Ich möchte ein mehrschichtiges Perzeptron wie folgt zeichnen:
Und ich habe den folgenden Code erstellt:
\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm] {standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, matrix}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
> = Stealth, thick,
plain/.style = {draw=none, fill=none, yshift=11mm, text width=7ex, align=center},% for text in images,
ec/.style = {draw=none, fill=none},% for emty cells,
net/.style = {matrix of nodes, % for matrix style
nodes={circle,fill=blue!20, draw, semithick, minimum width=12mm, inner sep=0mm},% circles in image
nodes in empty cells,% for not used cells in matrix
column sep = 16mm, % distance between columns in matrix
row sep = -3mm % distance between rows in matrix
}]
\matrix[net] (m)% m is matrix name, it is used for names of cell: firs has name m-1-1
% in empty space between ampersands will show circles:
% i.e.: nodes of the neural network
{
|[plain]| Input layer & |[plain]| Hidden layer & |[plain]| Output layer \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & |[ec]| \\
& -1 & |[ec]| \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & |[ec]| \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & 3 \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & |[ec]| \\
& -1 & |[ec]| \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & |[ec]| \\
};
\draw[<-] (m-3-1) -- node[left, xshift=-0.65cm] {$x_1$} +(-2cm,0);
\draw[<-] (m-7-1) -- node[left, xshift=-0.65cm] {$x_2$} +(-2cm,0);
\draw[->] (m-5-3) -- node[right, xshift=0.65cm] {$y$} +(2cm,0);
\draw[->] (m-3-1) -- node[above] {$-2$} (m-3-2);
\draw[->] (m-3-1) -- node[below, yshift=-0.75cm, xshift=-0.5cm] {$2$} (m-7-2);
\draw[->] (m-7-1) -- node[above, yshift=0.75cm, xshift=-0.5cm] {$2$} (m-3-2);
\draw[->] (m-7-1) -- node[below] {$-2$} (m-7-2);
\draw[->] (m-3-2) -- node[above] {$2$} (m-5-3);
\draw[->] (m-7-2) -- node[below] {$2$} (m-5-3);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
Dies ist die Ausgabe von oben:
Das Problem ist, dass die Tikz-Zeichnung asymmetrisch ist, wenn ich einen Knoten in der ersten Ebene entferne. Wenn ich eine „1“ hineinzeichne, ist das Bild symmetrisch.
Wie kann ich das also beheben? Ich habe versucht, die Mindestgröße anzupassen, aber das hilft nicht.
Danke schön!
Antwort1
A matrix of nodesändert die inneren Knotenanker in base, wenn Sie sie bei belassen center(mit nodes={... anchor=center}wird das Diagramm wieder symmetrisch.
\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm] {standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, matrix}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
> = Stealth, thick,
plain/.style = {draw=none, fill=none, yshift=11mm, text width=7ex, align=center},% for text in images,
ec/.style = {draw=none, fill=none},% for emty cells,
net/.style = {matrix of nodes, % for matrix style
nodes={circle,fill=blue!20, draw, semithick, minimum width=12mm, inner sep=0mm, anchor=center},% circles in image
nodes in empty cells,% for not used cells in matrix
column sep = 16mm, % distance between columns in matrix
row sep = -3mm % distance between rows in matrix
}]
\matrix[net] (m)% m is matrix name, it is used for names of cell: firs has name m-1-1
% in empty space between ampersands will show circles:
% i.e.: nodes of the neural network
{
|[plain]| Input layer & |[plain]| Hidden layer & |[plain]| Output layer \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & |[ec]| \\
& -1 & |[ec]| \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & |[ec]| \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & 3 \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & |[ec]| \\
& -1 & |[ec]| \\
|[ec]| & |[ec]| & |[ec]| \\
};
\draw[<-] (m-3-1) -- node[left, xshift=-0.65cm] {$x_1$} +(-2cm,0);
\draw[<-] (m-7-1) -- node[left, xshift=-0.65cm] {$x_2$} +(-2cm,0);
\draw[->] (m-5-3) -- node[right, xshift=0.65cm] {$y$} +(2cm,0);
\draw[->] (m-3-1) -- node[above] {$-2$} (m-3-2);
\draw[->] (m-3-1) -- node[below, yshift=-0.75cm, xshift=-0.5cm] {$2$} (m-7-2);
\draw[->] (m-7-1) -- node[above, yshift=0.75cm, xshift=-0.5cm] {$2$} (m-3-2);
\draw[->] (m-7-1) -- node[below] {$-2$} (m-7-2);
\draw[->] (m-3-2) -- node[above] {$2$} (m-5-3);
\draw[->] (m-7-2) -- node[below] {$2$} (m-5-3);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
