Если рисунков слишком много, измените геометрию страницы, чтобы разместить больше рисунков после текста.

Question

Моя проблема заключается в следующем: мне нужно добавить в отчет много цифр. Обычно эти цифры составляют около 0,4 высоты страницы. С подписью высота составляет около 0,55 или около того. В любом случае, две цифры не помещаются на одной странице.

В итоге у меня получилось, например, что-то вроде этого:

В файле .tex это будет выглядеть так:

\documentclass[a4paper,titlepage]{article}
\usepackage[pass]{geometry}
\usepackage{changepage} 
\usepackage[margin=0.8cm]{caption}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subcaption}

\begin{document}

\section{Section 1}

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 1}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 2}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 3}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 4}
\end{figure}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 5}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 6}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\clearpage
\newpage

\section{Section 2}
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\end{document}

Обычно я добавляю '\clearpage' '\newpage' в конце раздела, чтобы избежать попадания рисунков из раздела 1 в раздел 2. Итак, по сути, смотрите на картинку, у меня есть:

• страница 0 с началом раздела и комментариями к рис. 1
• страница 1 с рис. 1 и комментариями к рис. 2,3,4
• страница 2 с рис. 2 и комментариями к рис. 5,6
• страница 3 только с рис. 3
• страница 4 только с рис. 4
• страница 5 только с рис. 5
• стр. 6 с рис. 6.

Эта последняя часть, где на страницах 3, 4, 5 и 6 всего одна иллюстрация, меня беспокоит...

Я хотел бы узнать, есть ли возможность, которая позволит мнеизменить геометрию страниц, чтобы поместить два рисунка на одной странице, когда текста больше нет. В этом примере у нас тогда было бы то же самое для страниц 0, 1 и 2, но тогда я бы имел

• страница 3 с рис. 3 и рис. 4
• стр. 4 с рис. 5 и рис. 6.

Я представляю, что я мог бы сделать это вручную, просто скомпилировав код, который у меня уже есть, посмотрев на мой pdf и заметив, какие фигуры размещены после текста. Затем просто уберите их из текста и используйте '\newpage', затем включите все эти фигуры, изменив геометрию этих конкретных страниц... Но мне не очень нравится эта идея, и я задался вопросом, можно ли это автоматизировать.

Мне также интересно, возможно ли сделать это в середине текста: мы видим, что на странице 2 мы комментируем рис. 5 и 6, в то время как рис. 3, 4 еще не показаны. Можно ли заставить Latex изменить геометрию этой страницы и позволить рис. 3 появиться сразу после рис. 2 (на той же странице), а затем на следующей странице иметь рис. 4, а затем абзацы о рис. 5 и рис. 6...

Тогда мы бы имели

• страница 0 с началом раздела и комментариями к рис. 1
• страница 1 с рис. 1 и комментариями к рис. 2,3,4
• страница 2 с рис. 2 и рис. 3
• страница 3 с рис. 4 и комментариями к рис. 5 и 6
• стр. 4 с рис. 5 и 6

(Не знаю, понятно ли все это, но не стесняйтесь спрашивать, если вам нужна дополнительная информация.) Я знаю, что должен позволить LaTeX сделать это за меня, поскольку это его цель, но мне интересно, можно ли это сделать без особых усилий.

Спасибо !

Answer 1

[h!]просто затрудняет размещение фигур для латекса, он много жалуется и меняет его, чтобы [ht!]дать себе шанс, но вы всегда должны включать pдействительно, если у вас нет действительно веской причины не делать этого. Также нет смысла использовать его регулярно, !так как это означает игнорировать ограничения, установленные пользователем. Лучше изменить ограничения, если они не подходят, чем устанавливать их, а затем игнорировать.

Код, используемый здесь для втисивания двух фигур на плавающую страницу, немного хакерский, но работает нормально. Лично я бы просто уменьшил цифры, чтобы две поместились на обычной странице, и тогда в этом не было бы необходимости.

\documentclass[a4paper,titlepage]{article}
\usepackage[pass]{geometry}
\usepackage{changepage} 
\usepackage[margin=0.8cm]{caption}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{0.7}
\makeatletter
\setlength\@fpbot{-.5cm plus 1fil}
\setlength\@fptop{-1.5cm}
\setlength\@fpsep{-2cm plus 1fill}
\makeatother
\begin{document}

\section{Section 1}

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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               FIGURE               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 1}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 2}
\end{figure}
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\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 3}
\end{figure}
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\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 4}
\end{figure}
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\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 5}
\end{figure}
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\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
\makebox[\columnwidth]{\rule{\columnwidth}{10.5 cm}}
\caption{FIG 6}
\end{figure}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\clearpage


\section{Section 2}
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\end{document}