☰

Bestimmte Unterordner mit Verzeichnisstruktur in einen neuen Ordner kopieren

tag-icon • tag-icon bash
Bestimmte Unterordner mit Verzeichnisstruktur in einen neuen Ordner kopieren

Ich habe folgende Verzeichnisstruktur:

                            Main_Dir
                               |
              -----------------------------------
            Subdir1         Subdir2         Subdir3
               |               |               |
          -----------     -----------     -----------
          |    |    |     |    |    |     |    |    |            
         fo1  fo2  f03   fo1  fo2  f03   fo1  fo2  f03

Ich möchte alle Unterverzeichnisse (Subdir1, Subdir2, Subdir3) in einen neuen Ordner kopieren. Aber wie kopiere ich nur die Ordner fo1 und fo2 an den neuen Ort?

Antwort1

Verwenden rsync:

rsync -av --exclude="f03" /path/to/Main_Dir/ /pth/to/destination

Antwort2

Die beste Option ist die Verwendung von Globs und cpmit der entsprechenden --parentsOption. In Ihrem Fall:

cp -nvr --parents -- Main_Dir/*/fo{1,2} Destination/

Sehen:

gniourf@somewhere$ mkdir -pv Main_Dir/Subdir{1..3}/f{o{1,2},03}
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir1'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir1/fo1'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir1/fo2'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir1/f03'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir2'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir2/fo1'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir2/fo2'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir2/f03'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir3'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir3/fo1'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir3/fo2'
mkdir: created directory `Main_Dir/Subdir3/f03'
gniourf@somewhere$ tree Main_Dir/
Main_Dir/
|-- Subdir1
|   |-- f03
|   |-- fo1
|   `-- fo2
|-- Subdir2
|   |-- f03
|   |-- fo1
|   `-- fo2
`-- Subdir3
    |-- f03
    |-- fo1
    `-- fo2

12 directories, 0 files
gniourf@somewhere$ mkdir Destination
gniourf@somewhere$ cp -nvr --parents -- Main_Dir/*/fo{1,2} Destination/
Main_Dir -> Destination/Main_Dir
Main_Dir/Subdir1 -> Destination/Main_Dir/Subdir1
`Main_Dir/Subdir1/fo1' -> `Destination/Main_Dir/Subdir1/fo1'
Main_Dir/Subdir2 -> Destination/Main_Dir/Subdir2
`Main_Dir/Subdir2/fo1' -> `Destination/Main_Dir/Subdir2/fo1'
Main_Dir/Subdir3 -> Destination/Main_Dir/Subdir3
`Main_Dir/Subdir3/fo1' -> `Destination/Main_Dir/Subdir3/fo1'
`Main_Dir/Subdir1/fo2' -> `Destination/Main_Dir/Subdir1/fo2'
`Main_Dir/Subdir2/fo2' -> `Destination/Main_Dir/Subdir2/fo2'
`Main_Dir/Subdir3/fo2' -> `Destination/Main_Dir/Subdir3/fo2'
gniourf@somewhere$ tree Destination
Destination
`-- Main_Dir
    |-- Subdir1
    |   |-- fo1
    |   `-- fo2
    |-- Subdir2
    |   |-- fo1
    |   `-- fo2
    `-- Subdir3
        |-- fo1
        `-- fo2

10 directories, 0 files
gniourf@somewhere$ # Done!

Stellen Sie sicher, dass Sie die --parentOption mit dem -rSchalter verwenden. Die -vOption, die ich verwendet habe, ist so, dass der Befehl ausführlich ist (er zeigt, was er tut) und die -nOption ist fürkein Klatschum ansonsten vorhandene Dateien nicht zu überschreiben (das verwende ich sehr oft!).

Wenn Sie nicht möchten, Main_Dirdass es im Verzeichnis ist, tun Sie es direkt aus dem Main_Dir heraus:

gniourf@somewhere$ mkdir -p Main_Dir/Subdir{1..3}/f{o{1,2},03} Destination
gniourf@somewhere$ cd Main_Dir/
gniourf@somewhere$ cp -nvr --parents -- */fo{1,2} ../Destination
Subdir1 -> ../Destination/Subdir1
`Subdir1/fo1' -> `../Destination/Subdir1/fo1'
Subdir2 -> ../Destination/Subdir2
`Subdir2/fo1' -> `../Destination/Subdir2/fo1'
Subdir3 -> ../Destination/Subdir3
`Subdir3/fo1' -> `../Destination/Subdir3/fo1'
`Subdir1/fo2' -> `../Destination/Subdir1/fo2'
`Subdir2/fo2' -> `../Destination/Subdir2/fo2'
`Subdir3/fo2' -> `../Destination/Subdir3/fo2'
gniourf@somewhere$ cd ..
gniourf@somewhere$ tree Destination/
Destination/
|-- Subdir1
|   |-- fo1
|   `-- fo2
|-- Subdir2
|   |-- fo1
|   `-- fo2
`-- Subdir3
    |-- fo1
    `-- fo2

9 directories, 0 files
gniourf@somewhere$

Antwort3

In deinem Fall ist es nur möglich, wenn die Ordner fo1, fo2, fo3 unterschiedliche Namen haben, da du nicht drei Ordner mit dem gleichen Namen in einem Ordner haben kannst. Sieht es also so aus:

user@host:~/test/1# find
.
./main
./main/sub1
./main/sub1/fo3
./main/sub1/fo1
./main/sub1/fo2
./main/sub2
./main/sub2/fo6
./main/sub2/fo4
./main/sub2/fo5
./main/sub3
./main/sub3/fo9
./main/sub3/fo8
./main/sub3/fo7

... Sie können (nur die Unterordner) kopieren, indem Sie:

user@host:~/test/1# cp -R main/*/fo* ../2/

Sieht jetzt ../2/so aus:

user@host:~/test/1# cd ../2/
user@host:~/test/2# ls
fo1  fo2  fo3  fo4  fo5  fo6  fo7  fo8  fo9

verwandte Informationen