☰

tikz의 그래픽에 텍스트 추가

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf
tikz의 그래픽에 텍스트 추가

다음과 같은 그래픽이 있습니다.

여기에 이미지 설명을 입력하세요

솔루션에서 가져온 것여기. 그래픽에 다음과 같은 추가 텍스트를 추가하고 싶습니다.

여기에 이미지 설명을 입력하세요

"과적합", "과소적합" 및 "좋은 균형" 레이블과 함께 높은 편향, 낮은 편향 및 둘의 조합을 표시합니다. 이 텍스트를 현재 버전에 어떻게 통합할 수 있나요?tikzpicture

암호:

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily,
declare function={f(\x)=0.5*pow(abs(\x-2),2)-0.06*pow(\x-2,3);}]
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\X}{\Z/10}
 \pgfmathsetmacro{\Y}{f(\X)+0.9*rnd}
 \ifnum\Z=1
  \xdef\LstOne{(\X,\Y)}
  \xdef\LstTwo{"(\X,\Y)"}
 \else
  \xdef\LstOne{\LstOne (\X,\Y)}
  \xdef\LstTwo{\LstTwo,"(\X,\Y)"}
 \fi}
%  \begin{scope}[local bounding box=over0]
%  \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
%  {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Coor}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
%  \fill \Coor circle[radius=1pt];
%  }
%  \draw plot[smooth] coordinates \LstOne;
%  \end{scope}
 \begin{scope}[local bounding box=over,xshift=-5cm]
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,40}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Last}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
 \pgfmathsetmacro{\Current}{{\LstTwo}[\Z]}
 \pgfmathsetmacro{\Next}{{\LstTwo}[\Z+1]}
 %\typeout{\Last,\Current,\Next}
  \edef\temp{\noexpand\path ($0.6*\Current+0.2*\Last+0.2*\Next$)   coordinate 
  (p\Z);}
  \temp
  \ifnum\Z=1
  \xdef\LstThree{(p\Z)}
  \else
  \xdef\LstThree{\LstThree (p\Z)}
  \fi
  }
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Coor}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
 \fill \Coor circle[radius=1pt];
 }
 \draw[thick,blue] plot[smooth] coordinates \LstThree;
 \end{scope}
 %
 \begin{scope}[local bounding box=good,xshift=-10cm]
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Coor}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
 \fill \Coor circle[radius=1pt];
 }
 \draw[thick,blue] plot[smooth,domain=0.1:4.2,variable=\x] (\x,{f(\x)+0.45});
 \end{scope}
 %
 \begin{scope}[local bounding box=under,xshift=-15cm]
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Coor}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
 \fill \Coor circle[radius=1pt];
 }
 \draw[thick,blue] (0.1,0.4) -- (4.2,2);
 \end{scope}
 %
 \foreach \X in {over,good,under}
 {\draw[gray,thin] ([xshift=-3pt,yshift=3pt]\X.north west) rectangle 
 ([xshift=3pt,yshift=-3pt]\X.south east);
 \draw[stealth-stealth,thick] ([xshift=-3pt,yshift=3pt]\X.north west) node[right=1.5pt,fill=white]{Values} 
 |- ([xshift=3pt,yshift=-3pt]\X.south east) node[below left]{Time};}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

답변1

\node[<options>](<name>) at (<coordinate>){<text>};안에 설명이나 텍스트를 추가할 수 있습니다 scope. 또한 TikZ라이브러리를 사용하면 positioning다른 노드와 관련하여 노드를 찾을 수 있습니다.위/아래, 오른쪽/왼쪽그리고 그들의 조합. 그 뒤에는 선택적 인수 <shifting part>와 가 올 수 있습니다 <of part>.

예를 들어 내부는 다음과 같습니다 scope.

\node[red] (lowlow) at (2.2,2.5) {Low bias, low variance}; % <-- here

또는

\node[red, below= -2.75cm of over] (lowlow)  {Low bias, low variance}; % <-- here

그런 다음 외부에서:

 \node[green,below = 3cm of lowlow] {Good balance}; % <-- here

여기에 이미지 설명을 입력하세요

MWE:

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily,
declare function={f(\x)=0.5*pow(abs(\x-2),2)-0.06*pow(\x-2,3);}]
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\X}{\Z/10}
 \pgfmathsetmacro{\Y}{f(\X)+0.9*rnd}
 \ifnum\Z=1
  \xdef\LstOne{(\X,\Y)}
  \xdef\LstTwo{"(\X,\Y)"}
 \else
  \xdef\LstOne{\LstOne (\X,\Y)}
  \xdef\LstTwo{\LstTwo,"(\X,\Y)"}
 \fi}
%  \begin{scope}[local bounding box=over0]
%  \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
%  {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Coor}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
%  \fill \Coor circle[radius=1pt];
%  }
%  \draw plot[smooth] coordinates \LstOne;
%  \end{scope}
 \begin{scope}[local bounding box=over,xshift=-5cm]
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,40}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Last}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
 \pgfmathsetmacro{\Current}{{\LstTwo}[\Z]}
 \pgfmathsetmacro{\Next}{{\LstTwo}[\Z+1]}
 %\typeout{\Last,\Current,\Next}
  \edef\temp{\noexpand\path ($0.6*\Current+0.2*\Last+0.2*\Next$)   coordinate 
  (p\Z);}
  \temp
  \ifnum\Z=1
  \xdef\LstThree{(p\Z)}
  \else
  \xdef\LstThree{\LstThree (p\Z)}
  \fi
  }
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Coor}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
 \fill \Coor circle[radius=1pt];
 }
 \draw[thick,blue] plot[smooth] coordinates \LstThree;
% \node[red] (lowlow) at (2.2,2.5) {Low bias, low variance}; % <-- here
  \node[red, below= -2.75cm of over] (lowlow)  {Low bias, low variance}; % <-- here
 \end{scope}
 %
 \begin{scope}[local bounding box=good,xshift=-10cm]
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Coor}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
 \fill \Coor circle[radius=1pt];
 }
 \draw[thick,blue] plot[smooth,domain=0.1:4.2,variable=\x] (\x,{f(\x)+0.45});
%  \node[red] (highb) at (2.2,2.5) {High bias}; % <-- here
  \node[red, below= -2.75cm of good] (highb)  {High bias}; % <-- here
 \end{scope}
 %
 \begin{scope}[local bounding box=under,xshift=-15cm]
 \foreach \Z in {1,...,42}
 {\pgfmathsetmacro{\Coor}{{\LstTwo}[\Z-1]}
 \fill \Coor circle[radius=1pt];
 }
 \draw[thick,blue] (0.1,0.4) -- (4.2,2);
%  \node[red] (highv) at (2.2,2.5) {High variance}; % <-- here
  \node[red, below= -2.75cm of under] (highv)  {High variance}; % <-- here
 \end{scope}
 %
 \foreach \X in {over,good,under}
 {\draw[gray,thin] ([xshift=-3pt,yshift=3pt]\X.north west) rectangle 
 ([xshift=3pt,yshift=-3pt]\X.south east);
 \draw[stealth-stealth,thick] ([xshift=-3pt,yshift=3pt]\X.north west) node[right=1.5pt,fill=white]{Values} 
 |- ([xshift=3pt,yshift=-3pt]\X.south east) node[below left]{Time};}
 \node[green,below = 3cm of lowlow] {Good balance}; % <-- here
 \node[green,below = 3cm of highb]  {underfitting}; % <-- here
 \node[green,below = 3cm of highv]  {overfitting}; % <-- here
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

관련 정보