
Tengo algunas figuras que me gustaría usar, pero como la primera es más grande que la segunda, la segunda se coloca en relación con el borde inferior de la primera. Mi código:
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.9]
\draw[->] (0, 0) -- (6, 0) node[right] {$z$};
\draw[->] (0, 0) -- (0, 6) node[above] {$x$};
\coordinate (a) at (5, 1);
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=above:{$s$}] (s) at (5, 5) {};
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=below:{$e$}] (e) at (1, 1) {};
\draw (s) -- (e);
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=above:{$m^*$}] (m*) at (2.293, 3.707) {};
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=right:{$m$}] (m) at (3, 3) {};
\draw (m) -- (m*);
\draw[dashed] (s) -- (a) node[pos=0.5, label=right:{$\Delta x$}] -- (e) node[pos=0.5, label=below:{$\Delta z$}] {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\hspace{10mm}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (ayy) at (4.293, 1);
\coordinate (mstar) at (4.293, 3.707);
\coordinate (emm) at (7, 1);
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=above:{$m^*$}] (m*) at (mstar) {};
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=right:{$m$}] (m) at (emm) {};
\node[fill=none, inner sep=0, outer sep=0] (a) at (ayy) {};
\draw (m) -- (m*) node[pos=0.6, label=right:{$d$}] {};
\draw[dashed] (a) -- (m*) node[pos=0.5, label=left:{$d\cos\alpha$}] {};
\draw[dashed] (a) -- (m) node[pos=0.5, label=below:{$d\sin\alpha$}] {};
\pic[draw, "$\alpha$", angle eccentricity=1.2, angle radius=7mm] {angle=ayy--mstar--emm};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Calculating $m^*$ (Case 1)}
\end{figure}
Respuesta1
¡Bienvenido! Hay muchas formas, de las cuales ilustro dos:
- Usar
\vcenter
. Quizás la forma más sencilla de usarlo es ponerlo en modo matemático. - Utilice solo una imagen y trabaje con miras.
En el segundo ejemplo, simplifiqué un poco el código usando coordenadas polares, utilicé el analizador para analizar coordenadas, combinar rutas, etc.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles,quotes}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
$\vcenter{\hbox{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.9]
\draw[->] (0, 0) -- (6, 0) node[right] {$z$};
\draw[->] (0, 0) -- (0, 6) node[above] {$x$};
\coordinate (a) at (5, 1);
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=above:{$s$}] (s) at (5, 5) {};
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=below:{$e$}] (e) at (1, 1) {};
\draw (s) -- (e);
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=above:{$m^*$}] (m*) at (2.293, 3.707) {};
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=right:{$m$}] (m) at (3, 3) {};
\draw (m) -- (m*);
\draw[dashed] (s) -- (a) node[pos=0.5, label=right:{$\Delta x$}]{}
-- (e) node[pos=0.5, label=below:{$\Delta z$}] {};
\end{tikzpicture}}}
\hspace{10mm}
\vcenter{\hbox{\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (ayy) at (4.293, 1);
\coordinate (mstar) at (4.293, 3.707);
\coordinate (emm) at (7, 1);
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=above:{$m^*$}] (m*) at (mstar) {};
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=right:{$m$}] (m) at (emm) {};
\node[fill=none, inner sep=0, outer sep=0] (a) at (ayy) {};
\draw (m) -- (m*) node[pos=0.6, label=right:{$d$}] {};
\draw[dashed] (a) -- (m*) node[pos=0.5, label=left:{$d\cos\alpha$}] {};
\draw[dashed] (a) -- (m) node[pos=0.5, label=below:{$d\sin\alpha$}] {};
\pic[draw, "$\alpha$", angle eccentricity=1.2, angle radius=7mm] {angle=ayy--mstar--emm};
\end{tikzpicture}}}$
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[bullet/.style={fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=#1}]
\begin{scope}[scale=0.9]
\draw[<->] (0, 6) node[above] {$x$} |- (6, 0) node[right] {$z$};
\coordinate (a) at (5, 1);
\node[bullet=above:{$s$}] (s) at (5, 5) {};
\node[bullet=below:{$e$}] (e) at (1, 1) {};
\draw (s) -- node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=right:{$m$}] (m){} (e)
(m) ++ (135:1)
node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=above:{$m^*$}] (m*) {};
\draw (m) -- (m*);
\draw[dashed] (s) |- (e) node[pos=0.75,below] {$\Delta z$}
node[pos=0.25,right](dx){$\Delta x$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}
\path (dx) ++ (3,{-1-1/sqrt(8)}) coordinate (a)
++ (0,{2+1/sqrt(2)})
node[bullet=above:{$m^*$}] (m*) {}
(a) ++ ({2+1/sqrt(2)},0)
node[bullet=right:{$m$}] (m){};
\draw (m) -- (m*);
\draw[dashed] (m*) -- node[left] (dc){$d\cos\alpha$} (a)
-- node[below]{$d\sin\alpha$} (m);
\pic[draw, "$\alpha$", angle eccentricity=1.2, angle radius=7mm]
{angle=a--m*--m};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
Por cierto, el formato habitual en este sitio es proporcionar ejemplos de trabajo mínimos (MWE) completos. Estos son códigos que contienen todo lo necesario para ser compilados y normalmente comienzan con \documentclass
y terminan con \end{document}
. En su caso, no sé qué clase de documento está utilizando, así que tuve que adivinar qué paquetes está cargando (más allá de los necesarios para ejecutar su fragmento). Es muy posible que ya cargues algo que tenga herramientas para resolver tu problema de otra manera.
Respuesta2
Otra posibilidad es alinear las imágenes en la línea base seleccionada. Por ejemplo, con código ligeramente modificado para imágenes, el MWE es:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles,
calc, % new
quotes}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h]
\tikzset{dot/.style = {circle, fill=red, minimum size=3pt, inner sep=0pt}}% new
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(X.center)] % <---
% caxes
\draw[->] (0,0) -- (6, 0) node[right] {$z$};
\draw[->] (0,0) -- (0, 6) node[above] {$x$};
% triangle
\node (s) [dot, label=$s$] at (5,5) {};
\node (e) [dot, label=below:{$e$}] at (1,1) {};
\draw (s) -- node (m) [dot, label=right:$m$] {} (e);
\node (m*) [dot, label=$m^*$] at ($(m)!10mm!90:(s)$) {};
\node[fill=red, circle, scale=0.3, label=right:{$m$}] (m) at (3, 3) {};
\draw (m) -- (m*);
\draw[dashed] (e) -| (s) node[pos=0.25, label=below:$\Delta z$] {}
node (X) [pos=0.75, label=right:$\Delta x$] {}; % <---
\end{tikzpicture}
\hfill
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(X.center)] % <---
\node (m*) [dot, label=above:$m^*$] {};
\node (m) [dot, label=right:$m$] at (3,-3) {};
\draw (m*) -- node[label=right:$d$] {} (m);
\draw[dashed] (m*) |- (m) node (X) [pos=0.25, label=left:$d\cos\alpha$] {} % <---
coordinate[pos=0.5] (a) % <---
node[pos=0.75, label=below:$d\sin\alpha$] {};
\pic[draw, "$\alpha$", angle eccentricity=1.2, angle radius=7mm] {angle=a--m*--m};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\caption{Calculating $m^*$ (Case 1)}
\end{document}