Как нарисовать такую ​​картинку с помощью tikz

Question

Может ли кто-нибудь помочь мне нарисовать эту картинку с помощью tikz?

код

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[thick,scale=10]
%
\coordinate (C1) at (0.3,-0.15);
\coordinate (C2) at (0.55,-0.15);
\coordinate (C3) at (0.425,-0.025);
\coordinate (C4) at (0.425,-0.275);
%
\coordinate (D1) at (0.85,-0.05);
\coordinate (D2) at (0.9,0.05);
\coordinate (D3) at (0.875,0.125);
\coordinate (D4) at (0.875,-0.125);
%
\coordinate (E1) at (0.375,0.375);
\coordinate (E2) at (0.625,0.375);
\coordinate (E3) at (0.525,0.425);
\coordinate (E4) at (0.525,0.325);
%
\coordinate (F1) at (0.15,0.015);
\coordinate (F2) at (0.1,-0.015);
\coordinate (F3) at (0.125,0.125);
\coordinate (F4) at (0.125,-0.125);
%
\coordinate (G1) at (0.375,-0.375);
\coordinate (G2) at (0.625,-0.375);
\coordinate (G3) at (0.475,-0.425);
\coordinate (G4) at (0.575,-0.325);

\begin{scope}[thick,dashed]
\draw (C1) -- (C4) -- (C2) -- (C3) -- (C1);
\draw (D1) -- (D4) -- (D2) -- (D3) -- (D1);
\draw (E1) -- (E4) -- (E2) -- (E3) -- (E1);
\draw (F1) -- (F4) -- (F2) -- (F3) -- (F1);
\draw (G1) -- (G4) -- (G2) -- (G3) -- (G1);
\end{scope}
\draw (F3) -- (F2) -- (C1) -- (C3) -- (E4) -- (E1);
\draw (C1) -- (C4) -- (G3) -- (G1) -- (F4) -- (F2);
\draw (D1) -- (C2) -- (C3) -- (E4) -- (E2) -- (D3) -- (D1);
\draw (D1) -- (C2) -- (C4) -- (G3) -- (G2) --(D4) -- (D1);
\draw (E2) -- (E3) -- (E1) -- (F3) -- (F2) -- (F4) -- (G1) -- (G3) --  (G2) -- (D4) -- (D1) -- (D3) --cycle;
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Answer 1

Как всегда с TikZ и 3D: создавайте графику от конца к началу. (Или используйте слои, но это все равно требует организации.)

1. задние стороны куба
2. задние края куба
3. бриллианты на заднем плане
4. шестиугольники внутри куба, но на обратной стороне
5. оси внутри куба
6. шестиугольники внутри куба, но на передней стороне
7. бриллианты спереди
8. передние стороны куба
9. оси вне куба

Я решил не заполнять передние стороны куба, поскольку это только испортило бы всю картину.

Код

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{3d,arrows.meta}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  x=(-120:1cm*sin 30), y=(0:1cm), z=(90:1cm),
  %
  % h: half the height of the cube
  % r: half the diagonal of the square sides that touch the cube
  declare function={h=2; r=1;},
  %
  bg/.style={densely dotted},
  fg/.style={solid},
  axis bg/.style={densely dashed},
  axis fg/.style={solid,-{Stealth[round,/tikz/fill opacity=1]}},
  %
  square fill/.style={fill=blue!50},
  hex fill/.style   ={fill=green!50},
  cube fill/.style  ={fill=red!50},
  % 
%   debug/.style={shape=rectangle,font=\tiny,text=gray,inner sep=0pt, fill=white},
  %
  fill opacity=.5,
  %
  insert dia/.style={
    insert path={(#1n) -- (#1e) -- (#1s) -- (#1w) -- cycle}},
]

% corners of the cube
\foreach \side/\sign in {back/-, front/+}
\coordinate (\side-nw) at (\sign h, -h,  h)
 coordinate (\side-ne) at (\sign h,  h,  h)
 coordinate (\side-se) at (\sign h,  h, -h)
 coordinate (\side-sw) at (\sign h, -h, -h);

% corners of the squares/diamonds that touch the cube
\foreach \sign in {+,-}
  \foreach \x/\y/\z in {x/y/z, y/x/z, z/y/x}
    \coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign n}}]
       (\x\sign n) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y= 0, \z= r)
     coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign e}}]
       (\x\sign e) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y= r, \z= 0)
     coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign s}}]
       (\x\sign s) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y= 0, \z=-r)
     coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign w}}]
       (\x\sign w) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y=-r, \z= 0)
     coordinate[label={[shape=coordinate,debug/.try]:{\x\sign m}}]
       (\x\sign m) at (xyz cs: \x=\sign h, \y= 0, \z= 0);

% 1: fill the cube's sides in the bg
\path[cube fill, bg]            (back-nw) rectangle (back-se)  [insert dia=x-]
  {[canvas is xz plane at y=-h] (back-nw) rectangle (front-sw) [insert dia=y-]}
  {[canvas is xy plane at z=-h] (back-sw) rectangle (front-se) [insert dia=z-]};

% 2: draw the lines of the cube in the bg
\draw[bg] (back-sw) -- (back-nw)
          (back-sw) -- (back-se)
          (back-sw) -- (front-sw);

% 3: fill the diamonds in the bg (no draw because this will done by the hexagons)
\foreach \x in {x,y,z}
  \path[square fill, bg] [insert dia=\x-];

% 4: draw and fill the hexagons in the bg
\draw[hex fill, bg] (x-n) -- (z+s) -- (z+w) -- (y-n) -- (y-w) -- (x-w) -- cycle
                    (x-s) -- (z-s) -- (z-w) -- (y-s) -- (y-w) -- (x-w) -- cycle
                    (z+s) -- (z+e) -- (y+n) -- (y+w) -- (x-e) -- (x-n) -- cycle
                    (x-e) -- (x-s) -- (z-s) -- (z-e) -- (y+s) -- (y+w) -- cycle;

% 5: axes inside the cube
\foreach \x/\y/\z in {x/y/z, y/x/z, z/x/y}
  \draw[axis bg] (0,0,0) -- (xyz cs: \x=h, \y=0, \z=0);

% 6: hexagons in the fg
\draw[hex fill, fg] (x+n) -- (z+n) -- (z+w) -- (y-n) -- (y-e) -- (x+w) -- cycle
                    (y-e) -- (y-s) -- (z-w) -- (z-n) -- (x+s) -- (x+w) -- cycle
                    (z+e) -- (y+n) -- (y+e) -- (x+e) -- (x+n) -- (z+n) -- cycle
                    (y+s) -- (z-e) -- (z-n) -- (x+s) -- (x+e) -- (y+e) -- cycle;

% 7: diamonds in the fg
\foreach \x in {x,y,z}
  \draw[square fill, fg] [insert dia=\x+];

\draw[fg]                     (front-nw) rectangle (front-se) [insert dia=x+]
 {[canvas is xz plane at y=h] (front-ne) rectangle (back-se)  [insert dia=y+]}
 {[canvas is xy plane at z=h] (back-nw)  rectangle (front-ne) [insert dia=z+]};

% 9: the axes outside of the cube
\foreach \x/\y/\z in {x/y/z, y/x/z, z/x/y}
  \draw[axis fg] (xyz cs: \x=h, \y=0, \z=0) -- (xyz cs: \x=h + 1.5, \y=0, \z=0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Выход