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nvidia_drm, nvidia
oracle@oracle:~$ sudo lspci -v -s 01:00.0
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107 [GeForce GTX 1050] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd GP107 [GeForce GTX 1050]
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 42
Memory at fd000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
Memory at f0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M]
I/O ports at e000 [size=128]
[virtual] Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [disabled] [size=128K]
Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [78] Express Legacy Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [250] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Capabilities: [128] Power Budgeting <?>
Capabilities: [420] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [600] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=024 <?>
Kernel driver in use: nvidia
Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nvidia_drm, nvidia
oracle@oracle:~$ glxinfo | egrep -i 'device|memory'
GLX_NV_robustness_video_memory_purge, GLX_SGIX_fbconfig, GLX_SGIX_pbuffer,
GLX_NV_robustness_video_memory_purge, GLX_NV_swap_group,
GLX_NV_robustness_video_memory_purge, GLX_SGIX_fbconfig, GLX_SGIX_pbuffer,
Memory info (GL_NVX_gpu_memory_info):
Dedicated video memory: 2048 MB
Total available memory: 2048 MB
Currently available dedicated video memory: 516 MB
GL_EXT_import_sync_object, GL_EXT_memory_object, GL_EXT_memory_object_fd,
GL_NVX_conditional_render, GL_NVX_gpu_memory_info, GL_NVX_nvenc_interop,
GL_NV_light_max_exponent, GL_NV_memory_attachment,
GL_NV_register_combiners2, GL_NV_robustness_video_memory_purge,
GL_NV_transform_feedback2, GL_NV_uniform_buffer_unified_memory,
GL_NV_vertex_buffer_unified_memory, GL_NV_vertex_program,
GL_EXT_import_sync_object, GL_EXT_memory_object, GL_EXT_memory_object_fd,
GL_NVX_conditional_render, GL_NVX_gpu_memory_info, GL_NVX_nvenc_interop,
GL_NV_light_max_exponent, GL_NV_memory_attachment,
GL_NV_register_combiners2, GL_NV_robustness_video_memory_purge,
GL_NV_transform_feedback2, GL_NV_uniform_buffer_unified_memory,
GL_NV_vertex_buffer_unified_memory, GL_NV_vertex_program,
GL_EXT_map_buffer_range, GL_EXT_memory_object, GL_EXT_memory_object_fd,
GL_NV_internalformat_sample_query, GL_NV_memory_attachment,
oracle@oracle:~$ grep -i memory /var/log/Xorg.0.log
[ 8.238] (--) NVIDIA(0): Memory: 2097152 kBytes
[ 8.284] (II) NVIDIA: Using 24576.00 MB of virtual memory for indirect memory
[ 8.372] (==) NVIDIA(0): Disabling shared memory pixmaps
Antwort1
Am Ende ... habe ich den betreffenden RAM auf einer anderen Maschine ausgetauscht. Auch dort ist er tot. Es scheint ein physisches Hardwareproblem gewesen zu sein. Irgendwie muss ich ihn kaputt gemacht haben, als ich die SSD ausgetauscht habe? Seltsam. Danke für die Hilfe!