nvidia-driver-515-open（專有，已測試）不再適用於我的 GeForce RTX 3080 Lite 哈希率。我運行的是 Ubuntu 22.04。一切都很好，直到上週更新。 5.15.0-50-generic 可產生常規螢幕空白。 nvidia-driver-515（專有）啟動時僅顯示空白畫面。
在 5.15.0-48-generic 和 nvidia-driver-515-open（專有，經過測試）下，系統更穩定，但速度很慢。
這些輸出是在 5.15.0-48-generic 下創建的，因為 5.15.0-48-generic 不夠穩定。
結果modinfo /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/video/nvidia.ko | grep ^version：
modinfo: ERROR: Module /usr/lib/modules/5.15.0-48-generic/kernel/drivers/video/nvidia.ko not found.
結果nvidia-settings：
ERROR: NVIDIA driver is not loaded
(nvidia-settings:18455): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: 20:38:47.756: g_object_unref: assertion 'G_IS_OBJECT (object)' failed
** (nvidia-settings:18455): CRITICAL **: 20:38:47.762: ctk_powermode_new: assertion '(ctrl_target != NULL) && (ctrl_target->h != NULL)' failed
ERROR: nvidia-settings could not find the registry key file or the X server is not accessible.
This file should have been installed along with this driver at
/usr/share/nvidia/nvidia-application-profiles-key-documentation. The
application profiles will continue to work, but values cannot be
prepopulated or validated, and will not be listed in the help text.
Please see the README for possible values and descriptions.
** Message: 20:38:47.894: PRIME: No offloading required. Abort
** Message: 20:38:47.894: PRIME: is it supported? no
結果sudo lshw -C display：
*-display UNGEFORDERT
Beschreibung: VGA compatible controller
Produkt: GA102 [GeForce RTX 3080 Lite Hash Rate]
Hersteller: NVIDIA Corporation
Physische ID: 0
Bus-Informationen: pci@0000:01:00.0
Version: a1
Breite: 64 bits
Takt: 33MHz
Fähigkeiten: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller cap_list
Konfiguration: latency=0
Ressourcen: iomemory:400-3ff iomemory:440-43f memory:a1000000-a1ffffff memory:4000000000-43ffffffff memory:4400000000-4401ffffff ioport:5000(Größe=128) memory:c0000-dffff
*-graphics
Produkt: EFI VGA
Physische ID: 2
Logischer Name: /dev/fb0
Fähigkeiten: fb
Konfiguration: depth=32 resolution=3840,2160
如果需要更多信息，請告訴我，因為我不是專家。
apt-term.log:
Log started: 2022-10-14 10:37:34
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(Lese Datenbank ... 319810 Dateien und Verzeichnisse sind derzeit installiert.)
Entfernen von linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic (5.15.0-48.54) ...
linux-image-nvidia-5.15.0-48-generic: removing .ko files
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(Lese Datenbank ... 95%
(Lese Datenbank ... 100%
(Lese Datenbank ... 319807 Dateien und Verzeichnisse sind derzeit installiert.)
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../00-nvidia-driver-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-driver-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../01-libnvidia-extra-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-extra-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../02-libnvidia-common-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_all.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-common-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../03-libnvidia-gl-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-gl-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-gl-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
dpkg-query: Kein Paket gefunden, das auf libnvidia-gl-510 passt
Entpacken von libnvidia-gl-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../04-libnvidia-gl-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
dpkg-query: Kein Paket gefunden, das auf libnvidia-gl-510 passt
Entpacken von libnvidia-gl-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../05-nvidia-dkms-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Removing all DKMS Modules
Done.
Entpacken von nvidia-dkms-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../06-nvidia-kernel-source-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-kernel-source-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../07-linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic-hwe-22.04_5.15.0-50.56+1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic-hwe-22.04 (5.15.0-50.56+1) über (5.15.0-50.56) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../08-linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic_5.15.0-50.56+1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) über (5.15.0-50.56) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../09-linux-signatures-nvidia-5.15.0-50-generic_5.15.0-50.56+1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von linux-signatures-nvidia-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) über (5.15.0-50.56) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../10-linux-objects-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic_5.15.0-50.56+1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von linux-objects-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) über (5.15.0-50.56) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../11-nvidia-kernel-common-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-kernel-common-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../12-libnvidia-decode-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-decode-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-decode-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-decode-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../13-libnvidia-decode-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-decode-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../14-libnvidia-compute-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-compute-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-compute-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-compute-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../15-libnvidia-compute-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-compute-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../16-nvidia-compute-utils-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-compute-utils-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../17-libnvidia-encode-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-encode-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-encode-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-encode-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../18-libnvidia-encode-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-encode-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../19-nvidia-utils-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-utils-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../20-libnvidia-fbc1-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-fbc1-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-fbc1-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-fbc1-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../21-libnvidia-fbc1-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-fbc1-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../22-xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../23-libnvidia-cfg1-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-cfg1-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
libnvidia-compute-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-compute-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-extra-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-kernel-common-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
nvidia-kernel-source-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
linux-objects-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-decode-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-decode-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-utils-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-common-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-dkms-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
INFO:Enable nvidia
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/put_your_quirks_here
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/lenovo_thinkpad
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/dell_latitude
Loading new nvidia-515.76 DKMS files...
Building for 5.15.0-50-generic
Building for architecture x86_64
Building initial module for 5.15.0-50-generic
Done.
nvidia.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/
nvidia-modeset.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/
nvidia-drm.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/
nvidia-uvm.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/
nvidia-peermem.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/
depmod...
libnvidia-fbc1-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-fbc1-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-compute-utils-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
linux-signatures-nvidia-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-cfg1-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-encode-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-encode-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-gl-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-gl-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) wird eingerichtet ...
linux-image-nvidia-5.15.0-50-generic: constructing .ko files
nvidia-drm.ko: OK
nvidia-modeset.ko: OK
nvidia-peermem.ko: OK
nvidia-uvm.ko: OK
nvidia.ko: OK
linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic-hwe-22.04 (5.15.0-50.56+1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-driver-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
Trigger für man-db (2.10.2-1) werden verarbeitet ...
Trigger für libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) werden verarbeitet ...
Trigger für initramfs-tools (0.140ubuntu13) werden verarbeitet ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-50-generic
Trigger für linux-image-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56) werden verarbeitet ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms:
* dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 5.15.0-50-generic
...done.
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-50-generic
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub:
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/init-select.cfg'
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-50-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-50-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-48-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-48-generic
Memtest86+ needs a 16-bit boot, that is not available on EFI, exiting
Warning: os-prober will be executed to detect other bootable partitions.
Its output will be used to detect bootable binaries on them and create new boot entries.
Found Windows Boot Manager on /dev/nvme0n1p1@/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
Adding boot menu entry for UEFI Firmware Settings ...
done
Log ended: 2022-10-14 10:38:11
Log started: 2022-10-14 10:38:30
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(Lese Datenbank ... 319808 Dateien und Verzeichnisse sind derzeit installiert.)
Entfernen von appmenu-gtk-module-common (0.7.6-2) ...
Entfernen von libappmenu-gtk3-parser0:amd64 (0.7.6-2) ...
Entfernen von libc-ares2:amd64 (1.18.1-1build1) ...
Entfernen von libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 (2.0.4-1build1) ...
Entfernen von libgoocanvas-2.0-common (2.0.4-1build1) ...
Entfernen von libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit:amd64 (2.1.27+dfsg2-3ubuntu1) ...
Trigger für libglib2.0-0:i386 (2.72.1-1) werden verarbeitet ...
Trigger für libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) werden verarbeitet ...
Trigger für libglib2.0-0:amd64 (2.72.1-1) werden verarbeitet ...
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(Lese Datenbank ... 319706 Dateien und Verzeichnisse sind derzeit installiert.)
Löschen der Konfigurationsdateien von appmenu-gtk-module-common (0.7.6-2) ...
Log ended: 2022-10-14 10:38:31
apt.log:
Log time: 2022-10-14 10:35:52.456720
Starting pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Starting 2 pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Investigating (0) linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 < 5.15.0-48.54 @ii mK Ib >
Broken linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 Hängt ab von on nvidia-kernel-common-515:amd64 < 515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 -> 515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 @ii umU > (<= 515.65.01-1)
Considering nvidia-kernel-common-515:amd64 19 as a solution to linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 0
Removing linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 rather than change nvidia-kernel-common-515:amd64
Done
Log time: 2022-10-14 10:38:12.839733
MarkPurge libgoocanvas-2.0-common:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii gK > FU=1
Starting pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Starting 2 pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Investigating (0) libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 Hängt ab von on libgoocanvas-2.0-common:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii pgP > (= 2.0.4-1build1)
Considering libgoocanvas-2.0-common:amd64 10000 as a solution to libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 0
Removing libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 rather than change libgoocanvas-2.0-common:amd64
MarkDelete libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii gK Ib > FU=0
Done
MarkPurge appmenu-gtk-module-common:amd64 < 0.7.6-2 @ii gK > FU=1
MarkPurge libc-ares2:amd64 < 1.18.1-1build1 @ii gK > FU=1
MarkPurge libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit:amd64 < 2.1.27+dfsg2-3ubuntu1 @ii gK > FU=1
MarkPurge libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii gP > FU=1
MarkPurge libappmenu-gtk3-parser0:amd64 < 0.7.6-2 @ii gK > FU=1
答案1
重新啟動（1050 Ti）後我遇到了同樣的問題，螢幕空白，然後遊標閃爍。這就是為我解決的問題：
- 使用 [CTRL]+[ALT]+[F2] 進入終端，當 systemd 在此過程中不斷切換回閃爍遊標時，再按 [CTRL]+[ALT]+[F2]
- 在終端機上使用您的使用者登入您的系統
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade（這完成了大部分損壞的無人值守升級，但不是 nvidia 驅動程式）sudo apt install --upgrade linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic（這為我修復了丟失的 nvidia 內核模組）sudo reboot
看來無人值守升級破壞了我的系統，這就是我上次更新的 /var/log/unattend-upgrades/unattend-upgrades.log 的樣子：
2022-10-17 07:28:48,250 INFO Starting unattended upgrades script
2022-10-17 07:28:48,250 INFO Allowed origins are: o=Ubuntu,a=jammy, o=Ubuntu,a=jammy-security, o=UbuntuESMApps,a=jammy-apps-security, o=UbuntuESM,a=jammy-infra-security
2022-10-17 07:28:48,250 INFO Initial blacklist:
2022-10-17 07:28:48,250 INFO Initial whitelist (not strict):
2022-10-17 07:29:05,790 INFO Packages that will be upgraded: libnvidia-common-515 linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic linux-libc-dev unzip
2022-10-17 07:29:05,790 INFO Writing dpkg log to /var/log/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrades-dpkg.log
2022-10-17 07:29:52,028 INFO All upgrades installed
2022-10-17 07:30:10,913 INFO Packages that were successfully auto-removed: linux-headers-5.15.0-47 linux-headers-5.15.0-47-generic linux-image-5.15.0-47-generic linux-modules-5.15.0-47-generic linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-47-generic linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-47-generic linux-objects-nvidia-515-5.15.0-47-generic linux-signatures-nvidia-5.15.0-47-generic
2022-10-17 07:30:10,913 INFO Packages that are kept back:
2022-10-17 07:30:11,064 INFO Package libnvidia-cfg1-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,066 INFO Package libnvidia-compute-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,067 INFO Package libnvidia-compute-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,069 INFO Package libnvidia-decode-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,070 INFO Package libnvidia-decode-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,072 INFO Package libnvidia-encode-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,073 INFO Package libnvidia-encode-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,075 INFO Package libnvidia-extra-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,076 INFO Package libnvidia-fbc1-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,078 INFO Package libnvidia-fbc1-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,080 INFO Package libnvidia-gl-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,082 INFO Package libnvidia-gl-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,118 INFO Package linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
答案2
雖然 ubuntu 現在「推薦」使用 515-open 驅動程序，但就其價值而言，nvidia 開放核心模組被 nvidia 視為消費者和工作站 GPU 的「Alpha 品質」。
看https://github.com/NVIDIA/open-gpu-kernel-modules
我建議使用 510 版本，直到開源驅動程式成熟。