☰

Abrufen von Details zur aktuellen Azure-VM aus der VM heraus mithilfe von PowerShell

tag-icon • tag-icon powershell azure virtual-machines windows-server-2016
Abrufen von Details zur aktuellen Azure-VM aus der VM heraus mithilfe von PowerShell

Angenommen, ich habe eine in Azure bereitgestellte virtuelle Maschine, auf der das Azure-Standardimage von Windows Server 2016 ausgeführt wird.

Wie kann ich die Details der aktuellen VM mit PowerShell innerhalb der VM abrufen, ohne etwas auf der VM zu installieren?

Einige Eigenschaften, die ich abrufen möchte, sind:

  • VM-Name
  • VM-IP-Adresse
  • Abonnement-ID
  • VM-Standort

Ich glaube, das ist möglich, weil das Windows-Desktop-Image in Azure die meisten der oben genannten Informationen automatisch anzeigt. Wie kann ich diese Informationen also programmgesteuert über PowerShell abrufen?

(Wie üblich wird die Microsoft-Dokumentation ihrem Ruf gerecht, wertlos zu sein)

Für jede Hilfe wäre ich sehr dankbar.

Antwort1

Ich schlage vor, Sie verwenden entwederAzure-Instanz-Metadatendienst

Invoke-RestMethod -Headers @{"Metadata"="true"} -Method GET -NoProxy -Uri http://169.254.169.254/metadata/instance?api-version=2020-09-01 | ConvertTo-Json

{
    "compute": {
        "azEnvironment": "AZUREPUBLICCLOUD",
        "isHostCompatibilityLayerVm": "true",
        "licenseType":  "Windows_Client",
        "location": "westus",
        "name": "examplevmname",
        "offer": "Windows",
        "osProfile": {
            "adminUsername": "admin",
            "computerName": "examplevmname",
            "disablePasswordAuthentication": "true"
        },
        "osType": "linux",
        "placementGroupId": "f67c14ab-e92c-408c-ae2d-da15866ec79a",
        "plan": {
            "name": "planName",
            "product": "planProduct",
            "publisher": "planPublisher"
        },
        "platformFaultDomain": "36",
        "platformUpdateDomain": "42",
        "publicKeys": [{
                "keyData": "ssh-rsa 0",
                "path": "/home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys0"
            },
            {
                "keyData": "ssh-rsa 1",
                "path": "/home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys1"
            }
        ],
        "publisher": "RDFE-Test-Microsoft-Windows-Server-Group",
        "resourceGroupName": "macikgo-test-may-23",
        "resourceId": "/subscriptions/xxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/macikgo-test-may-23/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/examplevmname",
        "securityProfile": {
            "secureBootEnabled": "true",
            "virtualTpmEnabled": "false"
        },
        "sku": "Windows-Server-2012-R2-Datacenter",
        "storageProfile": {
            "dataDisks": [{
                "caching": "None",
                "createOption": "Empty",
                "diskSizeGB": "1024",
                "image": {
                    "uri": ""
                },
                "lun": "0",
                "managedDisk": {
                    "id": "/subscriptions/xxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/macikgo-test-may-23/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/exampledatadiskname",
                    "storageAccountType": "Standard_LRS"
                },
                "name": "exampledatadiskname",
                "vhd": {
                    "uri": ""
                },
                "writeAcceleratorEnabled": "false"
            }],
            "imageReference": {
                "id": "",
                "offer": "UbuntuServer",
                "publisher": "Canonical",
                "sku": "16.04.0-LTS",
                "version": "latest"
            },
            "osDisk": {
                "caching": "ReadWrite",
                "createOption": "FromImage",
                "diskSizeGB": "30",
                "diffDiskSettings": {
                    "option": "Local"
                },
                "encryptionSettings": {
                    "enabled": "false"
                },
                "image": {
                    "uri": ""
                },
                "managedDisk": {
                    "id": "/subscriptions/xxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/macikgo-test-may-23/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/exampleosdiskname",
                    "storageAccountType": "Standard_LRS"
                },
                "name": "exampleosdiskname",
                "osType": "Linux",
                "vhd": {
                    "uri": ""
                },
                "writeAcceleratorEnabled": "false"
            }
        },
        "subscriptionId": "xxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx",
        "tags": "baz:bash;foo:bar",
        "version": "15.05.22",
        "vmId": "02aab8a4-74ef-476e-8182-f6d2ba4166a6",
        "vmScaleSetName": "crpteste9vflji9",
        "vmSize": "Standard_A3",
        "zone": ""
    },
    "network": {
        "interface": [{
            "ipv4": {
               "ipAddress": [{
                    "privateIpAddress": "10.144.133.132",
                    "publicIpAddress": ""
                }],
                "subnet": [{
                    "address": "10.144.133.128",
                    "prefix": "26"
                }]
            },
            "ipv6": {
                "ipAddress": [
                 ]
            },
            "macAddress": "0011AAFFBB22"
        }]
    }
}

oderRessourcendiagramm

Search-AzGraph -Query "Resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' | limit 1" | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 100

[
  {
    "id": "/subscriptions/<subscriptionId>/resourceGroups/MyResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/ContosoVM1",
    "kind": "",
    "location": "westus2",
    "managedBy": "",
    "name": "ContosoVM1",
    "plan": {},
    "properties": {
      "hardwareProfile": {
        "vmSize": "Standard_B2s"
      },
      "networkProfile": {
        "networkInterfaces": [
          {
            "id": "/subscriptions/<subscriptionId>/MyResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/contosovm1535",
            "resourceGroup": "MyResourceGroup"
          }
        ]
      },
      "osProfile": {
        "adminUsername": "localAdmin",
        "computerName": "ContosoVM1",
        "secrets": [],
        "windowsConfiguration": {
          "enableAutomaticUpdates": true,
          "provisionVMAgent": true
        }
      },
      "provisioningState": "Succeeded",
      "storageProfile": {
        "dataDisks": [],
        "imageReference": {
          "offer": "WindowsServer",
          "publisher": "MicrosoftWindowsServer",
          "sku": "2016-Datacenter",
          "version": "latest"
        },
        "osDisk": {
          "caching": "ReadWrite",
          "createOption": "FromImage",
          "diskSizeGB": 127,
          "managedDisk": {
            "id": "/subscriptions/<subscriptionId>/resourceGroups/MyResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/ContosoVM1_OsDisk_1_9676b7e1b3c44e2cb672338ebe6f5166",
            "resourceGroup": "MyResourceGroup",
            "storageAccountType": "Premium_LRS"
          },
          "name": "ContosoVM1_OsDisk_1_9676b7e1b3c44e2cb672338ebe6f5166",
          "osType": "Windows"
        }
      },
      "vmId": "bbb9b451-6dc7-4117-bec5-c971eb1118c6"
    },
    "resourceGroup": "MyResourceGroup",
    "sku": {},
    "subscriptionId": "<subscriptionId>",
    "tags": {},
    "type": "microsoft.compute/virtualmachines"
  }
]

Führen Sie PowerShell-Skripte in Ihrer Windows-VM mit Run Command aus.mehr Details hier

az vm run-command invoke  --command-id RunPowerShellScript --name win-vm -g my-resource-group \
    --scripts @script.ps1 --parameters "arg1=somefoo" "arg2=somebar"

verwandte Informationen