Posición del texto encima de una línea en tikz y superpuesto a una línea

Question

Estoy dibujando este círculo en tikz y, como puede ver, la apariencia del $v_m$eje x y el eje y no son visibles y tampoco $V_me^{j\theta}$está alineado con la línea. Tenga en cuenta también que el arco tiene un ángulo de 50 al igual que la orientación de la línea, pero no muestra el ángulo correcto.

Esos son los comandos que estoy usando.

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\definecolor{lava}{rgb}{0.81, 0.06, 0.13}
\definecolor{myblue}{rgb}{0.0, 0.30, 0.60}
\usepackage{gensymb}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        
        % Axis
        \draw[thick,->,black] (-3,0)--(3,0) node[below] {$\Re$}; % x axis
        \draw[thick,->,black] (0,-2.5)--(0,3) node[left] {$\Im$}; % y axis
        %circle
        \draw[black,thick] (0,0) circle (2.5cm);
        %defining radius points
        \node[black,below] at (2.6,0) {$V_m$};
        \filldraw[black] (2.5,0) circle (2pt);
        \node[black,below] at (0,2.6) {$V_m$};
        \filldraw[black] (0,2.5) circle (2pt);
           
        \draw[ultra thick,->,lava] (0,0) -- (0,0 |- 45:2.5cm)node [black,midway,sloped,above](b1){$V_m\sin(\phi)$}; % UpOn x axis
        \draw[ultra thick,->,myblue] (0,0) -- (45:2.5cm |- 0,0)node [black,midway,sloped,below](b){$V_m \cos (\phi)$}; % UpOn y axis
        \draw[ultra thick,black,->,rotate=45] (0,0) -- (2.5,0)node [black,midway,sloped,above](b5){$V_me^{j\theta}$}; 
        \draw[thick,black](50:2cm |- 0,0) arc (0:50:2);
        \node[] at (20:1.25cm |-20:1.25cm ) {$\phi$}; 
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1

Con su MWE, todas las etiquetas son visibles; sin embargo, están superpuestas con un círculo y no alineadas a lo largo del vector. Esto se corrige usando labelel marcado de los nombres de los nodos (ver MWE a continuación) y usando slopedla opción de etiqueta del vector. También se simplifica el uso de la anglesbiblioteca para dibujar y marcar ángulos:

%\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\documentclass[12pt, margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles, arrows.meta,    % new
                quotes}                 % new
\definecolor{lava}{rgb}{0.81, 0.06, 0.13}
\definecolor{myblue}{rgb}{0.0, 0.30, 0.60}
%\usepackage{gensymb} % better is to use siunitx

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
ang/.style = {draw, Straight Barb-Straight Barb, anchor=west,
              angle radius = 8mm, angle eccentricity=1},
arr/.style = {cap=round,-Straight Barb},
dot/.style = {circle, fill, minimum size=3pt,inner sep=0pt},
every edge quotes/.style = {auto, font=\footnotesize, sloped},
every label/.style       = {inner sep=1pt},
                        ]
% axis
\draw[arr]  (-2.7,0)--(3.6,0)   node[below] {$\Re$}; % x axis
\draw[arr]  (0,-2.7)--(0,3) node[left]  {$\Im$}; % y axis
% circle
\draw       (0,0) circle (2.5cm);
% defining radius points
\node (n1) [dot,label= 45:$V_m$] at (90:2.5) {};
\node (n2) [dot,label= 45:$P$]   at (45:2.5) {};
\node (n3) [dot,label=-45:$V_m$] at ( 0:2.5) {};
% vector
\coordinate (O) at (0,0);
\path[draw=lava, ultra thick, arr] 
    (O) to ["$V_m\mathrm{e}^{j\theta}$"]  (n2.center);
% projections
\path[draw=myblue, very thick, arr] 
    (O) to ["$V_m \cos(\phi)$" ']   (n2.center |- O); % projection on x axis
\path[draw=myblue, very thick, arr]
    (O) to ["$V_m \sin(\phi)$"]     (n2.center -| O); % projection on y axis
% angle
\pic [ang, "$\omega t+\phi$"] {angle = n3--O--n2};
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{xcolor} 
 \definecolor{lava}{rgb}{0.81, 0.06, 0.13} 
 \definecolor{myblue}{rgb}{0.0, 0.30, 0.60} 
\usepackage{gensymb}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    
    % Axis
    \draw[thick,->,black] (-3,0)--(3,0) node[below] {$\Re$}; % x axis
    \draw[thick,->,black] (0,-2.5)--(0,3) node[left] {$\Im$}; % y axis
    %circle
    \draw[black,thick] (0,0) circle (2.5cm);
    %defining radius points
    \node[circle,fill=red,inner sep=0pt,minimum size=4pt,label=45:{$V_m$}] at (2.5,0) 
      {};
    \node[circle,fill=red,inner sep=0pt,minimum size=4pt,label=45:{$V_m$}] at (0,2.5) 
      {};
    \draw[ultra thick,->,lava] (0,0) -- (0,0 |- 45:2.5cm)node 
    [black,midway,sloped,above](b1){\scriptsize $V_m\sin(\phi)$}; % UpOn x axis
    \draw[ultra thick,->,myblue] (0,0) -- (45:2.5cm |- 0,0)node 
    [black,midway,sloped,below](b){\scriptsize $V_m \cos (\phi)$}; % UpOn y axis
    \draw[ultra thick,black,->,rotate=45] (0,0) -- (2.5,0)node 
    [black,midway,rotate=45,above](b5){\scriptsize $V_me^{j\theta}$}; 
    \path[]  (45:1cm |-45:1cm ) edge  [bend left=30]   (45:1cm |- 0,0) ;
    \node[]at  (20:1.25cm |-20:1.25cm ) {$\phi$}; 
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}