CentOS 7.2: Конфигурация репозитория Yum не удалась

Question

Свежая установка CentOS 7.2.1511. Сервер изначально был настроен с помощью Network Manager, и yum работал нормально. Недавно отключил Network Manager и настроил сеть с помощью традиционной службы (/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts). Сетевым картам были назначены новые IP-адреса. Изначально настройка была в сети 10.xxx, теперь в сети 192.168.xx.

При попытке запустить yum возникает следующая ошибка:

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
http://mirror.centos.org/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
To address this issue please refer to the below knowledge base article 

https://access.redhat.com/articles/1320623

If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please create a bug on https://bugs.centos.org/

http://mirror.centos.org/centos/%24releasever/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.


 One of the configured repositories failed (CentOS-$releasever - Extras),
 and yum doesn't have enough cached data to continue. At this point the only
 safe thing yum can do is fail. There are a few ways to work "fix" this:

 1. Contact the upstream for the repository and get them to fix the problem.

 2. Reconfigure the baseurl/etc. for the repository, to point to a working
    upstream. This is most often useful if you are using a newer
    distribution release than is supported by the repository (and the
    packages for the previous distribution release still work).

 3. Disable the repository, so yum won't use it by default. Yum will then
    just ignore the repository until you permanently enable it again or use
    --enablerepo for temporary usage:

        yum-config-manager --disable extras

 4. Configure the failing repository to be skipped, if it is unavailable.
    Note that yum will try to contact the repo. when it runs most commands,
    so will have to try and fail each time (and thus. yum will be be much
    slower). If it is a very temporary problem though, this is often a nice
    compromise:

        yum-config-manager --save --setopt=extras.skip_if_unavailable=true

failure: repodata/repomd.xml from extras: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found

Вот настройки сетевых интерфейсов. em1 и em2 имеют одинаковую базовую конфигурацию:

TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
NAME=em1
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
UUID=d67971e8-846d-428c-9a1d-ff2768ae6ddb
DEVICE=em1
HWADDR=14:18:77:69:D5:DB
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.x.x
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.x.x

Мой файл /etc/hosts:

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.x.x hostname

Мой файл /etc/resolv.conf:

nameserver 68.105.28.12
nameserver 68.105.29.11

Мой файл CentOS-Base.repo. Я раскомментировал настройки baseurl, чтобы посмотреть, сработает ли это:

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
# 
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
skip_if_unavailable = 1
keepcache = 0

#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

Результаты yum repolist:

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
http://mirror.centos.org/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml:   [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
To address this issue please refer to the below knowledge base article 

https://access.redhat.com/articles/1320623

If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please create a bug on   https://bugs.centos.org/

  http://mirror.centos.org/centos/%24releasever/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
http://mirror.centos.org/centos/%24releasever/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
http://mirror.centos.org/centos/%24releasever/updates/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
repo id                                                                           repo name                                                                         status
extras/$releasever/x86_64                                                       CentOS-$releasever - Extras                                                   0
updates/$releasever/x86_64                                                  CentOS-$releasever - Updates                                                  0
repolist: 0

Результат завивки:

curl 'http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=i386&repo=os'
http://mirrors.usc.edu/pub/linux/distributions/centos/6.8/os/i386/
http://mirror.lug.udel.edu/pub/centos/6.8/os/i386/
http://mirrors.lga7.us.voxel.net/centos/6.8/os/i386/
http://mirror.chpc.utah.edu/pub/centos/6.8/os/i386/
http://centos.unixheads.org/6.8/os/i386/
http://centos.mirror.lstn.net/6.8/os/i386/
http://centos.mirror.nac.net/6.8/os/i386/
http://mirror.tocici.com/centos/6.8/os/i386/
http://mirror.supremebytes.com/centos/6.8/os/i386/
http://mirror.steadfast.net/centos/6.8/os/i386/

Я могу пинговать внешние хосты и копать по доменным именам:

dig cnn.com

; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-29.el7_2.3 <<>> cnn.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 29420
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;cnn.com.           IN  A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
cnn.com.        156 IN  A   157.166.226.26
cnn.com.        156 IN  A   157.166.226.25

;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 68.105.28.12#53(68.105.28.12)
;; WHEN: Mon Jun 20 12:28:44 EDT 2016
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 68

Я уверен, что это как-то связано со старыми конфигурациями em1 и em2, когда они были привязаны к разным IP-адресам, но я не знаю, где еще искать. Что я могу упустить, чтобы yum заработал?

Answer 1

После дополнительных исследований я разобрался. Отсутствовала иерархия каталогов, и yum не мог определить мою версию CentOS. Выполнение следующих команд исправило это:

mkdir -p /etc/yum/vars
echo 7.2.1511 > /etc/yum/vars/releasever

Если у вас возникла эта проблема и ничего не помогло, замените «7.2.1511» на вашу собственную версию релиза.

ОБНОВЛЕНИЕ 21.05.2017: Путь "7.2.1511" устарел. Выполните следующую команду, чтобы yum продолжал работать, если вы все еще используете CentOS 7.2.1511:

echo 7 > /etc/yum/vars/releasever

Это должно помочь, если вы вдруг обнаружите, что yum перестал работать.

Answer 2

Источник

Обходной путь — выполнить следующую команду.

rm -fr /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7
yum clean all

Это сработало для меня. CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

Answer 3

http://mirror.centos.org/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Ошибка HTTP 404 — Не найдено. Попытка использовать другое зеркало.

Здесь вы найдете именно то, что вам нужно знать.

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/? release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
skip_if_unavailable = 1
keepcache = 0

#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?    release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?   release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?  release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

Обратите внимание на пробел между вопросительным знаком и параметрами.

http://mirrorlist.centos.org/? release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra

И вкладка

список зеркал=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/? release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra

Что вам нужно сделать, так это удалить пробел между ?иrelease