Ubuntu 12.04에서 bash 스크립트를 통해 자동 메일을 보낼 수 없습니다: mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.37.72]에 연결:25: 연결 시간이 초과되었습니다.

Question

먼저, 제 영어 실력에 대해 사과드립니다(저는 프랑스인입니다).

나는 사용하고있다우분투 데스크탑 12.04. 저는 아직 쉘 스크립트를 배우고 있어서 어딘가에서 정말 간단한 실수를 저질렀을 수도 있습니다.

디스크 공간이 80% 사용되면 이메일을 보내는 쉘 스크립트를 작성하려고 합니다. (이 스크립트는 민간 기업이 호스팅하는 원격 서버의 크론에서 사용됩니다.)

이를 위해 Postfix sendmail 명령을 사용합니다.

문제는 간단한 명령줄을 사용하여 내 핫메일 주소로 테스트 이메일을 보낼 수도 없다는 것입니다.

/var/log/mail.log를 확인했는데 다음과 같은 결과가 나왔습니다(터미널에서 단 하나의 명령만 사용됨).

Dec  2 16:52:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/qmgr[7076]: BD8CC1561B8E: from=<user@user-Precision-T3600>, size=317, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Dec  2 16:52:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/qmgr[7076]: 77ED015620AC: from=<user@user-Precision-T3600>, size=443, nrcpt=3 (queue active)
Dec  2 16:52:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/qmgr[7076]: DCD541561FDF: from=<user@user-Precision-T3600>, size=443, nrcpt=3 (queue active)
Dec  2 16:52:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/qmgr[7076]: AEDC31561FD7: from=<user@user-Precision-T3600>, size=443, nrcpt=3 (queue active)
Dec  2 16:52:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/qmgr[7076]: 0C9C815620BC: from=<user@user-Precision-T3600>, size=290, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Dec  2 16:52:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/qmgr[7076]: 3961C15620B6: from=<user@user-Precision-T3600>, size=443, nrcpt=3 (queue active)
Dec  2 16:52:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/qmgr[7076]: 6AC1F15620BD: from=<user@user-Precision-T3600>, size=443, nrcpt=3 (queue active)
Dec  2 16:52:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7930]: connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.37.88]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:52:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7931]: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.37.88]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:52:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7929]: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.37.120]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:52:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7932]: connect to mx1.hotmail.com[65.55.92.136]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:52:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7928]: connect to mx1.hotmail.com[65.54.188.126]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7931]: connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.37.104]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7928]: connect to mx1.hotmail.com[65.54.188.110]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7929]: connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.92.152]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7932]: connect to mx1.hotmail.com[65.54.188.72]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7930]: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.92.184]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7932]: connect to mx1.hotmail.com[65.55.92.168]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7931]: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.37.72]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7928]: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.92.184]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7929]: connect to mx2.hotmail.com[65.55.37.104]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:53:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7930]: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.92.168]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7932]: connect to mx2.hotmail.com[65.55.92.136]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7928]: connect to mx1.hotmail.com[65.55.37.88]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7931]: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.92.184]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7929]: connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.37.104]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:18 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7930]: connect to mx1.hotmail.com[65.55.37.72]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7931]: connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.37.88]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7932]: connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.37.104]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7928]: connect to mx1.hotmail.com[65.55.92.184]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7929]: connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.37.120]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7930]: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.37.72]:25: Connection timed out
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7932]: 0C9C815620BC: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=1253, delays=1102/0.02/150/0, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.37.104]:25: Connection timed out)
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7928]: BD8CC1561B8E: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=23169, delays=23019/0.01/150/0, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (connect to mx1.hotmail.com[65.55.92.184]:25: Connection timed out)
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7930]: DCD541561FDF: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=18424, delays=18274/0.01/150/0, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.37.72]:25: Connection timed out)
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7931]: AEDC31561FD7: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=19135, delays=18985/0.02/150/0, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.37.88]:25: Connection timed out)
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/smtp[7929]: 77ED015620AC: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=9121, delays=8971/0.01/150/0, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (connect to mx4.hotmail.com[65.55.37.120]:25: Connection timed out)
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/error[7952]: 3961C15620B6: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=8585, delays=8435/150/0/0.05, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.37.72]:25: Connection timed out)
Dec  2 16:54:48 user-Precision-T3600 postfix/error[7953]: 6AC1F15620BD: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=8296, delays=8146/150/0/0.06, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: connect to mx3.hotmail.com[65.55.37.72]:25: Connection timed out)

여기 내 명령줄이 있습니다:

  $ echo foobar | sendmail -i [email protected]

처음에는 Linux 방화벽에 의해 차단된 포트인 줄 알고 다음 명령을 사용하여 확인했습니다.

$ sudo ufw status

내가 얻는 것은 다음과 같습니다.

État : actif

Vers                       Action      Depuis
----                       ------      ------
25                         ALLOW       Anywhere
25/tcp                     ALLOW       Anywhere
25                         ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)
25/tcp                     ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)

무엇이 작동하지 않는지 모르겠습니다. 도와주세요. 몇 시간 동안 이 문제를 해결해 왔습니다...

다음은 postfix 구성 파일(main.cf)입니다:

# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version


# Debian specific:  Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name.  The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
#myorigin = /etc/mailname

smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no

# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h

readme_directory = no

# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache

# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.

myhostname = bmerlet-Precision-T3600
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
mydestination = bmerlet-Precision-T3600, localhost.localdomain, , localhost
relayhost = 
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION"
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all

해당 파일의 일부 매개변수를 변경해야 하는지 모르겠고, 그렇다면 어떤 매개변수를 변경해야 하는지도 모르겠습니다... :(

미리 도움을 주셔서 감사합니다;)

벤

Answer 1

포트 25가 핫메일에 의해 차단되거나 사용되지 않을 가능성이 높습니다. 더 잘 찾아보실 수 있어요참고자료, 그러나 포트 465/587과 같은 대체 포트를 사용해 보십시오.