1. Consiga posicionar as curvas centrais sobre cada marcador:

Question

Quero desenhar uma curva Z em LaTeX usando TikZo sistema Lindenmayer. Mas não consegui posicionar as curvas no centro de cada marcador. Além disso, não encontro nenhuma maneira elegante de fazer com que todas as curvas tenham o mesmo tamanho.

Aqui está o que eu recebo:

Aqui está o meu código:

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}

\usepackage{graphicx}          
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption} 
\usepackage{tikz}


\begin{document}
\usetikzlibrary{lindenmayersystems}
\pgfdeclarelindenmayersystem{z-curve}{
\symbol{I}{\pgftransformscale{+0.25\pgflsystemstep}}
\symbol{p}{%
  \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{1pt}{3pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{3pt}{3pt}}%
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{1pt}{1pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{3pt}{1pt}}%
}
\symbol{q}{%
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{1pt}{3pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{3pt}{3pt}}%
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{1pt}{1pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{3pt}{1pt}}%
}
\symbol{S}{\pgftransformscale{+0.5pt}}
\symbol{A}{\pgftransformshift{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{4pt}}}
\symbol{B}{\pgftransformshift{\pgfqpoint{4pt}{4pt}}}
\symbol{C}{\pgftransformshift{\pgfqpoint{4pt}{0pt}}}
\symbol{[}{\bgroup}
\symbol{]}{\egroup}
\rule{Z -> Ip}
\rule{p -> S[Ap][Bq][q][Cq]}
\rule{q -> S[Aq][Bq][q][Cq]}
}

\begin{figure}[ht]
\centering
\subcaptionbox{}
{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2]
\draw [l-system={z-curve, step=1cm, axiom=Z, order=1}] l-system;
\end{tikzpicture}}
\hspace{1cm}
\subcaptionbox{}
{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2]
\draw [l-system={z-curve, step=1cm, axiom=Z, order=2}] l-system;
\end{tikzpicture}}
\hspace{1cm}
\subcaptionbox{}
{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2]
\draw [l-system={z-curve, step=1cm, axiom=Z, order=3}] l-system;
\end{tikzpicture}}
\hspace{1cm}
\subcaptionbox{}
{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2]
\draw [l-system={z-curve, step=1cm, axiom=Z, order=4}] l-system;
\end{tikzpicture}}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

Alguma sugestão do que devo mudar para conseguir o que quero?

Answer 1

1. Consiga posicionar as curvas centrais sobre cada marcador:

Alterei os símbolos p e q (domínio horizontal: 0ptpara 2pt; em vez de 1ptpara 3pt) para obter uma centralização horizontal. Verticalmente também começa em 0ptvez de 1pt. Com \draw(<x>,<y>)...você poderia colocar as curvas posteriormente arbitrariamente. Por exemplo com \draw(0,0).

\symbol{p}{%
  \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{2pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{2pt}{2pt}}%
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{0pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{2pt}{0pt}}%
}
\symbol{q}{%
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{2pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{2pt}{2pt}}%
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{0pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{2pt}{0pt}}%
}

2. Mesmo tamanho de todas as curvas:

Com \resizebox{<horizontal size>}{<vertical size>}{...}(ver:4.3.2 Dimensionando para um tamanho solicitado, p.8 no manual ["Pacotes no pacote 'gráficos'"]) você pode definir o tamanho horizontal e vertical do arquivo tikzpicture. Se quiser que o tikzpicturetamanho seja dimensionado proporcionalmente, você pode dar um dos tamanhos e colocar !o outro.

\resizebox{!}{2cm}{
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[black](0,0) l-system [l-system={z-curve, step=1cm, axiom=Z, order=1}];
\end{tikzpicture}
}

3. Nota

Utilizei \subfloate reduzi a importação de pacotes, pois o TikZ carrega graphicxautomaticamente.

---

Resultado:

---

MWE:

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{subfig}
\begin{document}
\usetikzlibrary{lindenmayersystems}
\pgfdeclarelindenmayersystem{z-curve}{
\symbol{I}{\pgftransformscale{+0.25\pgflsystemstep}}
\symbol{p}{%
  \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{2pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{2pt}{2pt}}%
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{0pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{2pt}{0pt}}%
}
\symbol{q}{%
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{2pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{2pt}{2pt}}%
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{0pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{2pt}{0pt}}%
}
\symbol{S}{\pgftransformscale{+0.5pt}}
\symbol{A}{\pgftransformshift{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{4pt}}}
\symbol{B}{\pgftransformshift{\pgfqpoint{4pt}{4pt}}}
\symbol{C}{\pgftransformshift{\pgfqpoint{4pt}{0pt}}}
\symbol{[}{\bgroup}
\symbol{]}{\egroup}
\rule{Z -> Ip}
\rule{p -> S[Ap][Bq][q][Cq]}
\rule{q -> S[Aq][Bq][q][Cq]}
}

\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\subfloat[]{\label{fig:a}
\resizebox{!}{2cm}{
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[black](0,0) l-system [l-system={z-curve, step=1cm, axiom=Z, order=1}];
\end{tikzpicture}
}
}
\hfill
\subfloat[]{\label{fig:a}
\resizebox{!}{2cm}{
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw [red](0,0) l-system  [l-system={z-curve, step=1cm, axiom=Z, order=2}];
\end{tikzpicture}
}
}
\hfill
\subfloat[]{\label{fig:a}
\resizebox{!}{2cm}{
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw [blue](0,0) l-system  [l-system={z-curve, step=1cm, axiom=Z, order=3}];
\end{tikzpicture}
}
}
\hfill
\subfloat[]{\label{fig:a}
\resizebox{!}{2cm}{
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw [green](0,0) l-system  [l-system={z-curve, step=1cm, axiom=Z, order=4}];
\end{tikzpicture}
}
}
\hfill
\caption{Z-Curve using TikZ and the Lindenmayer system}\label{fig:LabelFigOne}
\end{figure}
\end{document}