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¿Por qué aparece un espacio en blanco en la parte inferior de mi diagrama?

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf standalone
¿Por qué aparece un espacio en blanco en la parte inferior de mi diagrama?

Tengo este código:

\documentclass[tikz}]{standalone}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,positioning,fit,calc,decorations,decorations.text,}
\begin{document}
\sffamily
\begin{tikzpicture}[
        white,
        ultra thick,
        planet/.style = {draw,fill,circle,inner sep=#1},
        circle label/.style = {
            postaction={
                decoration={
                    text along path,
                    text = {#1},
                    text align=center,
                    text color=white,
                    reverse path,
                },
            decorate,
        }
        }
    ]
    \filldraw[black] (-15,-3) rectangle (15,15);
    \node[rectangle, ] at (0, 13) {\color{white} \fontsize{25}{58}\selectfont LES {\'E}TOILES LES PLUS PROCHES DU SOLEIL};
    \path[circle label={Nuage d'Oort}] (0,-1.2) arc (-90:360-90:1.3);
    \draw[dotted] (0,0) circle (1.18596338615);

        \foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
            \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (0,-\i-.2) arc (-90:360-90:\i+.2);
    }
    \draw (0,0) circle (3);
    \draw ([shift=(-30:6cm)]0,0) arc (-30:210:6cm);
    \draw ([shift=(-19.47:9cm)]0,0) arc (-19.47:199.47:9cm);

    \node[yellow,planet=3pt,label={Soleil}] at (0,0) {};

    \node(proxima)[red,planet=3pt] at (44:6.363) {};
     \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of proxima] {Proxima Centauri.\newline(distance 1917)};

    \node[yellow,planet=4pt,label={[text width=2.5cm,align=center]Alpha Centauri.\ (distanse 1917)}] at (50:6.54735) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt] at (54:9.75) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt, label={[text width=2.7cm,align=center]WISE 1049-5319.\ (distanse 2013)}] at (57:9.75) {};

    \node(bernard)[red,planet=3pt] at (130:8.94435) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, left = 0.05 of bernard] {{É}toile de Barnard.\ (distanse 1916)};

    \node(wise)[red,planet=3pt] at (110:10.7625) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of wise] {WISE 0855–0714.\newline(distanse 2014)};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Y me sale esto:

ingrese la descripción de la imagen aquí

El problema es el espacio en blanco debajo de mi figura. Pensé que eso standaloneincluiría solo la figura. ¿Cómo eliminar este espacio en blanco?

Respuesta1

Tu problema radica en estas líneas.

\foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
    \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (0,-\i-.2) arc (-90:360-90:\i+.2);
}

Debido a esto, el cuadro delimitador se extiende a continuación.

ingrese la descripción de la imagen aquí

Cambie esas líneas a

    \foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
        \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (\i+0.2,0) arc (0:180:\i+.2);
}

ingrese la descripción de la imagen aquí

Código completo:

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,positioning,fit,calc,decorations,decorations.text}
\begin{document}
\sffamily
\begin{tikzpicture}[
        white,
        ultra thick,
        planet/.style = {draw,fill,circle,inner sep=#1},
        circle label/.style = {
            postaction={
                decoration={
                    text along path,
                    text = {#1},
                    text align=center,
                    text color=white,
                    reverse path,
                },
            decorate,
        }
        }
    ]
    \filldraw[black] (-15,-3) rectangle (15,15);
    \node[rectangle,text=white,font=\fontsize{25}{58}\selectfont ] at (0, 13) {LES {\'E}TOILES LES PLUS PROCHES DU SOLEIL};
    \path[circle label={Nuage d'Oort}] (0,-1.2) arc (-90:360-90:1.3);
    \draw[dotted] (0,0) circle (1.18596338615);

        \foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
            \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (\i+0.2,0) arc (0:180:\i+.2);
    }
    \draw (0,0) circle (3);
    \draw ([shift=(-30:6cm)]0,0) arc (-30:210:6cm);
    \draw ([shift=(-19.47:9cm)]0,0) arc (-19.47:199.47:9cm);

    \node[yellow,planet=3pt,label={Soleil}] at (0,0) {};

    \node(proxima)[red,planet=3pt] at (44:6.363) {};
     \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of proxima] {Proxima Centauri.\newline(distance 1917)};

    \node[yellow,planet=4pt,label={[text width=2.5cm,align=center]Alpha Centauri.\ (distanse 1917)}] at (50:6.54735) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt] at (54:9.75) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt, label={[text width=2.7cm,align=center]WISE 1049-5319.\ (distanse 2013)}] at (57:9.75) {};

    \node(bernard)[red,planet=3pt] at (130:8.94435) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, left = 0.05 of bernard] {{É}toile de Barnard.\ (distanse 1916)};

    \node(wise)[red,planet=3pt] at (110:10.7625) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of wise] {WISE 0855–0714.\newline(distanse 2014)};
%\draw[thick,red] (current bounding box.south west) rectangle (current bounding box.north east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Respuesta2

Puedes recortar el rectángulo que usas como fondo:

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,positioning,fit,calc,decorations,decorations.text,}
\begin{document}
\sffamily
\begin{tikzpicture}[
        white,
        ultra thick,
        planet/.style = {draw,fill,circle,inner sep=#1},
        circle label/.style = {
            postaction={
                decoration={
                    text along path,
                    text = {#1},
                    text align=center,
                    text color=white,
                    reverse path,
                },
            decorate,
        }
        }
    ]
    \clip (-15,-3) rectangle (15,15);
    \filldraw[black] (-15,-3) rectangle (15,15);
    \node[rectangle, ] at (0, 13) {\color{white} \fontsize{25}{58}\selectfont LES {\'E}TOILES LES PLUS PROCHES DU SOLEIL};
    \path[circle label={Nuage d'Oort}] (0,-1.2) arc (-90:360-90:1.3);
    \draw[dotted] (0,0) circle (1.18596338615);

        \foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
            \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (0,-\i-.2) arc (-90:360-90:\i+.2);
    }
    \draw (0,0) circle (3);
    \draw ([shift=(-30:6cm)]0,0) arc (-30:210:6cm);
    \draw ([shift=(-19.47:9cm)]0,0) arc (-19.47:199.47:9cm);

    \node[yellow,planet=3pt,label={Soleil}] at (0,0) {};

    \node(proxima)[red,planet=3pt] at (44:6.363) {};
     \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of proxima] {Proxima Centauri.\newline(distance 1917)};

    \node[yellow,planet=4pt,label={[text width=2.5cm,align=center]Alpha Centauri.\ (distanse 1917)}] at (50:6.54735) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt] at (54:9.75) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt, label={[text width=2.7cm,align=center]WISE 1049-5319.\ (distanse 2013)}] at (57:9.75) {};

    \node(bernard)[red,planet=3pt] at (130:8.94435) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, left = 0.05 of bernard] {{É}toile de Barnard.\ (distanse 1916)};

    \node(wise)[red,planet=3pt] at (110:10.7625) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of wise] {WISE 0855–0714.\newline(distanse 2014)};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Cortado

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