Dibujar un diagrama de modelo en LaTeX usando TikZ

Question

Necesito dibujar el siguiente diagrama usando el paquete TikZ en LaTeX

Escribí el siguiente código hasta ahora pero el resultado es realmente malo.

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathmorphing} % noisy shapes
\usetikzlibrary{fit}                    % fitting shapes to coordinates
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}    % drawing the background after the foreground
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\tikzstyle{measurement}=[circle, thick, minimum size=1.2cm, draw=orange!50, fill=orange!20]
\tikzstyle{input}=[circle, thick, minimum size=1.2cm, draw=purple!50, fill=purple!20]
\tikzstyle{noise}=[circle, thick, minimum size=1.2cm, draw=yellow!50, fill=yellow!20]
\tikzstyle{matrx}=[circle, thick, minimum size=1.2cm, draw=violet!50, fill=violet!20]
\tikzstyle{arrow} = [thick,->,>=stealth]
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,text height=1.5ex,text depth=0.25ex]
\matrix[row sep=0.5cm,column sep=0.75cm] {
% First line
&
    \node (a_1)         {$\theta_1$};           &
    \node (b_1) {$\mu_1$}; &
    &
    \node (c_1)   {$\mu_1$};     &
    &
    \node (d_1) {$\mu_1$}; &
    \node (e_1)         {};           \\       
% Second line
&
    \node (p_1)         {$\Lambda_1$};           &
    \node (S_1) [input]{$\mathbf{S}_{1}$}; &
    &
    \node (I_1)   [input]{$\mathbf{I}_{1}$};     &
    &
    \node (A_1) [input]{$\mathbf{A}_{1}$}; &
    \node (q_1)         {$\delta_1$};           \\   
% Third line
&
    \node (a_2)         {$\theta_2$};           &
    \node (b_2) {$\mu_2$}; &
    &
    \node (c_2)   {$\mu_2$};     &
    &
    \node (d_2) {$\mu_2$}; &
    \node (e_2)         {};           \\     
% Fourth line         
    &
    \node (p_2)         {$\Lambda_2$};           &
    \node (S_2) [measurement] {$\mathbf{S}_{2}$}; &
    &
    \node (I_2)   [measurement] {$\mathbf{I}_{2}$};     &
    &
    \node (A_2) [measurement] {$\mathbf{A}_{2}$}; &
   \node (q_2)         {$\delta_2$};           \\
% Fifth line
&
    \node (a_3)         {$\theta_3$};           &
    \node (b_3) {$\mu_3$}; &
    &
    \node (c_3)   {$\mu_3$};     &
    &
    \node (d_3) {$\mu_3$}; &
    \node (e_3)         {};           \\     
% Sixth line 
    &
    \node (p_3)         {$\Lambda_3$};           &
    \node (S_3) [matrx] {$\mathbf{S}_{3}$}; &
    &
    \node (I_3)   [matrx] {$\mathbf{I}_{3}$};     &
    &
    \node (A_3) [matrx] {$\mathbf{A}_{3}$}; &
   \node (q_3)         {$\delta_3$};           \\  
% Seventh line
&
    \node (a_4)         {$\theta_4$};           &
    \node (b_4) {$\mu_4$}; &
    &
    \node (c_4)   {$\mu_4$};     &
    &
    \node (d_4) {$\mu_4$}; &
    \node (e_4)         {};           \\     
% Eigth line         
    &
    \node (p_4)         {$\Lambda_4$};           &
    \node (S_4) [noise] {$\mathbf{S}_{4}$}; &
    &
    \node (I_4)   [noise] {$\mathbf{I}_{4}$};     &
    &
    \node (A_4) [noise] {$\mathbf{A}_{4}$}; &
   \node (q_4)         {$\delta_4$};           \\
 };
\draw [arrow] (S_1) -- node[anchor=south] {$\lambda_1(t)$} (I_1);
\draw [arrow] (I_1) -- node[anchor=south] {$\gamma_1$} (A_1);
\draw [arrow] (S_2) -- node[anchor=south] {$\lambda_2(t)$} (I_2);
\draw [arrow] (I_2) -- node[anchor=south] {$\gamma_2$} (A_2);
\draw [arrow] (S_4) -- node[anchor=south] {$\lambda_4(t)$} (I_4);
\draw [arrow] (I_4) -- node[anchor=south] {$\gamma_4$} (A_4);
\draw [arrow] (S_3) -- node[anchor=south] {$\lambda_3(t)$} (I_3);
\draw [arrow] (I_3) -- node[anchor=south] {$\gamma_3$} (A_3);
\draw [->]     
% edge 1     
    (p_1) edge[thick] (S_1)
    (S_1) edge[thick] (I_1)
    (I_1) edge[thick] (A_1)
    (A_1) edge[thick] (q_1)        
    (S_1) edge[thick] (a_1)
    (S_1) edge[thick] (b_1) 
    (I_1) edge[thick] (c_1) 
    (A_1) edge[thick] (d_1) 
% edge 2           
    (p_2) edge[thick] (S_2)
    (S_2) edge[thick] (I_2)
    (I_2) edge[thick] (A_2)  
    (A_2) edge[thick] (q_2)
    (S_2) edge[thick] (a_2)
    (S_2) edge[thick] (b_2) 
    (I_2) edge[thick] (c_2) 
    (A_2) edge[thick] (d_2)
% edge 3    
    (p_3) edge[thick] (S_3)
    (S_3) edge[thick] (I_3)
    (I_3) edge[thick] (A_3)
    (A_3) edge[thick] (q_3)        
    (S_3) edge[thick] (a_3)
    (S_3) edge[thick] (b_3) 
    (I_3) edge[thick] (c_3) 
    (A_3) edge[thick] (d_3)   
% edge 4    
    (p_4) edge[thick] (S_4)
    (S_4) edge[thick] (I_4)
    (I_4) edge[thick] (A_4)
    (A_4) edge[thick] (q_4)        
    (S_4) edge[thick] (a_4)
    (S_4) edge[thick] (b_4) 
    (I_4) edge[thick] (c_4) 
    (A_4) edge[thick] (d_4)
% edge connecting S_2 and S_3
    (S_2) edge[thick] (S_3) 
    (S_3) edge[thick] (S_2);
 \draw[bend right=160, ->]
    (S_1) edge[thick] (S_4)
    (S_4) edge[thick] (S_1);
\draw[dashed] 
    (I_1) edge[thick] (S_2)
    (I_2) edge[thick] (S_1)
    (I_4) edge[thick] (S_3)
    (I_3) edge[thick] (S_4);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

¿Alguien puede ayudar a dibujar ese diagrama de bloques?
¡Gracias!

Answer 1

¿Algo como esto?

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\tikzset{measurement/.style={circle, thick, minimum size=1.2cm, draw=orange!50, fill=orange!20},
input/.style={circle, thick, minimum size=1.2cm, draw=purple!50, fill=purple!20},
noise/.style={circle, thick, minimum size=1.2cm, draw=yellow!50, fill=yellow!20},
matrx/.style={circle, thick, minimum size=1.2cm, draw=violet!50, fill=violet!20},
arrow/.style={thick,->,>=stealth}}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,text height=1.5ex,text depth=0.25ex]
\matrix[row sep=4em,column sep=0.75cm] (mat) {
% First line
&
    \node (p_1)         {$\Lambda_1$};           &
    \node (S_1) [input]{$\mathbf{S}_{1}$}; &
    &
    \node (I_1)   [input]{$\mathbf{I}_{1}$};     &
    &
    \node (A_1) [input]{$\mathbf{A}_{1}$}; \\   
% Second line
    &
    \node (p_2)         {$\Lambda_2$};           &
    \node (S_2) [measurement] {$\mathbf{S}_{2}$}; &
    &
    \node (I_2)   [measurement] {$\mathbf{I}_{2}$};     &
    &
    \node (A_2) [measurement] {$\mathbf{A}_{2}$}; \\
% Third line 
    &
    \node (p_3)         {$\Lambda_3$};           &
    \node (S_3) [matrx] {$\mathbf{S}_{3}$}; &
    &
    \node (I_3)   [matrx] {$\mathbf{I}_{3}$};     &
    &
    \node (A_3) [matrx] {$\mathbf{A}_{3}$};  \\  
% fourth         
    &
    \node (p_4)         {$\Lambda_4$};           &
    \node (S_4) [noise] {$\mathbf{S}_{4}$}; &
    &
    \node (I_4)   [noise] {$\mathbf{I}_{4}$};     &
    &
    \node (A_4) [noise] {$\mathbf{A}_{4}$}; \\
 };
\begin{scope}[arrow]
 \foreach \X in {1,...,4} 
 {\draw (S_\X.110) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$e_\X$};
  \draw (S_\X.70) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$\mu_\X$};
  \draw (I_\X.90) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$\mu_\X$};
  \draw (A_\X.110) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$\delta_\X$};
  \draw (A_\X.70) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$\mu_\X$};
  \draw (p_\X) -- (S_\X);
  \draw (S_\X) -- (I_\X) node[midway,above]{$\lambda_\X(t)$};
  \draw (I_\X) -- (A_\X) node[midway,above]{$\gamma_\X$};
 }
 \draw (S_4.-135) -- ++ (-3,0) |- (S_1.135) node[pos=0.25,left]{$d_3$};
 \draw (S_1.-135) -- ++ (-2.1,0) |- (S_4.135) node[pos=0.25,right]{$d_4$};
 \draw (S_3.135) to[bend left]  node[pos=0.5,left]{$d_1$} (S_2.-135);
 \draw (S_2.-45) to[bend left]  node[pos=0.5,right]{$d_2$} (S_3.45);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

Como ves, tengo

1. sacó alguna repetición de la matriz;
2. agregó algunas conexiones;
3. reemplazado \tikzstylepor la sintaxis correspondiente \tikzset, ya que el primero está en desuso;
4. eliminó las bibliotecas que no estaban en uso.

El código se puede condensar un poco más con chains.

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{chains,quotes}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,text height=1.5ex,text depth=0.25ex,
every join/.append style={arrow},node distance=1.8cm,
basic/.style={circle, thick, minimum size=1.2cm},
arrow/.style={thick,->,>=stealth}]
\edef\LstColors{{"white","orange","purple","yellow","violet"}}
\foreach \X in {1,...,4}
{\pgfmathsetmacro{\mycolor}{\LstColors[\X]}
\begin{scope}[start chain=going right]
 \node[on chain] (p_\X) at (0,-2.5*\X)        {$\Lambda_\X$};           
 \node [basic,draw=\mycolor!50,fill=\mycolor!20,node distance=0.9cm,on chain,join] (S_\X) {$\mathbf{S}_{\X}$}; 
 \node [basic,draw=\mycolor!50,fill=\mycolor!20,on chain,join=by {"$\lambda_\X(t)$"}] (I_\X) {$\mathbf{I}_{\X}$};     
 \node [basic,draw=\mycolor!50,fill=\mycolor!20,on chain,join=by {"$\gamma_\X$"}] (A_\X) {$\mathbf{A}_{\X}$};
 \begin{scope}[arrow]
  \draw (S_\X.115) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$e_\X$};
  \draw (S_\X.65) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$\mu_\X$};
  \draw (I_\X.90) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$\mu_\X$};
  \draw (A_\X.115) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$\delta_\X$};
  \draw (A_\X.65) -- ++ (0,0.5) node[above]{$\mu_\X$};
 \end{scope}
\end{scope}
}
\begin{scope}[arrow]
 \draw (S_4.-135) -- ++ (-3,0) |- (S_1.135) node[pos=0.25,left]{$d_3$};
 \draw (S_1.-135) -- ++ (-2.1,0) |- (S_4.135) node[pos=0.25,right]{$d_4$};
 \draw (S_3.135) to[bend left]  node[pos=0.5,left]{$d_1$} (S_2.-135);
 \draw (S_2.-45) to[bend left]  node[pos=0.5,right]{$d_2$} (S_3.45);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}