Fundo: Estou tentando configurar um servidor Ubuntu para executar um aplicativo node.js com https. Anteriormente, tudo funcionava bem com http (configurado há um ano) e queria abrir o firewall para :443 e redirecioná-lo para :8443:
sudo ufw allow 443/tcp
sudo iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8443
Ao testar meu aplicativo, descobri que a solicitação https não foi registrada no aplicativo (nada nos logs do aplicativo e o navegador nunca obtém uma resposta à solicitação). Quando faço ping no servidor, também não recebo resposta (nem atinge o tempo limite). Meu painel do provedor de nuvem também afirma que não é possível executar ping no servidor, e a configuração do firewall do provedor de nuvem também diz que 443 é permitido para todos os tcp. ... Mas ainda posso fazer ssh no servidor sem problemas.
Pergunta Como posso solucionar isso? Tanto quanto eu posso dizer
- :443 é permitido no firewall
- :443 redireciona para :8443
- nó está escutando: 8443
sudo ufw status
To Action From
-- ------ ----
80/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
443/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
80/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
443/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
sudo iptables -t nat -L -n -v
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 9477 packets, 1121K bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
1413K 59M REDIRECT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 redir ports 8080
0 0 REDIRECT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 redir ports 8080
0 0 REDIRECT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 redir ports 8080
0 0 REDIRECT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 redir ports 8080
0 0 REDIRECT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 redir ports 8080
0 0 REDIRECT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443 redir ports 8443
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 6826 packets, 410K bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 74 packets, 6925 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 74 packets, 6925 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
sudo netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.53:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 108911/systemd-reso
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 112287/sshd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1022 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 125785/sshd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 112287/sshd
tcp6 0 0 :::8443 :::* LISTEN 125414/node
tcp6 0 0 :::1022 :::* LISTEN 125785/sshd
sudo iptables -L -nv
Chain INPUT (policy DROP 120 packets, 30108 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8443
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8443
381K 34M ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8080
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8443
998 94467 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8080
8163 1107K ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
54M 15G ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
2892K 172M ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22
Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 5873 packets, 874K bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-after-forward (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-after-input (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-after-logging-forward (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-after-logging-input (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-after-logging-output (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-after-output (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-before-forward (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-before-input (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-before-logging-forward (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-before-logging-input (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-before-logging-output (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-before-output (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-logging-allow (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-logging-deny (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-not-local (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-reject-forward (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-reject-input (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-reject-output (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-skip-to-policy-forward (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-skip-to-policy-input (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-skip-to-policy-output (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-track-forward (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-track-input (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-track-output (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-user-forward (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-user-input (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443
Chain ufw-user-limit (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-user-limit-accept (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-user-logging-forward (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-user-logging-input (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-user-logging-output (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain ufw-user-output (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Responder1
Reinicie o ufw.
sudo systemctl restart ufw
A saída do iptables mostra que a maioria das regras adicionadas pelo ufw estão faltando. Isso é causado pela liberação manual das tabelas (por exemplo, sudo iptables -F) enquanto o ufw ainda está em execução, algo que obviamente também liberará as regras do ufw e causará muitas quebras, mas tutoriais aleatórios da Internet lhe dirão o que fazer.