Ich hatte ein 4-Laufwerk e-sata an einen Fedora 31-Server angeschlossen, mit drei 1,5 TB und einem 2 TB Laufwerk. Ich habe ein RAID1 erstelltnach diesem hervorragenden tecmint Tutorial. Ich habe verwendet --raid-devices=4. Nun, das erstellt nicht automatisch eine gespiegelte 2-Laufwerk-Partition. Es zeigt, dass nur 1,4 TB verfügbar sind. Von df -h:
/dev/md0 1.4T 425G 880G 33% /esata
Dann:
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 1.4T 0 disk
└─sda1 8:1 0 1.4T 0 part
└─md0 9:0 0 1.4T 0 raid1
sdb 8:16 0 1.4T 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 1.4T 0 part
└─md0 9:0 0 1.4T 0 raid1
sdd 8:48 0 1.4T 0 disk
└─sdd1 8:49 0 1.4T 0 part
└─md0 9:0 0 1.4T 0 raid1
sde 8:64 0 4.9T 0 disk
├─sde1 8:65 0 2M 0 part
├─sde2 8:66 0 476M 0 part /boot
└─sde3 8:67 0 3.3T 0 part
sdf 8:80 0 59.8G 0 disk
└─sdf1 8:81 0 59.8G 0 part
sdg 8:96 0 1.8T 0 disk
└─sdg1 8:97 0 1.8T 0 part
└─md0 9:0 0 1.4T 0 raid1
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
Und:
cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdg1[3] sdd1[2] sdb1[1]
1465005464 blocks super 1.2 [4/4] [UUUU]
bitmap: 0/11 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
unused devices: <none>
Und:
mdadm -E /dev/sd[a-b]1 /dev/sdg1 /dev/sdd1
/dev/sda1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x1
Array UUID : 88b9fcb6:52d0f235:849bd9d6:c079cfc8
Name : ourserver:0 (local to host ourserver)
Creation Time : Fri Mar 13 16:46:35 2020
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 4
Avail Dev Size : 2930010928 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Array Size : 1465005440 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Used Dev Size : 2930010880 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=264112 sectors, after=48 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 7df3d233:060aaac3:04eb9f3a:65a9119e
Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
Update Time : Sat Mar 14 08:32:32 2020
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors
Checksum : bbb40149 - correct
Events : 20558
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdb1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x1
Array UUID : 88b9fcb6:52d0f235:849bd9d6:c079cfc8
Name : ourserver:0 (local to host ourserver)
Creation Time : Fri Mar 13 16:46:35 2020
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 4
Avail Dev Size : 2930010928 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Array Size : 1465005440 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Used Dev Size : 2930010880 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=264112 sectors, after=48 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 434684bb:d297cd17:f5391b7b:0d73e9d7
Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
Update Time : Sat Mar 14 08:32:32 2020
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors
Checksum : 11dbfa76 - correct
Events : 20558
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdg1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x1
Array UUID : 88b9fcb6:52d0f235:849bd9d6:c079cfc8
Name : ourserver:0 (local to host ourserver)
Creation Time : Fri Mar 13 16:46:35 2020
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 4
Avail Dev Size : 3906762928 (1862.89 GiB 2000.26 GB)
Array Size : 1465005440 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Used Dev Size : 2930010880 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=264112 sectors, after=976752048 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 45a47922:251b01e7:a920b5ef:aec34c43
Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
Update Time : Sat Mar 14 08:32:32 2020
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors
Checksum : 623a20a2 - correct
Events : 20558
Device Role : Active device 3
Array State : AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdd1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x1
Array UUID : 88b9fcb6:52d0f235:849bd9d6:c079cfc8
Name : ourserver:0 (local to host ourserver)
Creation Time : Fri Mar 13 16:46:35 2020
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 4
Avail Dev Size : 2930012909 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Array Size : 1465005440 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Used Dev Size : 2930010880 (1397.14 GiB 1500.17 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=264112 sectors, after=2029 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 9f705e06:0b9a6d1a:fe4a0368:8a279a1a
Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
Update Time : Sat Mar 14 08:32:32 2020
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors
Checksum : 8eeef44d - correct
Events : 20558
Device Role : Active device 2
Array State : AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
Ich habe also eineBenutzer bei Serverfehler, Undein weiterer auf SEIch empfehle die Verwendung von mdadm --assemble --update=devicesize /dev/md0, das ich ausgeführt habe und bei mdadm -G /dev/md0 -z maxdem immer noch das gleiche Ergebnis angezeigt wird:
mdadm --assemble --update=devicesize /dev/md0 /dev/sd[a-b]1 /dev/sdg1 /dev/sdd1
mdadm: /dev/md0 has been started with 4 drives.
mdadm: component size of /dev/md0 unchanged at 1465005464K
Wie würde ichdiesen SF-Beitrag ändernbeim Erweitern eines RAID 1 auf RAID 10 oder einfach beim Erhalten einer gespiegelten Partition, die aus zwei Laufwerken besteht?
Antwort1
Ich habe dieses Problem dank der hervorragenden Beschreibung des Softwareentwicklers gelöstJean-Christophe Berthon. Ich hätte noch mehr Zeit gespart, wenn ich einfach das riesige Backup gelöscht hätte, das ich mit den Verzeichnissen und Dateien erstellt hatte.
Obwohl RAID10 ungefähr einmal am Tag als fehlerfrei angezeigt wird, werden mir die folgenden Protokolle angezeigt, die meiner Ansicht nach bedeuten, dass SDD1 ersetzt werden soll:
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: failed command: READ DMA EXT
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: cmd 25/00:80:22:ba:c4/00:00:ab:00:00/e0 tag 31 dma 65536 in#012 res 51/40:00:6d:ba:c4
/00:00:ab:00:00/00 Emask 0x9 (media error)
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: error: { UNC }
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: configured for UDMA/133
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: sd 17:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#31 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE cmd_age=2s
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: sd 17:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#31 Sense Key : Medium Error [current]
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: sd 17:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#31 Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: sd 17:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#31 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 ab c4 ba 22 00 00 80 00
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdd, sector 2881796717 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 2 prio class
0
Mar 15 06:12:57 ourserver kernel: ata18: EH complete
Mar 15 06:13:00 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
Mar 15 06:13:00 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: irq_stat 0x40000001
Mar 15 06:13:00 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: failed command: READ DMA EXT
Mar 15 06:13:00 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: cmd 25/00:00:a2:ba:c4/00:09:ab:00:00/e0 tag 0 dma 1179648 in#012 res 51/40:00:41:bd:c
4/00:00:ab:00:00/00 Emask 0x9 (media error)
Mar 15 06:13:00 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
Mar 15 06:13:00 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: error: { UNC }
Mar 15 06:13:01 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: configured for UDMA/133
Mar 15 06:13:01 ourserver kernel: sd 17:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE cmd_age=3s
Mar 15 06:13:01 ourserver kernel: sd 17:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#0 Sense Key : Medium Error [current]
Mar 15 06:13:01 ourserver kernel: sd 17:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#0 Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed
Mar 15 06:13:01 ourserver kernel: sd 17:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#0 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 ab c4 ba a2 00 09 00 00
Mar 15 06:13:01 ourserver kernel: blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdd, sector 2881797441 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 86 prio class 0
Mar 15 06:13:01 ourserver kernel: ata18: EH complete
Mar 15 06:13:04 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
Mar 15 06:13:04 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: irq_stat 0x40000001
Mar 15 06:13:04 ourserver kernel: ata18.00: failed command: READ DMA EXT
Und smartctlzeigt dies:
Error 45 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3736 hours (155 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 80 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:55.963 READ DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 1d+07:38:55.906 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+07:38:55.905 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+07:38:55.892 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 1d+07:38:55.830 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 44 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3736 hours (155 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:52.146 READ DMA EXT
35 00 80 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:52.143 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 80 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:52.142 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 80 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:52.140 WRITE DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 1d+07:38:52.112 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 43 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3736 hours (155 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 80 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:49.220 READ DMA EXT
ea 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+07:38:49.163 FLUSH CACHE EXT
ca 00 01 2a 00 00 e0 00 1d+07:38:49.163 WRITE DMA
ea 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+07:38:49.162 FLUSH CACHE EXT
ea 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+07:38:49.136 FLUSH CACHE EXT
Error 42 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3736 hours (155 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:46.103 READ DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 1d+07:38:46.075 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+07:38:46.074 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+07:38:46.060 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 1d+07:38:46.033 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 41 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3736 hours (155 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 80 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:42.036 READ DMA EXT
35 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:42.032 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 80 ff ff ff ef 00 1d+07:38:42.025 WRITE DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 1d+07:38:41.997 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+07:38:41.996 IDENTIFY DEVICE
Auch das hier zu sehen:
smartctl -A /dev/sdd1
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.5.8-200.fc31.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 101 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 203989872
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 099 097 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 16
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 23
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 070 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 12419382
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 096 096 000 Old_age Always - 3774
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 10
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 101
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 099 000 Old_age Always - 65537
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 070 070 000 Old_age Always - 30
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 072 060 045 Old_age Always - 28 (Min/Max 28/31)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 028 040 000 Old_age Always - 28 (0 19 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 044 006 000 Old_age Always - 203989872
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 105
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 105
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 3774 (62 166 0)
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 201703664
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1542427917