En este momento estoy usando estas dos consultas WMI para obtener información sobre las unidades de una máquina:
get-wmiObject -Class Win32_LogicalDisk -Namespace root\CIMV2
-Computername $name
get-wmiObject -Class Win32_DiskDrive -Namespace root\CIMV2
-Computername $name
El primero me proporciona ID de dispositivo que se refieren a letras de unidad y luego información sobre esas unidades (incluidos los números de serie de volumen, etc.)
El segundo me proporciona ID de dispositivo que se asignan \\\\.\\PHYSICALDRIVE#e información como el número de serie (parece ser diferente), particiones, índices, puertos/ID scsi, etc.
También he visto cosas como Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartitionque darán cosas como # de disco, # de partición e índice de disco.
Mi pregunta es: ¿hay formas/valores comunes que se puedan consultar donde se verifica si el ID del dispositivo Win32_DiskDriveestá asignado como un volumen en cualquier lugar y cuáles son ese volumen (o esos volúmenes)?
Sé que tiene que haber una manera, hay tantos objetos Win32 que no estoy seguro de qué valor rastrear entre ellos. ¡Cualquier ayuda sería tremendamente útil! Idealmente, me gustaría poder definir una función que llame al nombre de una computadora y enumere todos los dispositivos de disco, todos los volúmenes e indique qué letras de volumen están en cada unidad.
Respuesta1
Powershell/WMI para asignar ID de dispositivos de unidades montadas a letras de volumen
Mi pregunta es: ¿hay formas/valores comunes que se puedan consultar donde se verifica si DeviceID de Win32_DiskDrive está asignado como un volumen en cualquier lugar y cuáles son ese volumen (o esos volúmenes)?
Parecería queClase Win32_Volumees lo que necesitarías usar. Proporciona AMBOS valores de ID de dispositivo y de letra de unidad
Ejemplo de sintaxis de PowerShell 1
get-wmiObject -Class Win32_Volume -Namespace root\CIMV2 | Format-List -Property Name, DriveLetter, __Path, DeviceID
Ejemplo de sintaxis de PowerShell 2
get-wmiObject -Class Win32_Volume -Namespace root\CIMV2
Mi pregunta es: ¿hay formas/valores comunes que se puedan consultar donde se verifica si DeviceID de Win32_DiskDrive está asignado como un volumen en cualquier lugar y cuáles son ese volumen (o esos volúmenes)?
Sé que tiene que haber una manera, hay tantos objetos Win32 que no estoy seguro de qué valor rastrear entre ellos. ¡Cualquier ayuda sería tremendamente útil! Idealmente, me gustaría poder definir una función que llame al nombre de una computadora y enumere todos los dispositivos de disco, todos los volúmenes e indique qué letras de volumen están en cada unidad.
Galería Technet - Powershell
(Proporcione el siguiente script de PowerShell creado como una función como se muestra en la imagen. Puede ejecutarlo localmente o puede ejecutarlo en una máquina remota. Consulte el hipervínculo para obtener detalles completos desde la fuente).
Una vez que cree la función, simplemente ejecute un par de maneras diferentes:
Get-RemoteDiskInformationpresione enter para obtener detalles del disco local y del volumenGet-RemoteDiskInformation -ComputerName <ComputerName>para obtener los detalles del disco y el volumen de un sistema remoto
Lógica de funciones de PowerShell
Function Get-RemoteDiskInformation
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Get inventory data for specified computer systems.
.DESCRIPTION
Gather inventory data for one or more systems using wmi. Data proccessing utilizes multiple runspaces
and supports custom timeout parameters in case of wmi problems. You can optionally include
drive, memory, and network information in the results. You can view verbose information on each
runspace thread in realtime with the -Verbose option.
.PARAMETER ComputerName
Specifies the target computer for data query.
.PARAMETER ThrottleLimit
Specifies the maximum number of systems to inventory simultaneously
.PARAMETER Timeout
Specifies the maximum time in second command can run in background before terminating this thread.
.PARAMETER ShowProgress
Show progress bar information
.PARAMETER PromptForCredential
Prompt for remote system credential prior to processing request.
.PARAMETER Credential
Accept alternate credential (ignored if the localhost is processed)
.EXAMPLE
PS > Get-RemoteDiskInformation -ComputerName test1
Description
-----------
Query and display disk related information about test1
.EXAMPLE
PS > $cred = Get-Credential
PS > Get-RemoteDiskInformation -ComputerName Test1 -Credential $cred
.NOTES
Author:
Zachary Loeber
Version Info:
1.1 - 01/04/2014
- Added missing computername property to diskelements variable
1.0 - 12/13/2013
- Initial release (kind of, this bit of code is modified from a prior function I rolled into an all inclusive system information gathering
function).
.LINK
http://www.the-little-things.net
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
PARAM
(
[Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true,
ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true,
Position=0)]
[ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
[Alias('DNSHostName','PSComputerName')]
[string[]]
$ComputerName=$env:computername,
[Parameter( HelpMessage="Refrain from applying drive space GB/MB/KB pretty formatting.")]
[switch]
$RawDriveData,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Maximum number of concurrent runspaces.")]
[ValidateRange(1,65535)]
[int32]
$ThrottleLimit = 32,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Timeout before a runspaces stops trying to gather the information.")]
[ValidateRange(1,65535)]
[int32]
$Timeout = 120,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Display progress of function.")]
[switch]
$ShowProgress,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Set this if you want the function to prompt for alternate credentials.")]
[switch]
$PromptForCredential,
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Set this if you want to provide your own alternate credentials.")]
[System.Management.Automation.Credential()]
$Credential = [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]::Empty
)
BEGIN
{
# Gather possible local host names and IPs to prevent credential utilization in some cases
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Creating local hostname list'
$IPAddresses = [net.dns]::GetHostAddresses($env:COMPUTERNAME) | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IpAddressToString
$HostNames = $IPAddresses | ForEach-Object {
try {
[net.dns]::GetHostByAddress($_)
} catch {
# We do not care about errors here...
}
} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty HostName -Unique
$LocalHost = @('', '.', 'localhost', $env:COMPUTERNAME, '::1', '127.0.0.1') + $IPAddresses + $HostNames
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Creating initial variables'
$runspacetimers = [HashTable]::Synchronized(@{})
$runspaces = New-Object -TypeName System.Collections.ArrayList
$bgRunspaceCounter = 0
if ($PromptForCredential)
{
$Credential = Get-Credential
}
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Creating Initial Session State'
$iss = [System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.InitialSessionState]::CreateDefault()
foreach ($ExternalVariable in ('runspacetimers', 'Credential', 'LocalHost'))
{
Write-Verbose -Message "Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Adding variable $ExternalVariable to initial session state"
$iss.Variables.Add((New-Object -TypeName System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.SessionStateVariableEntry -ArgumentList $ExternalVariable, (Get-Variable -Name $ExternalVariable -ValueOnly), ''))
}
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Creating runspace pool'
$rp = [System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.RunspaceFactory]::CreateRunspacePool(1, $ThrottleLimit, $iss, $Host)
$rp.ApartmentState = 'STA'
$rp.Open()
# This is the actual code called for each computer
Write-Verbose -Message 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Defining background runspaces scriptblock'
$ScriptBlock =
{
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[Parameter(Position=0)]
[string]
$ComputerName,
[Parameter(Position=1)]
[int]
$bgRunspaceID,
[Parameter(Position=2)]
[switch]
$RawDriveData
)
$runspacetimers.$bgRunspaceID = Get-Date
try
{
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Runspace {0}: Start' -f $ComputerName)
$WMIHast = @{
ComputerName = $ComputerName
ErrorAction = 'Stop'
}
if (($LocalHost -notcontains $ComputerName) -and ($Credential -ne $null))
{
$WMIHast.Credential = $Credential
}
Filter ConvertTo-KMG
{
<#
.Synopsis
Converts byte counts to Byte\KB\MB\GB\TB\PB format
.DESCRIPTION
Accepts an [int64] byte count, and converts to Byte\KB\MB\GB\TB\PB format
with decimal precision of 2
.EXAMPLE
3000 | convertto-kmg
#>
$bytecount = $_
switch ([math]::truncate([math]::log($bytecount,1024)))
{
0 {"$bytecount Bytes"}
1 {"{0:n2} KB" -f ($bytecount / 1kb)}
2 {"{0:n2} MB" -f ($bytecount / 1mb)}
3 {"{0:n2} GB" -f ($bytecount / 1gb)}
4 {"{0:n2} TB" -f ($bytecount / 1tb)}
Default {"{0:n2} PB" -f ($bytecount / 1pb)}
}
}
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Runspace {0}: Disk information' -f $ComputerName)
$WMI_DiskMountProps = @('Name','Label','Caption','Capacity','FreeSpace','Compressed','PageFilePresent','SerialNumber')
# WMI data
$wmi_diskdrives = Get-WmiObject @WMIHast -Class Win32_DiskDrive
$wmi_mountpoints = Get-WmiObject @WMIHast -Class Win32_Volume -Filter "DriveType=3 AND DriveLetter IS NULL" |
Select $WMI_DiskMountProps
$AllDisks = @()
$DiskElements = @('ComputerName','Disk','Model','Partition','Description','PrimaryPartition','VolumeName','Drive','DiskSize','FreeSpace','UsedSpace','PercentFree','PercentUsed','DiskType','SerialNumber')
foreach ($diskdrive in $wmi_diskdrives)
{
$partitionquery = "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID=`"$($diskdrive.DeviceID.replace('\','\\'))`"} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition"
$partitions = @(Get-WmiObject @WMIHast -Query $partitionquery)
foreach ($partition in $partitions)
{
$logicaldiskquery = "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID=`"$($partition.DeviceID)`"} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition"
$logicaldisks = @(Get-WmiObject @WMIHast -Query $logicaldiskquery)
foreach ($logicaldisk in $logicaldisks)
{
$PercentFree = [math]::round((($logicaldisk.FreeSpace/$logicaldisk.Size)*100), 2)
$UsedSpace = ($logicaldisk.Size - $logicaldisk.FreeSpace)
$diskprops = @{
ComputerName = $ComputerName
Disk = $diskdrive.Name
Model = $diskdrive.Model
Partition = $partition.Name
Description = $partition.Description
PrimaryPartition = $partition.PrimaryPartition
VolumeName = $logicaldisk.VolumeName
Drive = $logicaldisk.Name
DiskSize = if ($RawDriveData) { $logicaldisk.Size } else { $logicaldisk.Size | ConvertTo-KMG }
FreeSpace = if ($RawDriveData) { $logicaldisk.FreeSpace } else { $logicaldisk.FreeSpace | ConvertTo-KMG }
UsedSpace = if ($RawDriveData) { $UsedSpace } else { $UsedSpace | ConvertTo-KMG }
PercentFree = $PercentFree
PercentUsed = [math]::round((100 - $PercentFree),2)
DiskType = 'Partition'
SerialNumber = $diskdrive.SerialNumber
}
Write-Output (New-Object psobject -Property $diskprops | Select $DiskElements)
}
}
}
# Mountpoints are weird so we do them seperate.
if ($wmi_mountpoints)
{
foreach ($mountpoint in $wmi_mountpoints)
{
$PercentFree = [math]::round((($mountpoint.FreeSpace/$mountpoint.Capacity)*100), 2)
$UsedSpace = ($mountpoint.Capacity - $mountpoint.FreeSpace)
$diskprops = @{
ComputerName = $ComputerName
Disk = $mountpoint.Name
Model = ''
Partition = ''
Description = $mountpoint.Caption
PrimaryPartition = ''
VolumeName = ''
VolumeSerialNumber = ''
Drive = [Regex]::Match($mountpoint.Caption, "(^.:)").Value
DiskSize = if ($RawDriveData) { $mountpoint.Capacity } else { $mountpoint.Capacity | ConvertTo-KMG }
FreeSpace = if ($RawDriveData) { $mountpoint.FreeSpace } else { $mountpoint.FreeSpace | ConvertTo-KMG }
UsedSpace = if ($RawDriveData) { $UsedSpace } else { $UsedSpace | ConvertTo-KMG }
PercentFree = $PercentFree
PercentUsed = [math]::round((100 - $PercentFree),2)
DiskType = 'MountPoint'
SerialNumber = $mountpoint.SerialNumber
}
Write-Output (New-Object psobject -Property $diskprops | Select $DiskElements)
}
}
}
catch
{
Write-Warning -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: {0}: {1}' -f $ComputerName, $_.Exception.Message)
}
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Runspace {0}: End' -f $ComputerName)
}
function Get-Result
{
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[switch]$Wait
)
do
{
$More = $false
foreach ($runspace in $runspaces)
{
$StartTime = $runspacetimers[$runspace.ID]
if ($runspace.Handle.isCompleted)
{
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Thread done for {0}' -f $runspace.IObject)
$runspace.PowerShell.EndInvoke($runspace.Handle)
$runspace.PowerShell.Dispose()
$runspace.PowerShell = $null
$runspace.Handle = $null
}
elseif ($runspace.Handle -ne $null)
{
$More = $true
}
if ($Timeout -and $StartTime)
{
if ((New-TimeSpan -Start $StartTime).TotalSeconds -ge $Timeout -and $runspace.PowerShell)
{
Write-Warning -Message ('Timeout {0}' -f $runspace.IObject)
$runspace.PowerShell.Dispose()
$runspace.PowerShell = $null
$runspace.Handle = $null
}
}
}
if ($More -and $PSBoundParameters['Wait'])
{
Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 100
}
foreach ($threat in $runspaces.Clone())
{
if ( -not $threat.handle)
{
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Removing {0} from runspaces' -f $threat.IObject)
$runspaces.Remove($threat)
}
}
if ($ShowProgress)
{
$ProgressSplatting = @{
Activity = 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Getting asset info'
Status = '{0} of {1} total threads done' -f ($bgRunspaceCounter - $runspaces.Count), $bgRunspaceCounter
PercentComplete = ($bgRunspaceCounter - $runspaces.Count) / $bgRunspaceCounter * 100
}
Write-Progress @ProgressSplatting
}
}
while ($More -and $PSBoundParameters['Wait'])
}
}
PROCESS
{
foreach ($Computer in $ComputerName)
{
$bgRunspaceCounter++
$psCMD = [System.Management.Automation.PowerShell]::Create().AddScript($ScriptBlock)
$null = $psCMD.AddParameter('bgRunspaceID',$bgRunspaceCounter)
$null = $psCMD.AddParameter('ComputerName',$Computer)
$null = $psCMD.AddParameter('RawDriveData',$RawDriveData)
$null = $psCMD.AddParameter('Verbose',$VerbosePreference) # Passthrough the hidden verbose option so write-verbose works within the runspaces
$psCMD.RunspacePool = $rp
Write-Verbose -Message ('Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Starting {0}' -f $Computer)
[void]$runspaces.Add(@{
Handle = $psCMD.BeginInvoke()
PowerShell = $psCMD
IObject = $Computer
ID = $bgRunspaceCounter
})
Get-Result
}
}
END
{
Get-Result -Wait
if ($ShowProgress)
{
Write-Progress -Activity 'Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Getting asset info' -Status 'Done' -Completed
}
Write-Verbose -Message "Get-RemoteDiskInformation: Closing runspace pool"
$rp.Close()
$rp.Dispose()
}
}
Probablemente podría ampliar esta función con un poco de prueba y lectura para obtener más detalles de otras clases y valores de WMI para conectar; A continuación se muestran algunos que encontré que brindan buenos detalles relacionados con su consulta como punto de partida para esa tarea.
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_Volume | Select-Object -Property *
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_DiskDrive | Select-Object -Property *
Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_DiskPartition | Select-Object -Property *
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_LogicalDisk | Select-Object -Property *
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition | Select-Object -Property *