Como desenhar como esta imagem com tikz

Question

Alguém pode me ajudar a fazer esse desenho com o tikz?

código

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[thick,scale=10]
%
\coordinate (C1) at (0.3,-0.15);
\coordinate (C2) at (0.55,-0.15);
\coordinate (C3) at (0.425,-0.025);
\coordinate (C4) at (0.425,-0.275);
%
\coordinate (D1) at (0.85,-0.05);
\coordinate (D2) at (0.9,0.05);
\coordinate (D3) at (0.875,0.125);
\coordinate (D4) at (0.875,-0.125);
%
\coordinate (E1) at (0.375,0.375);
\coordinate (E2) at (0.625,0.375);
\coordinate (E3) at (0.525,0.425);
\coordinate (E4) at (0.525,0.325);
%
\coordinate (F1) at (0.15,0.015);
\coordinate (F2) at (0.1,-0.015);
\coordinate (F3) at (0.125,0.125);
\coordinate (F4) at (0.125,-0.125);
%
\coordinate (G1) at (0.375,-0.375);
\coordinate (G2) at (0.625,-0.375);
\coordinate (G3) at (0.475,-0.425);
\coordinate (G4) at (0.575,-0.325);

\begin{scope}[thick,dashed]
\draw (C1) -- (C4) -- (C2) -- (C3) -- (C1);
\draw (D1) -- (D4) -- (D2) -- (D3) -- (D1);
\draw (E1) -- (E4) -- (E2) -- (E3) -- (E1);
\draw (F1) -- (F4) -- (F2) -- (F3) -- (F1);
\draw (G1) -- (G4) -- (G2) -- (G3) -- (G1);
\end{scope}
\draw (F3) -- (F2) -- (C1) -- (C3) -- (E4) -- (E1);
\draw (C1) -- (C4) -- (G3) -- (G1) -- (F4) -- (F2);
\draw (D1) -- (C2) -- (C3) -- (E4) -- (E2) -- (D3) -- (D1);
\draw (D1) -- (C2) -- (C4) -- (G3) -- (G2) --(D4) -- (D1);
\draw (E2) -- (E3) -- (E1) -- (F3) -- (F2) -- (F4) -- (G1) -- (G3) --  (G2) -- (D4) -- (D1) -- (D3) --cycle;
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Answer 1

Como sempre com TikZ e 3d: construa seus gráficos de trás para frente. (Ou use camadas, mas isso ainda precisa de organização.)

1. a parte de trás do cubo
2. as bordas posteriores do cubo
3. os diamantes ao fundo
4. os hexágonos dentro do cubo, mas na parte de trás
5. os eixos dentro do cubo
6. os hexágonos dentro do cubo, mas na frente
7. os diamantes na frente
8. as faces frontais do cubo
9. os eixos fora do cubo

Optei por não preencher a parte frontal do cubo porque isso obscureceria toda a imagem.

Código

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  x=(-120:1cm*sin 30), y=(0:1cm), z=(90:1cm),
  %
  % h: half the height of the cube
  % r: half the diagonal of the square sides that touch the cube
  declare function={h=2; r=1;},
  %
  bg/.style={densely dotted},
  fg/.style={solid},
  axis bg/.style={densely dashed},
  axis fg/.style={solid,-{Stealth[round,/tikz/fill opacity=1]}},
  %
  square fill/.style={fill=blue!50},
  hex fill/.style   ={fill=green!50},
  cube fill/.style  ={fill=red!50},
  % 
%   debug/.style={shape=rectangle,font=\tiny,text=gray,inner sep=0pt, fill=white},
  %
  fill opacity=.5,
  %
  insert dia/.style={
    insert path={(#1n) -- (#1e) -- (#1s) -- (#1w) -- cycle}},
]

% corners of the cube
\foreach \side/\sign in {back/-, front/+}
\coordinate (\side-nw) at (\sign h, -h,  h)
 coordinate (\side-ne) at (\sign h,  h,  h)
 coordinate (\side-se) at (\sign h,  h, -h)
 coordinate (\side-sw) at (\sign h, -h, -h);

% corners of the squares/diamonds that touch the cube
\foreach \sign in {+,-}
  \foreach \x/\y/\z in {x/y/z, y/x/z, z/y/x}
    \coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign n}}]
       (\x\sign n) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y= 0, \z= r)
     coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign e}}]
       (\x\sign e) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y= r, \z= 0)
     coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign s}}]
       (\x\sign s) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y= 0, \z=-r)
     coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign w}}]
       (\x\sign w) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y=-r, \z= 0)
     coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign m}}]
       (\x\sign m) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y= 0, \z= 0);

% 1: fill the cube's sides in the bg
\path[cube fill, bg]            (back-nw) rectangle (back-se)  [insert dia=x-]
  {[canvas is xz plane at y=-h] (back-nw) rectangle (front-sw) [insert dia=y-]}
  {[canvas is xy plane at z=-h] (back-sw) rectangle (front-se) [insert dia=z-]};

% 2: draw the lines of the cube in the bg
\draw[bg] (back-sw) -- (back-nw)
          (back-sw) -- (back-se)
          (back-sw) -- (front-sw);

% 3: fill the diamonds in the bg (no draw because this will done by the hexagons)
\foreach \x in {x,y,z}
  \path[square fill, bg] [insert dia=\x-];

% 4: draw and fill the hexagons in the bg
\draw[hex fill, bg] (x-n) -- (z+s) -- (z+w) -- (y-n) -- (y-w) -- (x-w) -- cycle
                    (x-s) -- (z-s) -- (z-w) -- (y-s) -- (y-w) -- (x-w) -- cycle
                    (z+s) -- (z+e) -- (y+n) -- (y+w) -- (x-e) -- (x-n) -- cycle
                    (x-e) -- (x-s) -- (z-s) -- (z-e) -- (y+s) -- (y+w) -- cycle;

% 5: axes inside the cube
\foreach \x/\y/\z in {x/y/z, y/x/z, z/x/y}
  \draw[axis bg] (0,0,0) -- (xyz cs: \x=h, \y=0, \z=0);

% 6: hexagons in the fg
\draw[hex fill, fg] (x+n) -- (z+n) -- (z+w) -- (y-n) -- (y-e) -- (x+w) -- cycle
                    (y-e) -- (y-s) -- (z-w) -- (z-n) -- (x+s) -- (x+w) -- cycle
                    (z+e) -- (y+n) -- (y+e) -- (x+e) -- (x+n) -- (z+n) -- cycle
                    (y+s) -- (z-e) -- (z-n) -- (x+s) -- (x+e) -- (y+e) -- cycle;

% 7: diamonds in the fg
\foreach \x in {x,y,z}
  \draw[square fill, fg] [insert dia=\x+];

\draw[fg]                     (front-nw) rectangle (front-se) [insert dia=x+]
 {[canvas is xz plane at y=h] (front-ne) rectangle (back-se)  [insert dia=y+]}
 {[canvas is xy plane at z=h] (back-nw)  rectangle (front-ne) [insert dia=z+]};

% 9: the axes outside of the cube
\foreach \x/\y/\z in {x/y/z, y/x/z, z/x/y}
  \draw[axis fg] (xyz cs: \x=h, \y=0, \z=0) -- (xyz cs: \x=h + 1.5, \y=0, \z=0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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