我有一個裝有 SSD 的 Ubuntu 盒子和一個/dev/sdb
帶有一些 NTFS 分割區的輔助 HDD ( )。
一些背景資訊:昨天機器沒有響應,我不得不強行關閉它(切斷電源)。重新啟動時 Ubuntu 將進入緊急模式。我發現硬碟的 UUID 已經消失(沒有出現在 中blkid
),從而導致/etc/fstab
損壞。我註解掉了磁碟上的行fstab
並成功啟動了 Ubuntu。
現在我正在嘗試再次安裝硬碟。首先我嘗試了Gparted。這是 libparted 的輸出(由 gparted 使用):
======================
libparted : 3.2
======================
end of file while reading /dev/sdb
The primary GPT table is corrupt, but the backup appears OK, so that will be used.
有趣的是,sudo blkid
顯示/dev/sdb
為 PTUUID 而不是 UUID:
$ sudo blkid
/dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop1: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop2: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sda1: UUID="e407bc1c-4c2d-4dae-80ce-e6bd96346698" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="659e6a1e-01"
/dev/sda5: UUID="f9500440-cddf-41f6-8512-5a30e66fbf3d" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="659e6a1e-05"
/dev/sda6: UUID="18abc384-a610-4f65-8430-0109548a89ef" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="659e6a1e-06"
/dev/sdb: PTUUID="a6e9090d-b5ab-412a-8568-2eee08fa3fa8" PTTYPE="gpt"
我確信分區仍然存在,只是無法安裝它們。parted
正確列出它們:
$ sudo parted
GNU Parted 3.2
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) select /dev/sdb
Using /dev/sdb
(parted) p
Error: end of file while reading /dev/sdb
Retry/Ignore/Cancel? i
Error: The primary GPT table is corrupt, but the backup appears OK, so that will be used.
OK/Cancel? OK
Model: ATA ST1000LM024 HN-M (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 316MB 315MB EFI system partition boot, esp
2 316MB 945MB 629MB ntfs Basic data partition hidden, diag
3 945MB 1079MB 134MB Microsoft reserved partition msftres
4 1079MB 979GB 978GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
5 979GB 1000GB 21,5GB ntfs Basic data partition hidden, diag
(parted) q
因此,有 2 個錯誤(Error: end of file while reading /dev/sdb
、Error: The primary GPT table is corrupt, but the backup appears OK, so that will be used.
)可能導致分割區無法安裝。有什麼想法如何解決它們嗎?
編輯這是以下的輸出ntfsfix
:
$ sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb
Mounting volume... NTFS signature is missing.
FAILED
Attempting to correct errors... NTFS signature is missing.
FAILED
Failed to startup volume: Invalid argument
NTFS signature is missing.
Trying the alternate boot sector
Unrecoverable error
Volume is corrupt. You should run chkdsk.
編輯gdisk的輸出
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.1
Caution: invalid main GPT header, but valid backup; regenerating main header
from backup!
Caution! After loading partitions, the CRC doesn't check out!
Warning! Main partition table CRC mismatch! Loaded backup partition table
instead of main partition table!
Warning! One or more CRCs don't match. You should repair the disk!
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: damaged
****************************************************************************
Caution: Found protective or hybrid MBR and corrupt GPT. Using GPT, but disk
verification and recovery are STRONGLY recommended.
****************************************************************************
編輯這是我錯誤執行的命令,導致了問題:sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=512 seek=1
答案1
TLDR:我能夠透過使用gdisk
(w
命令)寫入來恢復磁碟(包含資料)。
dd
正如問題和評論部分中所討論的,情況是這樣的:我透過發出with 0s on意外破壞了磁碟的 GPT 標頭/dev/sdb
。
我跑了gdisk(8)
磁碟上,通知 GPT 標頭已損壞,但備份正常並載入了備份。在gdisk
CLI 中,我執行了一個w
命令(將分割表資訊寫入磁碟)並退出。之後,/dev/sdb
Ubuntu立即識別並安裝,無需進行任何其他更改。