Bild in Code konvertieren (TikZ? PSTricks?)

Question

Ich habe eine ... PDF-Datei, die Abbildungen von Diagrammen wie den folgenden enthält:

Nun ist es nicht allzu schwer, das zweite Diagramm in TikZ zu zeichnen (nehme ich an ... hoffe ich? Ich habe keine Erfahrung außer dem Zeichnen von Schaltkreisen!), aber es sind Figuren wie das erste Bild, die mir mehr Sorgen bereiten. Ich möchte sie im Code neu zeichnen (wie in TikZ oder eigentlich jedem anderen Paket), damit sie in höherer Qualität erscheinen, als wenn ich einfach einen Screenshot machen und diesen in meinem LaTeX-Dokument veröffentlichen würde.

Gibt es Tools, die Bilder wie diese automatisch in Code umwandeln können? Es muss nicht perfekt sein, ich kann es nach Bedarf optimieren, ich hätte nur gerne zumindest den grundlegenden Code, damit ich nicht bei jedem einzelnen von vorne beginnen muss. Selbst Beispiele, die man im Internet findet, reichen nicht wirklich an so etwas wie das erste Bild heran, und ich möchte nicht Berge von Beispielen/PDFs/Anleitungen durchgehen, um etwas relativ Einfaches zu zeichnen. Wie kann ich also so etwas wie die erste Zeichnung einfach in Code umsetzen, d. h. es in kompilierbaren Code umwandeln? Für jede Hilfe wäre ich dankbar!

Answer 1

Ich würde eine Kombination von Tools empfehlen:

1. Inkscape
2. svg2tikz

Sobald Sie Inkscape installiert haben, können Sie svg2tikz in Ihr ./config/inkscape/extensionsVerzeichnis legen und das Programm neu starten, um diese Funktionalität zu erhalten. Jetzt müssen Sie nur noch das Bitmap in einen Vektor umwandeln. Inkscape hat diese Funktionalität integriert (Version 0.48).

Schritt für Schritt Anweisungen:

1. Bitmap importierenFile->Import
2. Wählen Sie Bitmap und wählen SiePath->Trace Bitmap
3. Passen Sie die Optionen nach Ihren Wünschen an, je nach Bild waren meine Optionen
   • Einzelscan, Helligkeits-Cutoff von 0,8
   • Speckles bei 6px unterdrücken
   • Glatte Ecken bei 1,00
   • Pfade optimieren bei 5.00
4. Wählen Sie den neu erstellten Pfad aus. Sie möchten an dieser Stelle vielleicht wählen, Path->Simplifyaber ich finde den Vereinfachungsalgorithmus von Inkscape zu aggressiv.
5. Möglicherweise möchten Sie den Pfad auch mithilfe von in Bereiche aufteilen Path->Break Apart. Dies wird zu Verwirrung führen, wenn Sie Weiß auf Schwarz wie bei „0“ oder „B“ haben. Sie sollten die tatsächlich gewünschten Unterpfade auswählen und diese mithilfe von neu kombinieren Path->Exclusion.
6. Retuschieren Sie das Bild. Ich würde empfehlen, die Buchstaben/Zahlen durch echten Text zu ersetzen und möglicherweise auch die Achsen durch einzelne, gestrichelte Linien zu ersetzen. Dadurch wird die Gesamtgröße Ihres Tikz-Pfades erheblich reduziert.
7. Exportieren Sie die Grafik mit Extensions->Export->Export to TiKZ path . Die Ergebnisse sind unten.

Ich habe ein paar Änderungen vorgenommen, um das 40.000-Zeichen-Limit von SE einzuhalten. Ich habe den Text vor dem Export ersetzt und dann die Achsenbeschriftungen manuell hinzugefügt. Ich habe nur den Code für das erste gepostet, aber beide Bildausgaben unten eingefügt. Das Verfahren ist das gleiche. Außerdem habe ich die Dezimalausgabe des Exports mit grep auf 2 Ziffern (anstelle der 4) gekürzt.

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