Agregar una línea vertical entre letras en diferentes filas. bases de secuencia de ADN

Question

¿Alguien sabe cómo componer la siguiente secuencia dúplex de ADN en LaTeX?

Me gustaría agregar una línea vertical entre las bases (letras) como en esta imagen.

Gracias

Aquí está el otro ejemplo:

Answer 1

Aquí hay una versión que usa la secuencia de ADN, la divide en bases y también realiza el complemento, cada una almacenada en una expl3variable \seq.

La visualización se realiza con TikZla construcción de nodos, los marcadores de extremo 5'y 3'se agregan más adelante.

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{xparse}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

\ExplSyntaxOn
\cs_generate_variant:Nn \tl_item:Nn {Nx}

\seq_new:N \l_jpaul_dna_seq
\seq_new:N \l_jpaul_complement_seq

\cs_new:Npn \splitdnaseq #1 {%
  \seq_set_split:Nnn \l_jpaul_dna_seq {} {#1}
  \tl_set:Nn \l_tmpa_tl {#1}
  % Building DNA complement strand
  \tl_replace_all:Nnn \l_tmpa_tl {A} {Q}
  \tl_replace_all:Nnn \l_tmpa_tl {T} {A}
  \tl_replace_all:Nnn \l_tmpa_tl {Q} {T}
  \tl_replace_all:Nnn \l_tmpa_tl {C} {Q}
  \tl_replace_all:Nnn \l_tmpa_tl {G} {C}
  \tl_replace_all:Nnn \l_tmpa_tl {Q} {G}
  % Splitting again and storing to the complement seq
  \seq_set_split:NnV \l_jpaul_complement_seq {} {\l_tmpa_tl}
}

\cs_new:Npn \lengthdna {
  \seq_count:N \l_jpaul_dna_seq
}

\cs_new:Npn \dnaitem #1 {%
  \seq_item:Nn \l_jpaul_dna_seq {#1}
}

\cs_new:Npn \complementitem #1 {%
  \seq_item:Nn \l_jpaul_complement_seq {#1}
}
\ExplSyntaxOff

\NewDocumentCommand{\displaydnaseq}{O{0.2}+m}{%
  \begingroup
  \def\factor{#1}
  \splitdnaseq{#2}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[red] (5primeleft) at (-\factor,0) {$5'$};
    \foreach \x in {1,...,\lengthdna} {%
      \node[font=\ttfamily,red] (base\x) at (\factor*\x,0)       {\dnaitem{\x}};
      \node[font=\ttfamily,blue] (compbase\x) at (\factor*\x,-1) {\complementitem{\x}};
      \draw[line width=0.7pt] (base\x) -- (compbase\x);
    }
    \node[font=\bfseries,outer sep=0pt,inner sep=0pt,red,right] (3primeright) at ($(base\lengthdna) + (\factor,0)$) {$3'$};
    \node[blue] (3primeleft) at (-\factor,-1) {$3'$};
    \node[font=\bfseries,outer sep=0pt,inner sep=0pt,blue,right] (5primeright) at ($(compbase\lengthdna) + (\factor,0)$) {$5'$};
  \end{tikzpicture}
  \endgroup
}


\begin{document}
\displaydnaseq{TGAATCATTAGCATAG}
\end{document}

Answer 2

Dado que la parte inferior está determinada por la parte superior, basta con especificar uno de ellos. Elegí la parte superior.

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{xparse}
\usepackage{xcolor,booktabs}

\ExplSyntaxOn
\NewDocumentCommand{\duplexsequence}{mmm}
 {
  \mbox
   {
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{0}
    \jpaul_ds_duplexsequence:nnn { #1 } { #2 } { #3 }
   }
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_duplexsequence:nnn
 {
  \jpaul_ds_lr:nn { #1 } { #2 }
  \hspace{1em}
  \tl_map_function:nN { #3 } \jpaul_ds_pair:n
  \hspace{1em}
  \jpaul_ds_lr:nn { #2 } { #1 }
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_pair:n
 {
  \begin{tabular}{@{}c@{}}
  \jpaul_ds_top:n { #1 } \\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  $|$ \\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  \jpaul_ds_bottom:n { #1 }
  \end{tabular}
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_top:n
 {
  \textcolor{top}{#1}
 }
\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_bottom:n
 {
  \textcolor{bottom}
   {
    \str_case:nn { #1 }
     {
      {T}{A}
      {A}{T}
      {C}{G}
      {G}{C}
     }
   }
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_lr:nn
 {
  \begin{tabular}{@{}c@{}}
  \smash{\textcolor{top}{#1}}\vphantom{T}\\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  \phantom{$|$}\\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  \smash{\textcolor{bottom}{#2}}\vphantom{T}
  \end{tabular}
 }
\ExplSyntaxOff

\definecolor{top}{RGB}{199,17,34}
\definecolor{bottom}{RGB}{0,39,160}

\begin{document}

\duplexsequence{5$'$}{3$'$}{TGAATCATTAGCATAG}

\end{document}

La idea es simple: mapear la secuencia, construyendo una tabla para cada elemento. No muy eficiente, pero sí efectivo.

Una versión que permite prefijos y sufijos en la fila superior:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{xparse}
\usepackage{xcolor,booktabs}

\ExplSyntaxOn
\NewDocumentCommand{\duplexsequence}{mO{}mO{}m}
 {
  \mbox
   {
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{0}
    \jpaul_ds_duplexsequence:nnnnn { #1 } { #2 } { #3 } { #4 } { #5 }
   }
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_duplexsequence:nnnnn
 {% #1 is the number on the left
  % #2 is the optional prefix
  % #3 is the number on the right
  % #4 is the optional postfix
  % #5 is the top sequence
  \jpaul_ds_left:nnn { #1 } { #2 } { #3 }
  \tl_map_function:nN { #5 } \jpaul_ds_pair:n
  \jpaul_ds_right:nnn { #3 } { #4 } { #1 }
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_pair:n
 {
  \begin{tabular}{@{}c@{}}
  \jpaul_ds_top:n { #1 } \\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  $|$ \\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  \jpaul_ds_bottom:n { #1 }
  \end{tabular}
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_top:n
 {
  \textcolor{top}{#1}
 }
\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_bottom:n
 {
  \textcolor{bottom}
   {
    \str_case:nn { #1 }
     {
      {T}{A}
      {A}{T}
      {C}{G}
      {G}{C}
     }
   }
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_left:nnn
 {
  \begin{tabular}{@{}r@{}}
  \smash{\textcolor{top}{#1\quad#2}}\vphantom{T}\\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  \phantom{$|$}\\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  \smash{\textcolor{bottom}{#3\quad}}\vphantom{T}
  \end{tabular}
 }
\cs_new_protected:Nn \jpaul_ds_right:nnn
 {
  \begin{tabular}{@{}l@{}}
  \smash{\textcolor{top}{#2\quad#1}}\vphantom{T}\\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  \phantom{$|$}\\\addlinespace[.6ex]
  \smash{\textcolor{bottom}{\quad#3}}\vphantom{T}
  \end{tabular}
 }
\ExplSyntaxOff

\definecolor{top}{RGB}{199,17,34}
\definecolor{bottom}{RGB}{0,39,160}

\begin{document}

\duplexsequence{5$'$}{3$'$}{TGAATCATTAGCATAG}

\bigskip

\duplexsequence{5$'$}[SH-(sp18)-]{3$'$}{TGAATCATTAGCATAG}

\bigskip

\duplexsequence{5$'$}{3$'$}[-(sp18)-SH]{TGAATCATTAGCATAG}

\bigskip

\duplexsequence{5$'$}[SH-(sp18)-]{3$'$}[-(sp18)-SH]{TGAATCATTAGCATAG}

\end{document}