Den letzten Tag habe ich nach Lösungen für dieses Problem gesucht:
Meine Postfix(+Dovecot)-Konfiguration kann E-Mails problemlos empfangen und über IMAP versenden, sie kann sie jedoch nicht über SMTP (Port 587) annehmen.
Ich habe bereits versucht hinzuzufügenbeispiel.netZuRelay-Domänen, aber es ist fehlgeschlagen, da es sich bereits in der Datenbank der virtuellen Postfachdomänen befindet.
Ich habe bereits versucht hinzuzufügenmail.beispiel.netzur Datenbank der virtuellen Postfachdomänen.
Für die Einrichtung habe ichArsTechnica'SFührungzum Einrichten eines E-Mail-Servers. Vielleicht erkennt man einige Elemente wieder. Hinweis: Ich konnte der Anleitung nicht genau folgen, da das Postfix-Dovecot-Paket fehlte, aber ich denke, ich habe das potenzielle Problem überwunden, da ich E-Mails empfangen kann.
Weiterer Hinweis: Das Senden an andere Adressen (wie[email geschützt]) funktioniert.
Ich kann alle benötigten Dateien bereitstellen.
Bei Bedarf: die Postfix-Version 2.11.3
Bitte beachten: example.net ist der Ersatz für meine Domain. Sie ist gültig, DNS ist eingerichtet und gültige TLS-Zertifikate sind installiert.
KONFIGURATIONSDATEIEN
Postfix: main.cf
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
# Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
#myorigin = /etc/mailname
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP
smtpd_helo_required = yes
smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname, reject_invalid_helo_hostname, reject_unknown_helo_hostname, permit
smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unknown_client_hostname, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_unauth_destination, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender
#smtpd_relay_restrictions = reject_unknown_client_hostname,reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain,reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender
smtpd_sender_restrictions = reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_sender_login_mismatch
smtpd_sender_login_maps = $virtual_mailbox_maps
biff = no
# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no
# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h
readme_directory = no
# TLS parameters
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom
smtpd_tls_ask_ccert = yes
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/crypto/mail.example.net.chained.crt
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/crypto/mail.example.net.key
smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
smtpd_tls_ciphers = high
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.
myhostname = example.net
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
#mydestination = $mydomain, raspberrysyncserver, localhost.localdomain, localhost
mydestination = raspberrysyncserver, localhost.localdomain, localhost
relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 192.168.2.0/24 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = ipv4
#relay_domains = example.net
unknown_address_reject_code = 550
unknown_hostname_reject_code = 550
unknown_client_reject_code = 550
canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/canonical
home_mailbox = Maildir/
message_size_limit = 104857600
virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual
virtual_mailbox_domains = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual-mailbox-domains
virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual-mailbox-users
virtual_transport = dovecot
dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
default_destination_concurrency_limit = 5
disable_vrfy_command = yes
relay_destination_concurrency_limit = 1
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes
#smtp_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtp_dns_support_level = dnssec
smtp_tls_security_level = dane
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unknown_client_hostname, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_unauth_destination, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender
milter_default_action = accept
milter_connect_macros = j {daemon_name} v {if_name} _
non_smtpd_milters = $smtpd_milters
#smtpd_milters = unix:/spamassassin/spamd.sock unix:/clamav/clamav-milter.ctl unix:/opendkim/opendkim.sock
smtpd_milters = unix:/clamav/clamav-milter.ctl unix:/opendkim/opendkim.sock
Suffix: master.cf
#
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master").
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
#smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen
#smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd
#dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog
#tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy
submission inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
# -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#smtps inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
# -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - - - - qmqpd
pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
relay unix - - - - - smtp
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry.
#
# Specify in cyrus.conf:
# lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4
#
# Specify in main.cf one or more of the following:
# mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
# virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux)
# Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
#cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
# Old example of delivery via Cyrus.
#
#old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
dovecot unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver
-f ${sender} -d $(recipient)
mail.log (Ausschnitt)
May 3 16:29:09 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[30395]: Trusted TLS connection established from MyComputer[192.168.2.150]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)
May 3 16:29:11 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[30395]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from MyComputer[192.168.2.150]: 554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<[192.168.2.150]>
May 3 16:29:13 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[30395]: disconnect from MyComputer[192.168.2.150]
Antwort1
Die Ablehnung wurde verursacht durch smtpd_recipient_restrictions. Löschen reject_unauth_destinationaus smtpd_recipient_restrictionssollte das Problem beheben.
Sie haben es bereits eingegeben reject_unauth_destination, smtpd_relay_restrictionsSie müssen es also nicht noch einmal eingeben smtpd_recipient_restrictions.
Antwort2
Dies ist der verräterische Teil des Protokolls. Führt zur Antwort von masegaloeh.
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: >>> START Recipient address RESTRICTIONS <<<
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_client_hostname
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unknown_client: mycomputer 192.168.2.150
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_client_hostname status=0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_sender_domain
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unknown_address: [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: ctable_locate: leave existing entry key [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_sender_domain status=0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_recipient_domain
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unknown_address: [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: ctable_locate: move existing entry key [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unknown_mailhost: web.de
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: lookup web.de type MX flags 0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: dns_query: web.de (MX): OK
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: dns_get_answer: type MX for web.de
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: dns_get_answer: type MX for web.de
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_recipient_domain status=0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_pipelining
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unauth_pipelining: RCPT
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_pipelining status=0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_destination
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unauth_destination: [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: permit_auth_destination: [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: ctable_locate: leave existing entry key [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from mycomputer[192.168.2.150]: 554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<[192.168.2.150]>
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_destination status=2