Как построить волны, представляющие беспроводное соединение, и установить точную ширину прямоугольника от одной точки до другой

Question

На следующей схеме представлены два устройства, подключенные по беспроводной сети.

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[active,tightpage]{preview}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows.meta,calc,fit,backgrounds,shapes.multipart,positioning}
\tikzset{box/.style={draw, rectangle, rounded corners, thick, node 
distance=7em, 
text width=6em, text centered, minimum height=3.5em}}
%\tikzset{line/.style={draw, thick, -{Latex[length=2mm,width=1mm]}}}
\tikzset{every node/.style={font=\footnotesize}}

\PreviewEnvironment{tikzpicture}
%=======================================
% Adjust the boarder of the flowchart
%=======================================
\setlength\PreviewBorder{4pt}%

\begin{document}
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
%  Define block styles
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\tikzset{
block/.style={rectangle split, draw, rectangle split parts=2,text width=14em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em},
brwblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=brown!20, text width=13em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=3em, minimum width=30em}, 
whtblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=white!20, text width=14em, text centered, minimum height=4em},  
vertblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=cyan!20, text width=17em, text centered, minimum width=2em, minimum height=2em},   
line/.style={draw, {latex[length=5mm,width=5mm]}-{latex[length=5mm,width=5mm]}},
cloud/.style={draw, ellipse,fill=white!20, node distance=3cm,    minimum height=4em},  
% container/.style={draw, rectangle,dashed,inner sep=0.28cm, rounded corners,fill=yellow!20,minimum height=4cm}}
container1/.style={draw, rectangle,inner sep=0.4cm,fill=blue!8,minimum height=4cm,rounded corners},
container2/.style={draw, rectangle,inner sep=0.28cm,fill=green!10,minimum height=4em,rounded corners}}
%************************************************************
%************************************************************ 
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 1.25cm, auto,every text node part/.style={align=center}]
%
%===============================================    
%  Reader
%===============================================  
  \node [whtblock,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=magenta!15] (LBT) {LBT \\[0.5em]Reader Anti-Collision Protocol};   
  \node [whtblock, below=of LBT, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=green!15] (FSA) {FSA \\[0.5em]Anti-Collision Protocol};
  \node [whtblock, below=of FSA, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=yellow!20] (PHY) {PHY Layer};
  \node [whtblock, below=of PHY, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] (AT) {Active Transceiver};
%*****************
% TAG
%***************

  \node [whtblock, right=of AT, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,shift={(2.8cm,0)}] (PTtag) {Passive Transceiver};
  \node [whtblock, above=of PTtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=yellow!20] (PHYtag) {PHY Layer};

  \node [whtblock, above=of PHYtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=green!15] (FSAtag) {FSA \\[0.5em]Anti-Collision Protocol};

  \node [vertblock, right=of PHYtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,shift={(0cm,3.7cm)},fill=pink!30,rotate=-90] (EHtag) {Energy Harvester};
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%   CONTAINERS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
  \coordinate (aux1) at ([yshift=3mm]LBT.north);
  \node [container1,fit=(aux1) (FSA)(PHY)(AT)] (Reader) {};
  \node at (Reader.north) [fill=white,draw,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {\textbf{Reader}};
%-----------------------------------------------------------
  \coordinate (aux2) at ([yshift=3mm]FSAtag.north);
  \node [container1,fit=(aux2) (PHYtag)(FSAtag)(PTtag)(EHtag)] (TAG) {};
  \node at (TAG.north) [fill=white,draw,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {\textbf{Tag}};
\end{scope}

 \node[brwblock,shift={(0,8.0cm)},minimum width=18cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] at ($(Reader)!.5!(TAG)$) {\textbf{Scenario Setup}};

%************************************************************
%************************************************************
%  Draw edges
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (LBT.south) -- (FSA.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (FSA.south) -- (PHY.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (PHY.south) -- (AT.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (FSAtag.south) -- (PHYtag.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (PTtag.north) -- (PHYtag.south);

\draw [-Latex,darkgray,very thick] ([yshift=6pt]AT.east) -- node [above,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {Power-Up \\[0.5em] Link} ([yshift=6pt]PTtag.west);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray,very thick] ([yshift=-6pt]PTtag.west) -- node [below,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {Backscattered \\[0.5em] Link} ([yshift=-6pt]AT.east);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= -10pt]PTtag.east) -- ([yshift=-94pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= +10pt]PTtag.east) -- ([yshift=-74pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]PHYtag.east) -- ([yshift=-1pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]PHYtag.east) -- ([yshift=-1pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]FSAtag.east) -- ([yshift=82pt]EHtag.south);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Я хотел бы заменить горизонтальные стрелки надписей "Power-Up Link" и "Backscattered Link" на кривые, представляющие волны, затухающие с расстоянием, как те, что я нарисовал от руки. Амплитуда волны должна быть больше в Power-up Link, чем в Backscattered Link. Я не знаю, как это сделать, и не нашел ни одного похожего графика.

Кроме того, я хотел бы спросить, как установить точную ширину крышки ящика "Scenario Setup" от левой стороны контейнера Reader до правой стороны контейнера Tag. Я тестировал значения in, minimum width=но \node[brwblock,shift={(0,8.0cm)},minimum width=18cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] at ($(Reader)!.5!(TAG)$) {\textbf{Scenario Setup}};они не подходят по ширине к обоим контейнерам.

У коробки Energy Harvester та же проблема. Я бы хотел расширить эту коробку от верха FSA до низа Passive Transceiver, но сложно подобрать такую ​​длину, используя text width=стиль vertblock.

Аналогичным образом я отрегулировал yshiftзначения линий стрелок между блоком Energy Harvester и остальными блоками так, чтобы они были горизонтальными, но сложно определить, каково соответствующее смещение по оси Y, чтобы сделать горизонтальную стрелку, указывающую из этого блока на FSA, PHY-уровень и пассивный приемопередатчик.

Я не знаю, можно ли ответить на эти вопросы одним вопросом или мне следует задать их по отдельности.

Answer 1

Вы можете просто использовать expanding wavesукрашение и отрезать ненужные части.

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[active,tightpage]{preview}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows.meta,calc,fit,backgrounds,shapes.multipart,positioning,decorations.pathreplacing}
\tikzset{box/.style={draw, rectangle, rounded corners, thick, node 
distance=7em, 
text width=6em, text centered, minimum height=3.5em}}
%\tikzset{line/.style={draw, thick, -{Latex[length=2mm,width=1mm]}}}
\tikzset{every node/.style={font=\footnotesize}}

\PreviewEnvironment{tikzpicture}
%=======================================
% Adjust the boarder of the flowchart
%=======================================
\setlength\PreviewBorder{4pt}%

\begin{document}
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
%  Define block styles
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\tikzset{
block/.style={rectangle split, draw, rectangle split parts=2,text width=14em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em},
brwblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=brown!20, text width=13em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=3em, minimum width=30em}, 
whtblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=white!20, text width=14em, text centered, minimum height=4em},  
vertblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=cyan!20, text width=17em, text centered, minimum width=2em, minimum height=2em},   
line/.style={draw, {latex[length=5mm,width=5mm]}-{latex[length=5mm,width=5mm]}},
cloud/.style={draw, ellipse,fill=white!20, node distance=3cm,    minimum height=4em},  
% container/.style={draw, rectangle,dashed,inner sep=0.28cm, rounded corners,fill=yellow!20,minimum height=4cm}}
container1/.style={draw, rectangle,inner sep=0.4cm,fill=blue!8,minimum height=4cm,rounded corners},
container2/.style={draw, rectangle,inner sep=0.28cm,fill=green!10,minimum height=4em,rounded corners}}
%************************************************************
%************************************************************ 
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 1.25cm, auto,every text node part/.style={align=center}]
%
%===============================================    
%  Reader
%===============================================  
  \node [whtblock,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=magenta!15] (LBT) {LBT \\[0.5em]Reader Anti-Collision Protocol};   
  \node [whtblock, below=of LBT, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=green!15] (FSA) {FSA \\[0.5em]Anti-Collision Protocol};
  \node [whtblock, below=of FSA, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=yellow!20] (PHY) {PHY Layer};
  \node [whtblock, below=of PHY, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] (AT) {Active Transceiver};
%*****************
% TAG
%***************

  \node [whtblock, right=of AT, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,shift={(2.8cm,0)}] (PTtag) {Passive Transceiver};
  \node [whtblock, above=of PTtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=yellow!20] (PHYtag) {PHY Layer};

  \node [whtblock, above=of PHYtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=green!15] (FSAtag) {FSA \\[0.5em]Anti-Collision Protocol};

  \node [vertblock, right=of PHYtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,shift={(0cm,3.7cm)},fill=pink!30,rotate=-90] (EHtag) {Energy Harvester};
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%   CONTAINERS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
  \coordinate (aux1) at ([yshift=3mm]LBT.north);
  \node [container1,fit=(aux1) (FSA)(PHY)(AT)] (Reader) {};
  \node at (Reader.north) [fill=white,draw,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {\textbf{Reader}};
%-----------------------------------------------------------
  \coordinate (aux2) at ([yshift=3mm]FSAtag.north);
  \node [container1,fit=(aux2) (PHYtag)(FSAtag)(PTtag)(EHtag)] (TAG) {};
  \node at (TAG.north) [fill=white,draw,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {\textbf{Tag}};
\end{scope}

 \node[brwblock,shift={(0,8.0cm)},minimum width=18cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] at ($(Reader)!.5!(TAG)$) {\textbf{Scenario Setup}};

%************************************************************
%************************************************************
%  Draw edges
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (LBT.south) -- (FSA.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (FSA.south) -- (PHY.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (PHY.south) -- (AT.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (FSAtag.south) -- (PHYtag.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (PTtag.north) -- (PHYtag.south);

\draw [-Latex,darkgray,very thick] ([yshift=6pt]AT.east) -- node [above,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {Power-Up \\[0.5em] Link} ([yshift=6pt]PTtag.west);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray,very thick] ([yshift=-6pt]PTtag.west) -- node [below,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {Backscattered \\[0.5em] Link} ([yshift=-6pt]AT.east);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= -10pt]PTtag.east) -- ([yshift=-94pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= +10pt]PTtag.east) -- ([yshift=-74pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]PHYtag.east) -- ([yshift=-1pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]PHYtag.east) -- ([yshift=-1pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]FSAtag.east) -- ([yshift=82pt]EHtag.south);
\begin{scope}
\clip ([yshift=24pt]AT.east) --([yshift=12pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=0pt]AT.east);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}] 
([yshift=12pt]AT.center) --([yshift=6pt]PTtag.west);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}
\clip ([yshift=-12pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=-8pt]AT.east)
-- ([yshift=-4pt]PTtag.west);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}] 
([yshift=-8pt]PTtag.center) --([yshift=-8pt]AT.east);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Если я заменю верхний зажимной прицел на

\begin{scope}
\clip[postaction=draw] ([yshift=24pt]AT.east) --([yshift=14pt]PTtag.west)--([yshift=10pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=0pt]AT.east);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}] 
([yshift=12pt]AT.center) --([yshift=6pt]PTtag.west);
\end{scope}

я получил

поэтому волна шире в точке, куда она приходит, т.е. в правом поле. Второй способ интерпретировать ваш комментарий — сделать входящую верхнюю волну шире в точке, куда она приходит, чем нижнюю волну в точке, откуда она уходит. Это можно сделать, например,

\begin{scope}
\clip ([yshift=24pt]AT.east) --([yshift=15pt]PTtag.west)--([yshift=9pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=0pt]AT.east);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}] 
([yshift=12pt]AT.center) --([yshift=6pt]PTtag.center);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}
\clip ([yshift=-12pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=-9pt]AT.east) --([yshift=-7pt]AT.east)
-- ([yshift=-4pt]PTtag.west);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}] 
([yshift=-8pt]PTtag.center) --([yshift=-8pt]AT.east);
\end{scope}