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Wie vervollständige ich diese Figur mit Tikz?

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf
Wie vervollständige ich diese Figur mit Tikz?

Ich habe das folgende Bild bei der Mathematik-Olympiade in Puerto Rico gesehen. Die Figur stellt einen sich ausbreitenden Teppich dar.

Bildbeschreibung hier eingeben

Ich konnte den Teil des Zylinders nicht machen, keine Symbole auf schwarzen Quadraten einführen

\documentclass{exam}
\usepackage{tikz}           
\usepackage{amsmath}   
\usepackage{amssymb}   
\usepackage{amsfonts}  
\usepackage{latexsym}       %simbolos do Latex    
\usepackage{bbm}        %simbolos de conjuntos   
\usepackage{pstricks}   
\usepackage{pstricks-add, pst-eucl, here}  
\usepackage{MnSymbol}

\begin{document}  
\begin{center}   
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8, angle=90]

\draw[ultra thick](0,0)--(7,0)--(7,9)--(0,9)--(0,0);    
\draw[thick] (1,0)--(1,9);    
\draw[thick] (2,0)--(2,9);    
\draw[thick] (3,0)--(3,9);   
\draw[thick] (4,0)--(4,9);   
\draw[thick] (5,0)--(5,9);
\draw[thick] (6,0)--(6,9);   
\draw[thick] (7,0)--(7,9);   
\draw[thick] (0,1)--(7,1); 
\draw[thick] (0,2)--(7,2);  
\draw[thick] (0,3)--(7,3);   
\draw[thick] (0,4)--(7,4);   
\draw[thick] (0,5)--(7,5);   
\draw[thick] (0,6)--(7,6);  
\draw[thick] (0,7)--(7,7);  
\draw[thick] (0,8)--(7,8);  
\draw[thick] (0,9)--(7,9);

\draw[thick,<-] (-0.5,0)--(-0.5,4);  
\draw[thick,->] (-0.5,4.5)--(-0.5,9);   
\draw[thick,<-] (0,-0.5)--(2.6,-0.5);  
\draw[thick,->] (3.7,-0.5)--(7,-0.5);

\draw[fill=black] (0,1) rectangle (1,2);  
\draw[fill=black] (2,1) rectangle (3,2);
\draw[fill=black] (4,1) rectangle (5,2);    
\draw[fill=black] (6,1) rectangle (7,2);
\draw[fill=black] (0,3) rectangle (1,4);   
\draw[fill=black] (2,3) rectangle (3,4);  
\draw[fill=black] (4,3) rectangle (5,4);   
\draw[fill=black] (6,3) rectangle (7,4);   
\draw[fill=black] (0,5) rectangle (1,6);    
\draw[fill=black] (2,5) rectangle (3,6);   
\draw[fill=black] (4,5) rectangle (5,6);    
\draw[fill=black] (6,5) rectangle (7,6);    
\draw[fill=black] (0,7) rectangle (1,8);    
\draw[fill=black] (2,7) rectangle (3,8);    
\draw[fill=black] (4,7) rectangle (5,8);    
\draw[fill=black] (6,7) rectangle (7,8);   
\draw[fill=black] (1,6) rectangle (2,7);    
\draw[fill=black] (3,6) rectangle (4,7);   
\draw[fill=black] (5,6) rectangle (6,7);   
\draw[fill=black] (3,0) rectangle (4,1);   
\draw[fill=black] (5,0) rectangle (6,1);   
\draw[fill=black] (1,0) rectangle (2,1);   
\draw[fill=black] (1,2) rectangle (2,3);   
\draw[fill=black] (3,2) rectangle (4,3);   
\draw[fill=black] (5,2) rectangle (6,3);   
\draw[fill=black] (1,4) rectangle (2,5);    
\draw[fill=black] (3,4) rectangle (4,5);   
\draw[fill=black] (5,4) rectangle (6,5);   
\draw[fill=black] (1,8) rectangle (2,9);   
\draw[fill=black] (3,8) rectangle (4,9);
\draw[fill=black] (5,8) rectangle (6,9);

\node at (0.5,0.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (0.5,2.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (0.5,4.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (0.5,6.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}}; 
\node at (0.5,8.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};    
\node at (1.5,1.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};    
\node at (1.5,3.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (1.5,5.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (1.5,7.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};    
\node at (2.5,0.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};    
\node at (2.5,2.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (2.5,4.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (2.5,6.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (2.5,8.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (3.5,1.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (3.5,3.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};    
\node at (3.5,5.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (3.5,7.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (4.5,0.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (4.5,2.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (4.5,4.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (4.5,6.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (4.5,8.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (5.5,1.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (5.5,3.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (5.5,5.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (5.5,7.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (6.5,0.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (6.5,2.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}}; 
\node at (6.5,4.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}}; 
\node at (6.5,6.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (6.5,8.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (6.5,1.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};   
\node at (6.5,3.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};
\node at (6.5,5.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (6.5,7.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\ostar$}}};  
\node at (1.5,8.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\leftmoon$}}};  
\node at (1.5,5.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\leftmoon$}}};  
\node at (3.5,0.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\leftmoon$}}}; 
\node at (3.5,2.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\leftmoon$}}}; 
\node at (3.5,6.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\leftmoon$}}}; 
\node at (5.5,4.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\leftmoon$}}};  
\node at (5.5,8.5) {\LARGE{\textbf{$\leftmoon$}}};   
\node at (-0.7, 4.25) {36dm};  
\node at (3.1, -0.5) {36dm}; 
\end{tikzpicture}  
\end{center}    
\end{document}

Bildbeschreibung hier eingeben

Antwort1

Sie können zur Vereinfachung des Codes auch eine Matrix verwenden.

\documentclass{exam}
\usepackage{tikz}           
\usepackage{amsmath}   
\usepackage{amsfonts}  
\usepackage{latexsym} 
\usepackage{mathabx} 
\usepackage{MnSymbol}

\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}

\begin{document}  
\begin{center}   
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
  \def\B{\node[fill=black,text=white,minimum width=1cm,minimum height=1cm] {\LARGE$\leftmoon$};}%
  \def\W{\node[fill=white,minimum width=1cm,minimum height=1cm] {\LARGE$\ostar$};}%

\node[matrix,draw=black,ultra thick,inner sep=1pt] (grid)
{
  \W & \B & \W & \B & \W \\
  \B & \W & \B & \W & \B \\
  \W & \B & \W & \B & \W \\
  \B & \W & \B & \W & \B \\
  \W & \B & \W & \B & \W \\
  \B & \W & \B & \W & \B \\
  \W & \B & \W & \B & \W \\
  \B & \W & \B & \W & \B \\
  \W & \B & \W & \B & \W \\
};

\node[xshift=1cm,yshift=-.1cm,cylinder,rotate=90,
  draw=black,thick,fill=gray,
  minimum height=9.35cm,minimum width=2cm] at (grid.east) {};

\end{tikzpicture}  
\end{center}    
\end{document}

Demobild

Antwort2

Ich muss zugeben, dass mein "Zylinder" nicht sehr realistisch aussieht, aber auf jeden Fall kann das Ergebnis mit einem viel kürzeren Code erreicht werden. Wenn Sie etwas nicht verstehen, können Sie gerne fragen, aber ich denke, dass das Eintippeneine Mengevon \nodeDefinitionen wird mühsam.

Ich habe Ihre Paketliste so gelassen, wie sie war, da ich nicht weiß, ob Sie sie irgendwo anders in Ihrem Dokument verwenden, aber viele davon sind für diesen Code nicht erforderlich.

Ausgabe

Bildbeschreibung hier eingeben

Code

\documentclass[margin=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}           
\usepackage{amsmath}   
\usepackage{amssymb}   
\usepackage{amsfonts}  
\usepackage{latexsym}       %simbolos do Latex    
\usepackage{bbm}        %simbolos de conjuntos   
\usepackage{pstricks}   
\usepackage{pstricks-add, pst-eucl, here}  
\usepackage{MnSymbol}
\usepackage{wasysym}

\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, patterns, shadings}

\begin{document}  
\begin{tikzpicture}

\foreach \y [count=\nrow starting from 0] in {0,1,...,9} {
\foreach \x in {0,1,...,7} {
    \pgfmathsetmacro\color{int(mod(\y + \x, 2)) ? "black" : "white"}
    \fill[draw,fill=\color] (\x,\y) rectangle (\x+1,\y+1);
    \ifnum\pdfstrcmp{\color}{white}=0
        \node[font=\bfseries\LARGE] at (\x+.5,\y+.5) {$\ostar$}; 
    \else
        \node[font=\bfseries\LARGE, text=white] at (\x+.5,\y+.5) {$\leftmoon$};
    \fi 
    }
}

\draw[left color=gray!50!black, right color=gray!50!black, middle color=gray!80, pattern color=black] (7.3,.3) --++ (0,9.7) arc (180:0:.7 and .3) -- (8.7,.3) -- cycle;
\fill[gray!30!black] (8,.25) ellipse (.7 and .3);

\draw[{Latex}-{Latex}] (0,-1) -- (8,-1)  node[fill=white, midway] {60dm};
\draw[{Latex}-{Latex}] (-1,0) -- (-1,10) node[fill=white, midway] {36dm};
\end{tikzpicture}    
\end{document}

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