Erro na matriz de pacotes: token pream ilegal (\caption): `c' usado

Question

Eu encontro esse erro

Package array Error: Illegal pream-token (\caption): `c' used."

por favor me ajude a consertar isso. Obrigado

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[letterpaper,top=2cm,bottom=2cm,
   left=3cm,right=3cm,marginparwidth=1.75cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{afterpage}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{makecell}
\afterpage{
\begin{longtable}[h!]
    \caption{Table 1: Features comparison} 
    \label{tab:my_label} \\
    \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{|%
    >{\centering\arraybackslash}X|>{\centering\arraybackslash}X|
    >{\centering\arraybackslash}X|>{\centering\arraybackslash}X|
    >{\centering\arraybackslash}X|>{\centering\arraybackslash}X|}
        \hline
        Authors &  Topic & Scalability & Comparison & Theoretical Value & Application\\
        \hline
        \cite{alzahrani2018detection}Alzahrani et al. 2018 & DDoS attack & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{biggio2011support}Biggio et al. 2011 & Adversarial attack & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{biggio2012poisoning}Biggio et al. 2012 & Poisoning attacks & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{chen2018detecting}Chen et al. 2018 & Activation clustering & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{fredrikson2015model}Fredrikson et al. 2015 & Inversion attacks & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{fredrikson2014privacy}Fredrikson et al. 2014 & Inversion attacks & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{goodfellow2014explaining}Goodfellow, et al. 2014 &  &  &  &  & \\
        \hline
        \cite{gu2017badnets}Gu, et al. 2017 &  &  &  &  & \\
        \hline
        \cite{hu2021artificial}Hu, et al. 2021 &  &  &  &  & \\
        \hline
        \cite{jaszcz2022aimm}Jaszc, et al. 2022 &  &  &  &  & \\
        \hline
        \cite{alzahrani2018detection}Alzahrani et al. 2018 & DDoS attack & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{biggio2011support}Biggio et al. 2011 & Adversarial attack & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{biggio2012poisoning}Biggio et al. 2012 & Poisoning attacks & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{chen2018detecting}Chen et al. 2018 & Activation clustering & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{fredrikson2015model}Fredrikson et al. 2015 & Inversion attacks & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{fredrikson2014privacy}Fredrikson et al. 2014 & Inversion attacks & No & No & No & \\
        \hline
        \cite{goodfellow2014explaining}Goodfellow, et al. 2014 &  &  &  &  & \\
        \hline
        \cite{gu2017badnets}Gu, et al. 2017 &  &  &  &  & \\
        \hline
        \cite{hu2021artificial}Hu, et al. 2021 &  &  &  &  & \\
        \hline
        \cite{jaszcz2022aimm}Jaszc, et al. 2022 &  &  &  &  & \\
        \hline
    \end{tabularx}
\end{longtable}
}
\afterpage{
\bibliographystyle{splncs04}
\bibliography{splncs04}
}
\end{document} %This is the error location

Answer 1

Você não deve aninhar um tabularxambiente dentro de um longtableambiente. Além disso, como longtablenão é um float (no sentido específico da palavra LaTeX), não faz sentido fornecer um especificador de posicionamento como [h!].

Presumirei que o que você realmente deseja empregar é um xltabularambiente (fornecido peloxltabularpacote), que combina as capacidades de longtablee tabularxem umambiente único. Observe que xltabular, como tabularx, levadoisargumentos: (i) a largura alvo (aqui: \textwidth) e (ii) o grupo de especificações de coluna.

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[letterpaper,vmargin=2cm,hmargin=3cm,
            marginparwidth=1.75cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
%\usepackage{longtable}
%\usepackage{tabularx}
%\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{xltabular}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}X}  % centered
\newcolumntype{L}{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}X}% left-aligned

\usepackage{caption}

\begin{document}
\setlength\extrarowheight{2pt} % for a less-cramped "look"

\begin{xltabular}{\textwidth}{|L|C|c|c|C|C|}

    % headers and footers
    \caption{Comparison of features} \label{tab:my_label} \\
    \hline
    Authors &  Topic & Scalability & Comparison & Theoretical Value & Application\\
    \hline
    \endfirsthead
    
    \multicolumn{6}{l}{\tablename\ \thetable, continued} \\[1ex]
    \hline
    Authors &  Topic & Scalability & Comparison & Theoretical Value & Application\\
    \hline
    \endhead
    
    \hline
    \multicolumn{6}{r}{\footnotesize (continued on next page)}\\
    \endfoot
    
    \endlastfoot
    
    
    % body of table
    \cite{alzahrani2018detection}Alzahrani et~al.\ 2018 & DDoS attack & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{biggio2011support}Biggio et~al.\ 2011 & Adversarial attack & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{biggio2012poisoning}Biggio et~al.\ 2012 & Poisoning attacks & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{chen2018detecting}Chen et~al.\ 2018 & Activation clustering & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{fredrikson2015model}Fredrikson et~al.\ 2015 & Inversion attacks & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{fredrikson2014privacy}Fredrikson et~al.\ 2014 & Inversion attacks & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{goodfellow2014explaining}Goodfellow et~al.\ 2014 & & & & & \\
    \hline
    \cite{gu2017badnets}Gu et~al.\ 2017 & & & & & \\
    \hline
    \cite{hu2021artificial}Hu et~al.\ 2021 & & & & & \\
    \hline
    \cite{jaszcz2022aimm}Jaszc et~al.\ 2022 & & & & & \\
    \hline
    \cite{alzahrani2018detection}Alzahrani et~al.\ 2018 & DDoS attack & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{biggio2011support}Biggio et~al.\ 2011 & Adversarial attack & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{biggio2012poisoning}Biggio et~al.\ 2012 & Poisoning attacks & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{chen2018detecting}Chen et~al.\ 2018 & Activation clustering & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{fredrikson2015model}Fredrikson et~al.\ 2015 & Inversion attacks & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{fredrikson2014privacy}Fredrikson et~al.\ 2014 & Inversion attacks & No & No & No & \\
    \hline
    \cite{goodfellow2014explaining}Goodfellow et~al.\ 2014 & & & & & \\
    \hline
    \cite{gu2017badnets}Gu et~al.\ 2017 & & & & & \\
    \hline
    \cite{hu2021artificial}Hu et~al.\ 2021 & & & & & \\
    \hline
    \cite{jaszcz2022aimm}Jaszc et~al.\ 2022 & & & & & \\
    \hline

\end{xltabular}

\end{document}