Atualmente estou tentando configurar um servidor de e-mail usando postfix, dovecot, amavis, sqlite, etc.
Digamos que eu tenha: mydomain.com e mail.mydomain.com (o registro MX aponta aqui)
Ao enviar um email para um endereço de email externo (digamos[e-mail protegido]), o postfix tenta encontrar esse e-mail no banco de dados da caixa de correio virtual. (Antes de configurar o sistema de correio virtual, eu poderia enviar mensagens por meio do comando mail.)
/var/log/mail.log:
Sep 12 12:34:11 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: initializing the server-side TLS engine
Sep 12 12:34:11 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: connect from unknown[myhomeip]
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: setting up TLS connection from unknown[myhomeip]
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: unknown[myhomeip]: TLS cipher list "aNULL:-aNULL:HIGH:MEDIUM:+RC4:@STRENGTH:!aNULL:!LOW:!EXP:!MEDIUM:!ADH:!AECDH:!MD5:!DSS:!ECDSA:!3DES:!DES:!eNULL:!RC4:!CBC3-SHA:!PSK"
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:before SSL initialization
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:before SSL initialization
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: unknown[myhomeip]: Decrypting session ticket, key expiration: 1631442310
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:SSLv3/TLS read client hello
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:SSLv3/TLS write server hello
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:SSLv3/TLS write change cipher spec
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:TLSv1.3 write encrypted extensions
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:SSLv3/TLS write finished
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:TLSv1.3 early data
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:TLSv1.3 early data
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: SSL_accept:SSLv3/TLS read finished
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: unknown[myhomeip]: Reusing old session (RFC 5077 session ticket)
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: Anonymous TLS connection established from unknown[myhomeip]: TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits)
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: 502B781E4E: client=unknown[myhomeip], sasl_method=PLAIN, [email protected]
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/cleanup[7700]: 502B781E4E: message-id=<[email protected]>
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/qmgr[6826]: 502B781E4E: from=<[email protected]>, size=330, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[7695]: disconnect from unknown[myhomeip] ehlo=2 starttls=1 auth=1 mail=1 rcpt=1 data=1 commands=7
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail dovecot: imap([email protected])<7250><x83QYcnLPEhehlnC>: Connection closed (noop finished 0.207 secs ago) in=1695 out=5945 deleted=0 expunged=0 trashed=0 hdr_count=1 hdr_bytes=241 body_count=0 body_bytes=0
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/smtpd[7704]: initializing the server-side TLS engine
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/smtpd[7704]: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/smtpd[7704]: B4A9F81E73: client=localhost[127.0.0.1]
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/cleanup[7700]: B4A9F81E73: message-id=<[email protected]>
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/qmgr[6826]: B4A9F81E73: from=<[email protected]>, size=780, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/smtpd[7704]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1] ehlo=1 mail=1 rcpt=1 data=1 quit=1 commands=5
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail amavis[847]: (00847-08) Passed CLEAN {RelayedOpenRelay}, [myhomeip]:18412 [myhomeip] <[email protected]> -> <[email protected]>, Queue-ID: 502B781E4E, Message-ID: <[email protected]>, mail_id: thEgZdv5F-0T, Hits: 0.688, size: 330, queued_as: B4A9F81E73, 327 ms
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/lmtp[7701]: 502B781E4E: to=<[email protected]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=0.5, delays=0.14/0.01/0.01/0.34, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 from MTA(smtp:[127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as B4A9F81E73)
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/qmgr[6826]: 502B781E4E: removed
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/virtual[7705]: B4A9F81E73: to=<[email protected]>, relay=virtual, delay=0.06, delays=0/0.03/0/0.02, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (unknown user: "[email protected]")
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/cleanup[7700]: C2D3C81E74: message-id=<[email protected]>
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/qmgr[6826]: C2D3C81E74: from=<>, size=2692, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/bounce[7706]: B4A9F81E73: sender non-delivery notification: C2D3C81E74
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/qmgr[6826]: B4A9F81E73: removed
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/virtual[7705]: C2D3C81E74: to=<[email protected]>, relay=virtual, delay=0.01, delays=0/0/0/0, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to maildir)
Sep 12 12:34:12 mail postfix/qmgr[6826]: C2D3C81E74: removed
Sep 12 12:34:19 mail dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<[email protected]>, method=PLAIN, rip=myhomeip, lip=myserverip, mpid=7712, TLS, session=<B00g5MnL7kdehlnC>
Observe o usuário desconhecido status=bounced na linha 33. Também recebo isso do mailer-daemon: Diagnostic-Code: X-Postfix; usuário desconhecido: "[e-mail protegido]"
Posso receber e-mails externos e posso receber/enviar e-mails se enviar do meu domínio para o meu domínio.
Meu nome de host é mail.meudominio.com
Meu arquivo hosts:
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 mail.mydomain.com
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
myserverip mydomain.com
Conteúdo de transporte SQL:
sqlite> SELECT * FROM transports;
mydomain.com|1001|virtual:
Saída do postconf -n:
append_dot_mydomain = no
biff = no
compatibility_level = 2
content_filter = lmtp-amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = ipv4
local_recipient_maps =
mailbox_size_limit = 1024
masquerade_domains = $mydomain
mydestination = $mydomain, $myhostname, localhost.mydomain.com, localhost
myhostname = mail.mydomain.com
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
myorigin = /etc/mailname
readme_directory = no
recipient_delimiter = +
relayhost =
smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers = LOW, EXP
smtp_tls_loglevel = 2
smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1
smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1
smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU)
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unknown_client_hostname
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,defer_unauth_destination
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.mydomain.com/fullchain.pem
smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file = /etc/letsencrypt/dhparams.pem
smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers = aNULL, LOW, EXP, MEDIUM, ADH, AECDH, MD5, DSS, ECDSA, 3DES, DES, eNULL, RC4, CBC3-SHA, PSK
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.mydomain.com/privkey.pem
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 2
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1
smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
tls_preempt_cipherlist = yes
tls_ssl_options = NO_RENEGOTIATION
transport_maps = sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_transports_maps.cf
virtual_alias_maps = sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_alias_maps.cf
virtual_gid_maps = static:1001
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/mail/
virtual_mailbox_maps = sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_uid_maps = static:1001
/etc/mailname contém meudominio.com
Conteúdo de master.cf:
smtp inet n - y - - smtpd
submission inet n - y - - smtpd
-o syslog_name=postfix/submission
-o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=no
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
-o smtpd_tls_auth_only=yes
-o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
-o smtpd_sasl_type=dovecot
-o smtpd_sasl_path=private/auth
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
smtps inet n - y - - smtpd
-o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
-o smtpd_tls_auth_only=yes
-o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
lmtp-amavis unix - - - - 2 lmtp
-o lmtp_data_done_timeout=1200
-o lmtp_send_xforward_command=yes
-o max_use=20
127.0.0.1:10025 inet n - n - - smtpd
-o content_filter=
-o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
-o smtpd_delay_reject=no
-o smtpd_helo_restrictions=
-o smtpd_sender_restrictions=
-o smtpd_data_restrictions=reject_unauth_pipelining
-o smtpd_end_of_data_restrictions=
-o smtpd_restriction_classes=
-o smtpd_error_sleep_time=0
-o smtpd_soft_error_limit=1001
-o smtpd_hard_error_limit=1000
-o smtpd_client_connection_count_limit=0
-o smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit=0
-o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks,no_unknown_recipient_checks,no_milters,no_address_mappings
-o local_header_rewrite_clients=
-o smtpd_milters=
-o local_recipient_maps=
-o relay_recipient_maps=
pickup unix n - y 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - y - 0 cleanup
-o header_checks=regexp:/etc/postfix/header_checks
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
tlsmgr unix - - y 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - y - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - y - 0 bounce
defer unix - - y - 0 bounce
trace unix - - y - 0 bounce
verify unix - - y - 1 verify
flush unix n - y 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - y - - smtp
relay unix - - y - - smtp
-o syslog_name=postfix/$service_name
showq unix n - y - - showq
error unix - - y - - error
retry unix - - y - - error
discard unix - - y - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - y - - lmtp
anvil unix - - y - 1 anvil
scache unix - - y - 1 scache
postlog unix-dgram n - n - 1 postlogd
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
Já tentei várias configurações do mydestination.
Obrigado pela ajuda !
Responder1
O Postfix pode selecionar virtualdomínios que não deveria manipular quandouma de suas pesquisas retorna um (qualquer) resultado quando não deveria: afalso positivo.
É provável transport_mapsou virtual_mailbox_domains(o padrão é adiar virtual_mailbox_maps). Você provou esta teoria seambosseu domínio e aquele que de fato deveria ser retransmitido produzem resultados de uma de suas pesquisas configuradas, por exemplo, tente isto:
postmap -q [email protected] sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
postmap -q [email protected] sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
postmap -q @other.example sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
postmap -q mydomain.example sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_transports_maps.cf
postmap -q other.example sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_transports_maps.cf
Se você obteve resultados para ambos, dê uma olhada severa na consulta, especificamente na WHEREcláusula com o espaço reservado (começando com %) edetermine por que ele retorna mais resultados para domínios que você não colocou explicitamente em seu banco de dados.Retornando a própria chave ou resultados estáticosécomum no Postfix, portanto não aciona um aviso. Simplesmente não é útil para o seu caso.
eu não useiAmavisdesta forma, mas acredito que a prioridadetransportesno Postfix não é necessário para casos de uso padrão como este. Em vez disso, use o fato de que o Postfix irá verificar o respectivotransporte_mailbox_domains pesquisas para determinar quais domínios e caixas de correio são transportados e como.
Talvez você não precise substituir o transporte para isso e provavelmente obterá uma configuração mais flexível e menos propensa a erros se listar seus domínios virtuais em virtual_mailbox_domainsvez de transport_mapse usar o último apenas para substituições específicas.