¿Cómo puedo dibujar dos círculos rodantes con TikZ?

Question

Intenté dibujar el dibujo de la izquierda, pero no había nada que pudiera hacer con el dibujo de la derecha.

Parece estar involucrado en el campo de la transmisión de engranajes.

Sería genial si un amigo de buen corazón pudiera hacer una animación.

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns,patterns.meta,decorations.pathmorphing}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw (0,1) circle [radius=1];
\draw (0,3) circle [radius=1];
\draw[-stealth] (-0.65,1.3) arc (-200:-260:0.6);
\draw[-stealth] (-0.65,2.7) arc (200:260:0.6);
\draw[{Circle[open, length=1mm]}-Stealth] (0,1) -- (0,0);
\draw[{Circle[open, length=1mm]}-Stealth] (0,3) -- (0,2);
\path[pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={4pt/sqrt(2)}]}] (-1.5,0) edge[thick] ++(3,0) 
rectangle ++ (3,-0.2);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1

Compilar conAsíntota.

Foto 1

unitsize(1cm);
import patterns;

path c1=circle((0,1),1),c2=circle((0,3),1);
path arc1=arc((0,1),0.7,-200,-250);
path arc2=arc((0,3),0.7,200,250);

draw(c1^^c2);
draw(arc1,Arrow(size=3));
draw(arc2,Arrow(size=3));
draw((0,1)--(0,0),Arrow());
dot((0,1),FillDraw(white));
draw((0,3)--(0,2),Arrow());
dot((0,3),FillDraw(white));

add("yourpattern",hatch(2mm,dir(45)));
fill(box((-1.5,-0.2),(1.5,0)),pattern("yourpattern"));
draw((-1.5,0)--(1.5,0),0.7bp+black);
shipout(bbox(2mm,invisible));

foto 2

unitsize(1cm);
import patterns;
import graph;
path c1=circle((0,1),1),c2=circle((0,3),1);

draw(c1^^c2);

draw((0,1)--(0,1)+dir(-150),Arrow); 
draw((0,3)--(0,3)+dir(-30),Arrow); 
dot((0,1),FillDraw(white));
dot((0,3),FillDraw(white));

path arc1=arc((0,1),1,210,270), arc2=arc((0,1),1,30,90), arc3=arc((0,3),1,270,330);
path line1=(0,0)--(-length(arc1),0);

add("yourpattern",hatch(2mm,dir(45)));
fill(box((-1.5,-0.2),(1.5,0)),pattern("yourpattern"));
draw((-1.5,0)--(1.5,0),0.6bp+black);
draw(arc1^^line1,0.8bp+red);
draw(arc2^^arc3,0.8bp+blue);
shipout(bbox(2mm,invisible));

Animación. (CÓDIGO MAL)

import animate;
import patterns;
settings.tex="pdflatex"; 

animation Ani;
unitsize(1cm);
real t=6.284; // arclength(circle((0,1),1))=6.28406679229544
for(real a=0.0; a <= t; a=a+t/50)
{
save();
draw(circle((0+a,1),1)^^circle((0+a,3),1));

draw((0+a,1)--(0+a,1)+dir(-90-a*180/pi),Arrow());
draw((0+a,1)--(0+a,1)+dir(180+-90-a*180/pi),dashed+blue); 
draw((0+a,3)--(0+a,3)+dir(-90+a*180/pi),Arrow());
dot((0+a,1),FillDraw(white));
dot((0+a,3),FillDraw(white));

// L=alpha*pi*r/180 (wikipedia)

path arc1=(a != 0.0) ? arc((0+a,1),1,-90,-90-a*180/pi) : nullpath, // r=1
     arc2=(a != 0.0) ? arc((0+a,1),1,90,90-a*180/pi) : nullpath,
     arc3=(a != 0.0) ? arc((0+a,3),1,-90,-90+a*180/pi) : nullpath;
path line1=(a != 0.0) ? (0,0)--(a,0) : nullpath;

add("yourpattern",hatch(2mm,dir(45)));
fill(box((-1,-0.2),(1+t,0)),pattern("yourpattern"));
draw((-1,0)--(1+t,0),0.6bp+black);
draw(arc2^^arc3,0.8bp+blue);
draw(arc1^^line1,0.8bp+red);

if (a == t){
draw(circle((a,3),1),0.8bp+blue);
draw(circle((a,1),1),0.8bp+red);
}
Ani.add();
restore();
}
erase();
Ani.movie(BBox(2mm,invisible));

Buena animación.(RECOMENDADO)

import animate;
import patterns;
settings.tex="pdflatex"; 

animation Ani;
unitsize(1cm);
real t=arclength(circle((0,1),1));
int iter=68;

for (int i=0; i <= iter; ++i)
{
save();
real a=i*t/iter;

draw((0+a,1)--(0+a,1)+dir(-90-a*180/pi),Arrow());
draw((0+a,1)--(0+a,1)+dir(180+-90-a*180/pi),dashed+blue); 
draw((0+a,3)--(0+a,3)+dir(-90+a*180/pi),Arrow());
dot((0+a,1),FillDraw(white));
dot((0+a,3),FillDraw(white));
add("yourpattern",hatch(2mm,dir(45)));
fill(box((-1,-0.2),(1+t,0)),pattern("yourpattern"));
draw((-1,0)--(1+t,0),0.6bp+black);

if (i == 0){
draw(circle((a,3),1));
draw(circle((a,1),1));
}
else if (i < iter){
draw(circle((a,3),1));
draw(circle((a,1),1));
// L=alpha*pi*r/180 (wikipedia)
path arc1=arc((0+a,1),1,-90,-90-a*180/pi), // r=1
     arc2=arc((0+a,1),1,90,90-a*180/pi),
     arc3=arc((0+a,3),1,-90,-90+a*180/pi);
path line1=(0,0)--(a,0);
draw(arc2^^arc3,0.6bp+blue);
draw(arc1^^line1,0.8bp+red);
}
else {
draw(circle((a,3),1),0.6bp+blue);
draw(circle((a,1),1),0.6bp+red);
draw((0,0)--(a,0),0.8bp+red);
}
Ani.add();
restore();
}
erase();
Ani.movie(BBox(2mm,invisible));

https://ezgif.com/pdf-to-gif

Answer 2

Aquí hay unTiKZsolución que es una versión ligeramente mejorada del OP y está animada usando

convertir -retraso 5 -bucle 0 -densidad 200 -fondo blanco -alfa eliminar archivo.pdf archivo.gif

para producir:

Para obtener esto del MWE, primero modificamos el código para permitir que las flechas estén en ángulos arbitrarios, de modo que tengamos

Aquí está la modificación tikzpicturedel MWE que produce esto:

  \foreach \ang [evaluate=\ang as \dist using {(\ang-270)*pi/180}] in {270,265,...,-85} {%
    \begin{tikzpicture}
      \useasboundingbox (-3.2, -0.3) rectangle (3.2, 4.2);
      \draw (0,1) circle [radius=1];
      \draw (0,3) circle [radius=1];
      \draw[-stealth,red] (-0.65,1.3) arc (-200:-260:0.6);
      \draw[-stealth,blue] (-0.65,2.7) arc (200:260:0.6);
      \path[pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={4pt/sqrt(2)}]}]
             (-3,0) edge[thick] ++(6,0) rectangle ++ (6,-0.2);
      \draw[-Stealth]  (0,3)node[axel]{} -- ++({180-\ang}:1);
      \draw[-Stealth]  (0,1)node[axel]{} -- ++(\ang:1);
      \draw[red,thick] (0,0) -- ++ (\dist, 0);
      \draw[blue,thick](0,2) arc (270:540-\ang:1);
      \draw[blue,thick](0,2) arc (90:\ang-180:1);
      \draw[red,thick] (0,0) arc (270:\ang:1);
    \end{tikzpicture}%
  }

La versión estacionaria distrae un poco la vista, pero ya contiene todo lo que necesitamos para hacer rodar la imagen. La principal diferencia entre la versión estacionaria y la rodante es que necesitamos cambiar las xcoordenadas de la mayoría de los nodos \dist. Aquí está el código final:

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns,patterns.meta,decorations.pathmorphing}

\tikzset{
  axel/.style = {circle, minimum width=1mm,inner sep=0pt, draw, fill=white}
}

\begin{document}
  \foreach \ang [evaluate=\ang as \dist using {(270-\ang)*pi/180}] in {270,265,...,-85} {%
    \begin{tikzpicture}
      \useasboundingbox (-2, -0.3) rectangle (8, 4.2);
      \draw (\dist,1) circle [radius=1];
      \draw (\dist,3) circle [radius=1];
      \draw[-stealth,red] (\dist-0.65,1.3) arc (-200:-260:0.6);
      \draw[-stealth,blue] (\dist-0.65,2.7) arc (200:260:0.6);
      \path[pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={4pt/sqrt(2)}]}]
             (-1,0) edge[thick] ++(8,0) rectangle ++ (8,-0.2);
      \draw[-Stealth]  (\dist,3)node[axel]{} -- ++({180-\ang}:1);
      \draw[-Stealth]  (\dist,1)node[axel]{} -- ++(\ang:1);
      \draw[red,thick] (0,0)--(\dist,0);
      \draw[blue,thick](\dist,2) arc (270:540-\ang:1);
      \draw[blue,thick](\dist,2) arc (90:\ang-180:1);
      \draw[red,thick] (\dist,0) arc (270:\ang:1);
    \end{tikzpicture}%
  }
\end{document}

Answer 3

La vista de los observadores en movimiento, hecha con Ti.kZ.

\documentclass{standalone}
%\documentclass[dvisvgm]{standalone}
%\documentclass[export]{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,patterns.meta,arrows.meta}

\usepackage{animate}
\usepackage{xsavebox} % xlrbox

\begin{document}
  \begin{xlrbox}{ground}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
      \path[pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={4pt/sqrt(2)}]}]
             (-1,0) edge[thick] ++(8,0) rectangle ++ (8,-0.2);
    \end{tikzpicture}%
  \end{xlrbox}%
%
  \begin{animateinline}[controls,loop]{20}
    \multiframe{181}{iAngle=270+-2}{
      \pgfmathsetmacro\dist{(270-\iAngle)*pi/180}%
      \begin{tikzpicture}
        \path[use as bounding box, clip] (\dist-2,-0.3) rectangle (\dist+2,4.2);
        \draw (\dist,1) circle [radius=1];
        \draw (\dist,3) circle [radius=1];
        \draw[-stealth,red] ($(\dist,1)+(\iAngle-110:0.65)$) arc (\iAngle-110:\iAngle-170:0.65);
        \draw[-stealth,blue] ($(\dist,3)+(110-\iAngle:0.65)$) arc (110-\iAngle:170-\iAngle:0.65);
        \node [anchor=north west, inner sep=0pt] at (-1,0) {\theground};
        \draw[dashed,blue] (\dist,1) -- ++(\iAngle-180:1);
        \draw[-Stealth] (\dist,1) -- ++(\iAngle:1);
          \filldraw[fill=white] (\dist,1) circle (0.5mm);
        \draw[-Stealth] (\dist,3) -- ++(180-\iAngle:1);
          \filldraw[fill=white] (\dist,3) circle (0.5mm);
        \draw[red,thick] (0,0)--(\dist,0);
        \draw[blue,thick](\dist,2) arc (-90:180-\iAngle:1);
        \draw[blue,thick](\dist,2) arc (90:\iAngle-180:1);
        \draw[red,thick] (\dist,0) arc (270:\iAngle:1);
      \end{tikzpicture}%
    }
  \end{animateinline}
\end{document}

Answer 4

¿Como esto? Sin animación.

\documentclass[tikz,margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns,patterns.meta,decorations.pathmorphing}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw (0,1)coordinate(D) circle [radius=1];
\draw (0,3)coordinate(U) circle [radius=1];

\draw[{Circle[open, length=1mm]}-Stealth] (D) --++ (-150:1);
\draw[{Circle[open, length=1mm]}-Stealth] (U) --++ (-20:1);
\draw[densely dashed, blue] (D) --++ (30:1);
\draw [very thick, red] ([yshift=-1cm]D)coordinate(DD) arc (-90:-150:1);
\draw [very thick, blue] ([yshift=1cm]D) arc (90:30:1);
\draw [very thick, blue] ([yshift=-1cm]U) arc (-90:-20:1);

\path[pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={4pt/sqrt(2)}]}] (-1.5,0) edge[thick] ++(3,0) rectangle ++ (3,-0.2);
\draw [very thick, red] (DD)--++(180:0.9);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}