Bei zu vielen Abbildungen ändern Sie die Seitengeometrie, um mehr Abbildungen nach dem Text einzufügen

Question

Mein Problem ist folgendes: Ich muss in meinem Bericht eine Menge Abbildungen einfügen. Diese Abbildungen sind normalerweise etwa 0,4 der Seitenhöhe. Mit der Überschrift beträgt die Höhe eher 0,55 oder so. Jedenfalls passen zwei Abbildungen nicht auf eine Seite.

Am Ende bleibt mir zum Beispiel so etwas übrig:

In der .tex-Datei würde das folgendermaßen aussehen:

\documentclass[a4paper,titlepage]{article}
\usepackage[pass]{geometry}
\usepackage{changepage} 
\usepackage[margin=0.8cm]{caption}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subcaption}

\begin{document}

\section{Section 1}

    Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 1}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%

    Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2Paragraph Fig2 Paragraph Fig2

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 2}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 3}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 4}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 5}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 6}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\clearpage
\newpage

\section{Section 2}
    Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph 

\end{document}

Normalerweise füge ich am Ende des Abschnitts ein '\clearpage' '\newpage' hinzu, um zu vermeiden, dass die Abbildungen aus Abschnitt 1 in Abschnitt 2 zu finden sind. Im Wesentlichen habe ich also, siehe Bild, Folgendes:

• Seite 0 mit dem Beginn des Abschnitts und Kommentaren zu Abb. 1
• Seite 1 mit Abb. 1 und Kommentaren zu Abb. 2,3,4
• Seite 2 mit Abb. 2 und Kommentaren zu Abb. 5,6
• Seite 3 mit nur Abb. 3
• Seite 4 mit nur Abb. 4
• Seite 5 mit nur Abb. 5
• Seite 6 mit Abb. 6.

Dieser letzte Teil mit nur einer einzigen Abbildung auf den Seiten 3, 4, 5 und 6 stört mich ...

Ich möchte wissen, ob es eine Möglichkeit gibt, die es mir ermöglicht,die Geometrie der Seiten ändern, um zwei Abbildungen auf eine Seite zu bringen, sobald kein Text mehr vorhanden ist. Im Beispiel hätten wir dann genau das Gleiche für Seite 0, 1 und 2, aber dann hätte ich

• Seite 3 mit Abb. 3 und Abb. 4
• Seite 4 mit Abb. 5 und Abb. 6.

Ich stelle mir vor, dass ich das ganz klar von Hand machen könnte, indem ich einfach den Code kompiliere, den ich bereits habe, mir mein PDF anschaue und feststelle, welche Abbildungen nach dem Text platziert sind. Dann entferne ich sie einfach aus dem Text und verwende „\newpage“, füge dann alle diese Abbildungen ein und ändere dabei die Geometrie dieser bestimmten Seiten … Aber diese Idee gefällt mir nicht wirklich und ich habe mich gefragt, ob es möglich ist, dies zu automatisieren.

Ich frage mich auch, ob es vielleicht sogar möglich wäre, dies mitten im Text zu tun: Wir sehen, dass wir auf Seite 2 Abb. 5 und 6 kommentieren, während Abb. 3 und 4 noch nicht angezeigt wurden. Wäre es möglich, Latex zu zwingen, die Geometrie dieser Seite zu ändern und Abb. 3 direkt nach Abb. 2 (auf derselben Seite) erscheinen zu lassen, dann auf der folgenden Seite Abb. 4 und dann die Absätze zu Abb. 5 und Abb. 6...

Wir hätten dann

• Seite 0 mit dem Beginn des Abschnitts und Kommentaren zu Abb. 1
• Seite 1 mit Abb. 1 und Kommentaren zu Abb. 2,3,4
• Seite 2 mit Abb. 2 und Abb. 3
• Seite 3 mit Abb. 4 und Kommentaren zu Abb. 5 und 6
• Seite 4 mit Abb. 5 und 6

(Ich weiß nicht, ob das alles ganz klar ist, aber zögern Sie nicht zu fragen, wenn Sie weitere Informationen wünschen.) Ich weiß, dass ich das LaTeX für mich erledigen lassen sollte, da dies sein Zweck ist, aber ich habe mich gefragt, ob das nicht ohne allzu großen Aufwand möglich wäre.

Danke !

Answer 1

[h!]macht es für Latex nur schwieriger, die Figuren zu positionieren, es beschwert sich viel und ändert es, um [ht!]sich selbst eine Chance zu geben, aber Sie sollten es immer pwirklich einschließen, es sei denn, Sie haben einen wirklich guten Grund, es nicht zu tun. Außerdem macht es keinen Sinn, es routinemäßig zu verwenden, !da dies bedeutet, die vom Benutzer festgelegten Einschränkungen zu ignorieren. Es ist besser, die Einschränkungen zu ändern, wenn sie nicht geeignet sind, als sie festzulegen und dann zu ignorieren.

Der hier verwendete Code zum Zusammenquetschen von zwei Abbildungen auf eine Float-Seite ist ein kleiner Hack, funktioniert aber ganz gut. Ich persönlich würde die Abbildungen einfach kleiner machen, sodass zwei auf eine normale Seite passen. Dann wäre das nicht nötig.

\documentclass[a4paper,titlepage]{article}
\usepackage[pass]{geometry}
\usepackage{changepage} 
\usepackage[margin=0.8cm]{caption}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{0.7}
\makeatletter
\setlength\@fpbot{-.5cm plus 1fil}
\setlength\@fptop{-1.5cm}
\setlength\@fpsep{-2cm plus 1fill}
\makeatother
\begin{document}

\section{Section 1}

    Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1Paragraph Fig1 Paragraph Fig1

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 1}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 2}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 3}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 4}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 5}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 6}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%

\clearpage


\section{Section 2}
    Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph 

\end{document}