De acordo com dpkg-querya página do manual:
Por exemplo, isto irá listar todos os nomes de pacotes começando com “libc6”:
dpkg-query -l 'libc6*'
Quando tento no Debian 10.5:
$ dpkg-query -l 'libc6*'
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-==============-============-============-=================================
ii libc6:amd64 2.28-10 amd64 GNU C Library: Shared libraries
un libc6-amd64 <none> <none> (no description available)
un libc6.1 <none> <none> (no description available)
Enquanto aptmostra mais pacotes:
$ apt list 'libc6*'
Listing... Виконано
libc6-amd64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-amd64-i386-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-amd64-x32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-arm64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-armel-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-armhf-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dbg/stable 2.28-10 amd64
libc6-dev-amd64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-amd64-i386-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-amd64-x32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-arm64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-armel-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-armhf-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-hppa-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-i386-amd64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-i386-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-i386-x32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-i386/stable 2.28-10 amd64
libc6-dev-m68k-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mips-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mips32-mips64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips32-mips64el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mips32-mips64r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips32-mips64r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips32-mipsn32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips32-mipsn32el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips32-mipsn32r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips32-mipsn32r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips64-mips-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mips64-mipsel-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mips64-mipsn32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips64-mipsn32el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips64-mipsn32r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips64-mipsn32r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips64-mipsr6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips64-mipsr6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips64el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mips64r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mips64r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsel-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32-mips-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32-mips64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32-mips64el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32-mips64r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32-mips64r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32-mipsel-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32-mipsr6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32-mipsr6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsn32r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsr6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-mipsr6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-dev-powerpc-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-powerpc-ppc64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-powerpcspe-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-ppc64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-ppc64-powerpc-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-ppc64el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-riscv64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-s390-s390x-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-s390x-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-sh4-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-sparc-sparc64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-sparc64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-x32-amd64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-x32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-x32-i386-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-dev-x32/stable 2.28-10 amd64
libc6-dev/stable 2.28-10 amd64
libc6-hppa-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-i386-amd64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-i386-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-i386-x32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-i386/stable 2.28-10 amd64
libc6-m68k-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mips-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mips32-mips64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips32-mips64el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mips32-mips64r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips32-mips64r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips32-mipsn32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips32-mipsn32el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips32-mipsn32r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips32-mipsn32r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips64-mips-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mips64-mipsel-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mips64-mipsn32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips64-mipsn32el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips64-mipsn32r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips64-mipsn32r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips64-mipsr6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips64-mipsr6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips64el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mips64r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mips64r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsel-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mipsn32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsn32-mips-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mipsn32-mips64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsn32-mips64el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mipsn32-mips64r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsn32-mips64r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsn32-mipsel-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-mipsn32-mipsr6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsn32-mipsr6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsn32el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsn32r6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsn32r6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsr6-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-mipsr6el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross2 all
libc6-pic/stable 2.28-10 amd64
libc6-powerpc-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-powerpc-ppc64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-powerpcspe-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-ppc64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-ppc64-powerpc-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-ppc64el-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-riscv64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-s390-s390x-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-s390x-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-sh4-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-sparc-sparc64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-sparc64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-x32-amd64-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-x32-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-x32-i386-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6-x32/stable 2.28-10 amd64
libc6.1-alpha-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6.1-dev-alpha-cross/stable 2.28-7cross1 all
libc6/stable,now 2.28-10 amd64 [installed]
Como fazer dpkg-querymostrar todas as partidas? Por que mostra apenas uma seleção?
Responder1
dpkg-queryapenas olha /var/lib/dpkg/statuspor padrão e contém apenas informações sobre pacotes que estão instalados atualmente ou foram instalados no passado.
Para ver todos os pacotes disponíveis, você pode adicionar a --load-availopção:
dpkg-query --load-avail -l 'libc6*'
mas isso depende de /var/lib/dpkg/availableestar atualizado. aptnão mexe nesse arquivo, ele usa seus próprios bancos de dados, então você mesmo precisará cuidar disso:
for file in /var/lib/apt/lists/*_Packages; do sudo dpkg --merge-avail $file; done
(Observe que isso não cuida das descrições traduzidas, portanto dpkg-querynão será possível mostrá-las.)
É melhor usar aptpara essas consultas. dpkgpossui uma visão local dos pacotes, aptpossui uma visão baseada em repositório; portanto, consultas baseadas em repositório são melhor tratadas pelo apt.