Latex/MikTex Разместите несколько рисунков в двухколоночном документе статьи

Question

Если я добавлю \lipsum[1-10]( \usepackage{lipsum}сразу перед предоставленным вами кодом и исправлю код рисунка, то получу именно то, что вы, по-видимому, хотите.

Я только перешел timesна mathptmx(первое устарело).

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper,twoside,twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[left=0.53in,right=0.83in,top=0.3in,bottom=1.7in]{geometry}
%\usepackage[hmarginratio=1:1]{geometry}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
%\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{mathptmx}
\usepackage{lettrine}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{etoolbox}% http://ctan.org/pkg/etoolbox
\usepackage{sectsty}
\usepackage{lipsum}
%\usepackage{float}
%\usepackage[hang]{footmisc}
%
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand\thesection{\Roman{section}.}
%\renewcommand\thesubsection{\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\setlength{\columnsep}{0.43cm}
\setlength{\parindent}{0.16in}
%\setlength\footnotemargin{10pt} %
%\footnotesep is the space between footnotes:
%\setlength{\footnotesep}{0.5cm}
%\footins is the space between the text body and the footnotes:
\setlength{\skip\footins}{0.70cm}
\renewcommand*\footnoterule{}
%\pagestyle{myheadings}
%\pdfpagewidth 8.5in
%\pdfpageheight 11in
\headheight 55pt
%\footerheight 55pt
%\rhead{\scriptsize{\thepage}}
%\chead{Middle top}
%\lhead{\scriptsize{IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS, VOL. 11, NO. 7, JULY 2004}}
\fancyhead[LE,RO]{\scriptsize{\thepage}}
\fancyhead[LO,RE]{\scriptsize{IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS, VOL. 11, NO. 7, JULY 2004}}
\cfoot{}
%\rfoot{Right bottom}
%\cfoot{\thepage}
%\lfoot{Left bottom}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
%Control the footnote indent
%\makeatletter
%\renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
 % \noindent\makebox[0.1em][r]{\@makefnmark}#1}
%\makeatother
%
%{\normalfont\fontfamily{phv}\fontsize{16}{19}\bfseries}{\thesection}{1em}{}
%\titleformat{\section}
 % {\normalfont\fontfamily{ptmr}\fontsize{16}{19}}{\thesection}{1em}{}
%\titleformat{\subsection}
 % {\normalfont\fontfamily{ptmr}\fontsize{14}{17}}{\thesubsection}{1em}{}
%\titleformat{\subsubsection}
 % {\normalfont\fontfamily{ptmr}\fontsize{14}{17}}{\thesubsubsection}{1em}{}
%
\makeatletter
%\patchcmd{\@makechapterhead}{\bfseries}{\relax}{}{}% Non-bold \chapter name
%\patchcmd{\@makechapterhead}{\bfseries}{\relax}{}{}% Non-bold \chapter title
\patchcmd{\section}{\bfseries}{\relax}{}{}% Non-bold \section
\patchcmd{\subsection}{\bfseries}{\relax}{}{}% Non-bold \subsection
\makeatother
%
\allsectionsfont{\centering}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Alter some LaTeX defaults for better treatment of figures:
    % See p.105 of "TeX Unbound" for suggested values.
    % See pp. 199-200 of Lamport's "LaTeX" book for details.
    %   General parameters, for ALL pages:
    \renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.9}    % max fraction of floats at top
    \renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.8} % max fraction of floats at bottom
    %   Parameters for TEXT pages (not float pages):
    \setcounter{topnumber}{2}
    \setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
    \setcounter{totalnumber}{4}     % 2 may work better
    \setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}    % for 2-column pages
    \renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{0.9} % fit big float above 2-col. text
    \renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.07}  % allow minimal text w. figs
    %   Parameters for FLOAT pages (not text pages):
    \renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.7}  % require fuller float pages
    % N.B.: floatpagefraction MUST be less than topfraction !!
    \renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{0.7}   % require fuller float pages

    % remember to use [htp] or [htpb] for placement
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{document}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\lipsum[1-10]

%%%%%%%% ORIGINAL CODE (fixed)
\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=3.0in]{Image1}
\caption{(a) Intensity profile extracted from a real image. (b) The estimated 1st 
derivative information. (c) The estimated contrast information with $\sigma = 2:0.$}
\label{Fig1}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.75\columnwidth]{Image3}
  \caption{Definition of contrast.}
  \label{Fig2}
\end{figure}

By convoluting a profile  $ I(x) $ with this operator, we have
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:3}
\varphi (x)=I(x)\otimes B(x)= I(x) - I(x)\otimes N(x;0,\sigma).
\end{equation}
Basically, $\varphi (x)$ can be imagined as the 2nd derivative of the profile I(x). 
Moreover, the local extremes of $ \varphi (x)$ correspond to the high-curvature points of 
$I(x)$. Fig. 1(c) shows the contrast information extracted from Fig. 1(a) using (3) 
with$\sigma = 2.0$ , which is determined empirically. It is obvious that Fig. 1(c) offers 
much more reliable information than Fig. 1(b).\\ Since the 2nd derivative is 
orientation-dependent, the contrast information at an image pixel has to be measured along 
various orientations. In the proposed algorithm, we detect boundaries by checking the 
relations between each pixel and its eight neighbors. Hence, four directional operators are 
used at each pixel to measure the curvature information at that pixel. These four 
directions are 0 , 45 , 90 and 135 , respectively. All these four directional contrast data 
are then grouped together in subsequent processes. \section{\small{COLOR CONTRAST IN THE 
CIE LAB COLOR SPACE}} In color image segmentation, a proper choice of color space is also a 
crucial issue. In the selection of color space, we choose the CIE $ L^*a^*b^* $ color space 
to work on due to its three major properties: $1)$ separation of achromatic information 
from chromatic information, $ 2)$ uniform color space, and $ 3) $ similar to human visual 
perception $[12]$. Here,$ L^*$ represents the luminance component, while $ a^* $ and $ b^* 
$ represent color components. The formulae for converting an RGB image into the coordinates 
can be found in many color-related articles, like $[12]$ and $[13]$.\\

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=2.0in]{Image2}
\caption{Example of the test pattern in the subjective experiment.}
\label{Fig3}
\end{figure}

In the CIE color space, the Euclidean distance between and , defined as $(4)$ is 
approximately equivalent to the perceptual difference between these two colors $[4]$, 
$[12]$. By incorporating this color difference formula into our contrast definition, we 
define the color contrast across an edge as$(5)$ To further explore the correlation between 
color contrast and the luminance level or color level, we made a subjective experiment. In 
our experiment, $10$ observers are involved and the patterns are displayed over a 
calibrated ViewSonic PT775 monitor for comparisons. Here, the values of luminance/color 
contrast are coarsely quantized into eleven steps, 0, 5, 10, 15, …, 50. In

\end{document}

Обратите внимание, что figureвместо у вас было figure*; неважно, какие параметры вы укажете, поскольку figure*они будут отображаться только сверху.

Я оставил пустую строку перед и после каждого окружения рисунка. Что вам следует сделать, когда документ находится в своей окончательной форме, что касается текста, это

поместите код figure*где-нибудь между двумя абзацами на странице, которая предшествует тому месту, где вы хотите его разместить
перемещайте вверх или вниз в документе две figureсреды, пока они не окажутся там, где вам нужно

Второй пункт не должен потребовать слишком много труда.

введите описание изображения здесь

Answer 1