varillas simétricas con flechas

Question

Deseo tener un gráfico como el siguiente en el que xse muestran dos varillas con longitudes y ángulos específicos con el eje y un círculo en el origen. Además, dos flechas que se muestran en el origen. Si puedo trazar esta imagen esquemática, Tikzpodré proporcionar varias preguntas de mi tarea en un estilo muy pintoresco.

Answer 1

Nada de esto es particularmente complicado. La dimlinecosa es deaquí. Podrías usarlo siunitxpara componer las dimensiones y el ángulo.

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,decorations.pathreplacing,angles,quotes}
\newif\ifdrawdimlineleft
\newif\ifdrawdimlineright
\tikzset{dimlabel distance/.initial=5mm,
vertical lines extend/.initial=5mm,
vertical dim line/.style={gray,thin},
dim arrow line/.style={latex-latex,thin},
dim label/.style={},
left dimline/.is if=drawdimlineleft,
left dimline=true,
right dimline/.is if=drawdimlineright,
right dimline=true,
indicate dimensions/.style={decorate,decoration={
show path construction,
lineto code={
\draw[dim arrow line]
    ($ (\tikzinputsegmentfirst)!\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/dimlabel distance}!-90:(\tikzinputsegmentlast) $) -- ($ (\tikzinputsegmentlast)!\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/dimlabel distance}!90:(\tikzinputsegmentfirst) $)
 \ifx#1\empty
 \else
 node[midway,sloped,fill=white,dim label]{#1}
 \fi;
\ifdrawdimlineleft
\draw[vertical dim line] (\tikzinputsegmentfirst) -- 
($ (\tikzinputsegmentfirst)!\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/vertical lines
extend}!-90:(\tikzinputsegmentlast) $);
\fi
\ifdrawdimlineright
\draw[vertical dim line]    (\tikzinputsegmentlast) -- 
    ($ (\tikzinputsegmentlast)!\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/vertical lines extend}!90:(\tikzinputsegmentfirst) $); 
\fi 
}}}}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
 \draw[thick,-stealth] (-5,0) -- (5,0) coordinate(x) node[below]{$\mu$};
 \draw[thick,-stealth] (0,-5) -- (0,3) node[left]{$y$};
  \draw[dashed] (-30:3) coordinate(A) -- (0,0) coordinate(O) ;
 \draw[dashed,postaction={indicate dimensions={$L_1=2.5\,$m},
        dim arrow line/.append style={solid}}]  (O) -- (-120:2.5) coordinate(B);
 \draw[thick]  (A) -- ++(-30:3);
 \draw[thick,postaction={indicate dimensions={$L_2=3\,$m},
        dim arrow line/.append style={solid}}]  (B) -- ++ (-120:3);
 \draw[thick,red,-stealth] (O) -- (60:1.5);
 \draw[thick,red,-stealth] (O) -- (150:1.5);
 \pic [draw,green!60!black,angle radius=1cm,angle eccentricity=1.4,
 "$30^\circ$"] {angle = A--O--x};
\end{tikzpicture}  
\end{document}

Podría tener sentido aquí rotar todo en un alcance.

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,decorations.pathreplacing,angles,quotes}
\newif\ifdrawdimlineleft
\newif\ifdrawdimlineright
\tikzset{dimlabel distance/.initial=5mm,
vertical lines extend/.initial=5mm,
vertical dim line/.style={gray,thin},
dim arrow line/.style={latex-latex,thin},
dim label/.style={},
left dimline/.is if=drawdimlineleft,
left dimline=true,
right dimline/.is if=drawdimlineright,
right dimline=true,
indicate dimensions/.style={decorate,decoration={
show path construction,
lineto code={
\draw[dim arrow line]
    ($ (\tikzinputsegmentfirst)!\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/dimlabel distance}!-90:(\tikzinputsegmentlast) $) -- ($ (\tikzinputsegmentlast)!\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/dimlabel distance}!90:(\tikzinputsegmentfirst) $)
 \ifx#1\empty
 \else
 node[midway,sloped,fill=white,dim label]{#1}
 \fi;
\ifdrawdimlineleft
\draw[vertical dim line] (\tikzinputsegmentfirst) -- 
($ (\tikzinputsegmentfirst)!\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/vertical lines
extend}!-90:(\tikzinputsegmentlast) $);
\fi
\ifdrawdimlineright
\draw[vertical dim line]    (\tikzinputsegmentlast) -- 
    ($ (\tikzinputsegmentlast)!\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/vertical lines extend}!90:(\tikzinputsegmentfirst) $); 
\fi 
}}}}
\begin{document}
\foreach \X in {30,33,...,60,57,54,...,33}
{\begin{tikzpicture}
 \draw[thick,-stealth] (-5.5,0) -- (5,0) coordinate(x) node[below]{$\mu$};
 \draw[thick,-stealth] (0,-6.5) coordinate (my) -- (0,3) node[left]{$y$};
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\myangle}{\X}
  \begin{scope}[rotate=-\myangle]
   \draw[dashed] (2.5,0) coordinate(A) -- (0,0) coordinate(O);
   \draw[dashed,postaction={indicate dimensions={$L_1=2.5\,$m},
          dim arrow line/.append style={solid}}]  (O) -- (0,-2.5) coordinate(B);
   \draw[thick]  (A) -- ++(2.5,0);
   \draw[thick,postaction={indicate dimensions={$L_2=3\,$m},
          dim arrow line/.append style={solid}}]  (B) -- ++ (0,-3);
   \draw[thick,red,stealth-stealth] (-1.5,0) -- (O) -- (0,1.5);
   \pic [draw,green!60!black,angle radius=1cm,angle eccentricity=1.4,
   "$\pgfmathprintnumber{\myangle}^\circ$"] {angle = A--O--x};
   \pic [draw,green!60!black,angle radius=1cm,angle eccentricity=1.4,
   "$\pgfmathparse{90-\myangle}\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfmathresult}^\circ$"] {angle = my--O--A};
  \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}}  
\end{document}