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Algorithmus-Flussdiagramm in tikZ

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf algorithms flow-charts
Algorithmus-Flussdiagramm in tikZ

Das folgende Flussdiagramm besteht aus Blöcken, die Daten und Funktionen darstellen und im Uhrzeigersinn verlaufen, während sich außerhalb dieser Blockreihe erklärende Schritte befinden. Wie würden Sie dies in LaTeX codieren und dabei den Text sowohl in den Blöcken als auch in den umgebenden Schritten editierbar machen? Ist Tikz die richtige Lösung? Zur Verwendung als Abbildung in einem Forschungsartikel.

Bildbeschreibung hier eingeben

Antwort1

Das Layout ist einfach, das Eintippen von Texten ist umständlich. Daher habe ich jede Menge Blabla eingebaut. Man braucht nur Matrizen und ein paar Stile für Schraffuren etc. Um die umgebenden Texte einzufügen, legt man das Diagramm in ein local bounding boxund nutzt die vertikalen bzw. horizontalen Positionen der Knoten für die Platzierung der Texte.

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,matrix,patterns.meta,positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[node font=\sffamily,>=Triangle,
    Dotted/.style={% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/52856/194703
    line width=1.2pt,
    dash pattern=on 0.01\pgflinewidth off #1\pgflinewidth,line cap=round,
    shorten >=0.5em,shorten <=0.5em},
    Dotted/.default=6,
    mmat/.style={matrix of nodes,nodes in empty cells,
        row sep=-\pgflinewidth,nodes={minimum width=3em,
            draw,anchor=center,
            text depth=0.25ex,text height=0.8em}},
    dotcell/.style={minimum height=4em,path picture={
        \draw[Dotted] (path picture bounding box.north)--
        (path picture bounding box.south);}},
    hatchcell/.style={pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={3pt}]}},
    vcell/.style={xshift=-1ex,hatchcell},
    block/.style={draw,align=center}    
    ]
 \begin{scope}[local bounding box=diagram]
  \node[mmat] (vmat1) {|[vcell]|1 \\
     2 \\ |[dotcell]|\\  10\\ }; 
  %
  \node[mmat,below=2em of vmat1] (vmat2) {1 \\
     |[vcell]| 2 \\ |[dotcell]|\\  10\\ };   
  %
  \node[mmat,below=3em of vmat2] (vmat3) {1 \\
     2 \\ |[dotcell]|\\  |[vcell]|  10\\ };  
  %  
  \foreach \X in {1,2,3}
  {\node[right=3em of vmat\X,block](b\X){regression\textsubscript{a}\\
     regression\textsubscript{b}\\ regression\textsubscript{c}};
  \draw[->] (vmat\X-3-1.east|-b\X) -- (b\X);}
  %
  \node[right=3em of b1.south east,anchor=south west,mmat,
     column 1/.style={nodes={hatchcell}}] (hmat1) {
   1 & $Z_{1\mathsf{a}}$ & $Z_{1\mathsf{b}}$ & $Z_{1\mathsf{c}}$ \\
   2 & $Z_{2\mathsf{a}}$ & $Z_{2\mathsf{b}}$ & $Z_{2\mathsf{c}}$ \\
  }; 
  \draw[->] (b1.east|-hmat1-1-1.west) -- (hmat1-1-1.west);
  %
  \node[right=3em of b2.north east,anchor=north west,mmat,
     column 1/.style={nodes={hatchcell}}] (hmat2) {
   10 & $Z_{10\mathsf{a}}$ & $Z_{10\mathsf{b}}$ & $Z_{10\mathsf{c}}$ \\
  }; 
  \foreach \X [count=\Y] in {a,b,c}
  {\node[below=\Y*2em of hmat2-1-\the\numexpr\Y+1\relax,block] 
     (CV\Y) {CV Risk\textsubscript{\X}};
  \draw[->] (hmat2-1-\the\numexpr\Y+1\relax) -- (CV\Y); }
  \draw (CV1.west) -- ++ (-1ex,0) |- (CV3);
  \draw[->] (b2.east) -- ++(1em,0) |- (hmat1-2-1.west);
  \draw[->] (b3.east) -- ++(2em,0) |- (hmat2-1-1.west);
  %
  \node[block,below=12em of hmat2](F){Family of weighted\\
     combinations}; 
  \draw[->] (CV2.south-|F) -- (F);
  %
  \node[block,below=4em of F.south west,xshift=-3em] (P)
  {Some long formula with P}; 
  \draw[<-] (P.east) -- ++ (1em,0) coordinate (aux) -- (F.south-|aux);
  \node[block,left=3em of P,text width=8em] (PP)  {\vphantom{P}}; 
  \draw[->] (P) -- (PP);
  %
  \node[left=3em of vmat2.north west,block] (A){Collection of\\ algorithms}; 
  \node[left=3em of vmat2.south west,block] (MD){Mortality\\ data};  
  \draw[->] (A.east) -- ++ (1.2em,0) |- (vmat1-3-1);
  \draw[->] (A.east) -- ++ (1.2em,0) |- (vmat3-3-1);
  \draw[->] (MD.east) -- ++ (1.2em,0) |- (vmat2-3-1);
  \path (current bounding box.south west) + (-1ex,-1ex)
  (current bounding box.north east) + (1ex,1ex);
 \end{scope} 
 \node[text width=7em,above] at (MD|-diagram.north){1.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=7em,above] at (vmat1|-diagram.north){2.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=7em,above] at (b1|-diagram.north){3.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=12em,above] at (hmat1|-diagram.north){4.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
  bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=8em,right] at (hmat2-|diagram.east){5.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
  bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=8em,right] at (F-|diagram.east){6.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=9em,below] at (P|-diagram.south){7.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=9em,below] at (PP|-diagram.south){8.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Bildbeschreibung hier eingeben

Dies ist eine Version, die auf (einigen) veralteten TeX-Installationen funktioniert.

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,matrix,patterns,positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[node font=\sffamily,>=Triangle,
    Dotted/.style={% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/52856/194703
    line width=1.2pt,
    dash pattern=on 0.01\pgflinewidth off #1\pgflinewidth,line cap=round,
    shorten >=0.5em,shorten <=0.5em},
    Dotted/.default=6,
    mmat/.style={matrix of nodes,nodes in empty cells,
        row sep=-\pgflinewidth,nodes={minimum width=3em,
            draw,anchor=center,
            text depth=0.25ex,text height=0.8em}},
    dotcell/.style={minimum height=4em,path picture={
        \draw[Dotted] (path picture bounding box.north)--
        (path picture bounding box.south);}},
    hatchcell/.style={pattern=north east lines},
    vcell/.style={xshift=-1ex,hatchcell},
    block/.style={draw,align=center}    
    ]
 \begin{scope}[local bounding box=diagram]
  \node[mmat] (vmat1) {|[vcell]|1 \\
     2 \\ |[dotcell]|\\  10\\ }; 
  %
  \node[mmat,below=2em of vmat1] (vmat2) {1 \\
     |[vcell]| 2 \\ |[dotcell]|\\  10\\ };   
  %
  \node[mmat,below=3em of vmat2] (vmat3) {1 \\
     2 \\ |[dotcell]|\\  |[vcell]|  10\\ };  
  %  
  \foreach \X in {1,2,3}
  {\node[right=3em of vmat\X,block](b\X){regression\textsubscript{a}\\
     regression\textsubscript{b}\\ regression\textsubscript{c}};
  \draw[->] (vmat\X-3-1.east|-b\X) -- (b\X);}
  %
  \node[right=3em of b1.south east,anchor=south west,mmat,
     column 1/.style={nodes={hatchcell}}] (hmat1) {
   1 & $Z_{1\mathsf{a}}$ & $Z_{1\mathsf{b}}$ & $Z_{1\mathsf{c}}$ \\
   2 & $Z_{2\mathsf{a}}$ & $Z_{2\mathsf{b}}$ & $Z_{2\mathsf{c}}$ \\
  }; 
  \draw[->] (b1.east|-hmat1-1-1.west) -- (hmat1-1-1.west);
  %
  \node[right=3em of b2.north east,anchor=north west,mmat,
     column 1/.style={nodes={hatchcell}}] (hmat2) {
   10 & $Z_{10\mathsf{a}}$ & $Z_{10\mathsf{b}}$ & $Z_{10\mathsf{c}}$ \\
  }; 
  \foreach \X [count=\Y] in {a,b,c}
  {\node[below=\Y*2em of hmat2-1-\the\numexpr\Y+1\relax,block] 
     (CV\Y) {CV Risk\textsubscript{\X}};
  \draw[->] (hmat2-1-\the\numexpr\Y+1\relax) -- (CV\Y); }
  \draw (CV1.west) -- ++ (-1ex,0) |- (CV3);
  \draw[->] (b2.east) -- ++(1em,0) |- (hmat1-2-1.west);
  \draw[->] (b3.east) -- ++(2em,0) |- (hmat2-1-1.west);
  %
  \node[block,below=12em of hmat2](F){Family of weighted\\
     combinations}; 
  \draw[->] (CV2.south-|F) -- (F);
  %
  \node[block,below=4em of F.south west,xshift=-3em] (P)
  {Some long formula with P}; 
  \draw[<-] (P.east) -- ++ (1em,0) coordinate (aux) -- (F.south-|aux);
  \node[block,left=3em of P,text width=8em] (PP)  {\vphantom{P}}; 
  \draw[->] (P) -- (PP);
  %
  \node[left=3em of vmat2.north west,block] (A){Collection of\\ algorithms}; 
  \node[left=3em of vmat2.south west,block] (MD){Mortality\\ data};  
  \draw[->] (A.east) -- ++ (1.2em,0) |- (vmat1-3-1);
  \draw[->] (A.east) -- ++ (1.2em,0) |- (vmat3-3-1);
  \draw[->] (MD.east) -- ++ (1.2em,0) |- (vmat2-3-1);
  \path (current bounding box.south west) + (-1ex,-1ex)
  (current bounding box.north east) + (1ex,1ex);
 \end{scope} 
 \node[text width=7em,above] at (MD|-diagram.north){1.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=7em,above] at (vmat1|-diagram.north){2.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=7em,above] at (b1|-diagram.north){3.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=12em,above] at (hmat1|-diagram.north){4.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
  bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=8em,right] at (hmat2-|diagram.east){5.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
  bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=8em,right] at (F-|diagram.east){6.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=9em,below] at (P|-diagram.south){7.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
 \node[text width=9em,below] at (PP|-diagram.south){8.\ bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla
 bla bla};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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