Antwort1
Dies reproduziert den größten Teil Ihres Screenshots, aber ich hatte nicht die Geduld, die Texte einzutippen. Sie beginnen mit dem Inneren der Wolke, passen die Wolke darum an und fügen dann die anderen Dinge hinzu. Der Dreifachpfeil kann bequem mit einem Bild erstellt werden, trident
das ich hier hinzugefügt habe.
\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,backgrounds,calc,fit,positioning,shadows.blur,shapes.symbols}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[pics/trident/.style={code={
\draw[->] (0,0) -- (45:0.5);
\draw[->] (0,0) -- (0:{0.5/sqrt(2)});
\draw[->] (0,0) -- (-45:0.5);
\fill(0,0) circle[radius=2pt];
}},>={Triangle},circ/.style={circle,draw,minimum size=1.6em,inner sep=1pt},
truncated/.style={path picture={
\draw ([xshift=-#1]path picture bounding box.north)
-- ([xshift=-#1]path picture bounding box.south)
([xshift=#1]path picture bounding box.north)
-- ([xshift=#1]path picture bounding box.south);
}},truncated/.default=1ex,
Dotted/.style={% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/101263/194703
line cap=round, dash pattern=on 0pt off 4.5\pgflinewidth,shorten >=1ex,shorten
<=1ex}]
\begin{scope}[local bounding box=fit]
\node[circ] (i) {$\boldsymbol{i}$};
\draw[<-] (i) -- ++ (160:1.2) coordinate (aux1);
\draw[<-] (i) -- ++ (-160:1.2) coordinate (aux2);
\draw[thick] (i) -- ++ (20:1.2) coordinate (aux3) pic[pos=1,sloped,thin]{trident};
\draw[thick] (i) -- ++ (-20:1.2) coordinate (aux4) pic[pos=1,sloped,thin]{trident};
\path (aux1) -- node(Ini){In$(i)$} (aux2) (aux3) -- node{Out$(i)$} (aux4)
(aux3) ++ (0,0.7) coordinate (aux6);
\node[below=1.1cm of Ini,circ](lc1){$\phantom{i}$};
\draw[thick] (lc1) -- node[above]{$e$} node[below=0.5ex]{$U_eR_e$}++ (00:1) coordinate(aux5) pic[pos=1,sloped,thin]{trident};
\path coordinate[right=7mm of aux5](lc2)
node[above=0.4em of lc2,circ](lc3){$\phantom{i}$}
node[below=0.4em of lc2,circ](lc4){$\phantom{i}$};
\end{scope}
%
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\node[cloud,cloud puffs=6,draw,blur shadow={shadow xshift=0em},
fit=(fit),fill=white,inner sep=-1em,
label=above:Network](cloud){};
\end{scope}
%
\path (cloud.20) -- ++ (20:1.5) node[circ](1) {$\boldsymbol{1}$}
coordinate[pos=0.4] (auxTR)
node[above=1em]{Sinks $\mathcal{T}$};
\draw[->] (cloud) -- (1);
\path (cloud.0) -- ++ (0:1.5) node[circ](t) {$\boldsymbol{t}$}
node[right=1em]{$\boldsymbol{Y}_{\beta(t)}$};
\draw[->] (cloud) -- (t);
\path (cloud.-20) -- ++ (-20:1.5)
node[circ,truncated=1.1ex](T) {$\mathcal{T}$}
coordinate[pos=0.4] (auxBR);
\draw[->] (cloud) -- (T);
%
\draw[line width=1.8pt,Dotted] (auxTR) -- (auxBR);
%
\path (cloud.160) -- ++ (160:1.5) node[circ](1') {$\boldsymbol{1}$}
node[above=1em]{Sources $\mathcal{T}$}
coordinate[pos=0.5] (auxTL) ;
\draw (1'.-20) -- ++ (-20:0.7) pic[pos=1,sloped]{trident};
\path (cloud.180) -- ++ (180:1.7) node[circ](s) {$\boldsymbol{s}$}
node[left=1em]{$Y_s$};
\draw (s.00) -- ++ (00:0.7) pic[pos=1,sloped]{trident};
\path (cloud.-160) -- ++ (-160:1.5) node[circ,truncated=1.1ex](S) {$\mathcal{S}$}
coordinate[pos=0.5] (auxBL) ;
\draw (S.20) -- ++ (20:0.7) pic[pos=1,sloped]{trident};
%
\draw[line width=1.8pt,Dotted] (auxTL) -- (auxBL);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}