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為什麼我的 phpMyAdmin 總是會出現 403 錯誤？

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為什麼我的 phpMyAdmin 總是會出現 403 錯誤？

我正在運行 Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 伺服器，並且我正在嘗試讓 phpMyAdmin 工作。每當我打開192.168.0.xxx/phpmyadmin它時，都會出現 403 錯誤。我還安裝了 Wordpress，並且可以毫無問題地存取它。

我試過了：

  • 將所有權設定為 Apache
  • 重新啟動我的電腦/伺服器
  • 使用另一台計算機
  • 卸載/重新安裝（包括uninstall→ install、purge→install和install --reinstall）
  • 讀一很多有關如何解決此問題的教程/所有問題/帖子/博客，但沒有一個向我展示有效的解決方案。

當我查看網站的「主頁」（即/foobar最後沒有）時，我發現一件奇怪的事情，它顯示了一個檔案總管。但是，它不會顯示 phpMyAdmin。另外，幾天前它還在工作，我不記得改變過任何東西。唯一看起來奇怪的是/servIIRC 通常有一些東西，但這可能只是我在另一台伺服器上的方式...

.htaccess注意：資料夾中沒有文件/usr/share/phpmyadmin。我看過一些文章暗示應該有一個，但我找不到明確的答案。

/etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf 檔案：

# phpMyAdmin default Apache configuration
Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin
<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin>
    Options FollowSymLinks
    DirectoryIndex index.php
    order deny,allow
    #deny from all
    allow from all
    <IfModule mod_php5.c>
            AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

            php_flag magic_quotes_gpc Off
            php_flag track_vars On
            php_flag register_globals Off
            php_value include_path .
    </IfModule>

</Directory>
# Authorize for setup
<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup>
 <IfModule mod_authn_file.c>
 AuthType Basic
 AuthName "phpMyAdmin Setup"
 AuthUserFile /etc/phpmyadmin/htpasswd.setup
 </IfModule>
 Require valid-user
</Directory>
#Disallow web access to directories that don't need it
<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/libraries>
   Order Deny,Allow
   Deny from All
</Directory>
<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup/lib>
  Order Deny,Allow
  Deny from All
</Directory>

阿帕契設定檔：

# The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.
#
Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default

# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process
# identification number when it starts.
# This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
#
PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}

# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.
#
Timeout 300

KeepAlive On

# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.
#
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100

# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
# same client on the same connection.
#
KeepAliveTimeout 5

# These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}
Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}

# HostnameLookups
HostnameLookups Off

# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

# LogLevel: Control the severity of messages logged to the error_log.
# Available values: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the log level for particular modules, e.g.
# "LogLevel info ssl:warn"
#
LogLevel warn

# Include module configuration:
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.load
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.conf

# Include list of ports to listen on
Include ports.conf

# Sets the default security model of the Apache2 HTTPD server. It does
# not allow access to the root filesystem outside of /usr/share and /var/www.
# The former is used by web applications packaged in Debian,
# the latter may be used for local directories served by the web server. If
# your system is serving content from a sub-directory in /srv you must allow
# access here, or in any related virtual host.
<Directory />
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
        Require all denied
</Directory>

<Directory /var/www/>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
</Directory>


# AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
# for additional configuration directives.  See also the AllowOverride
# directive.
#
AccessFileName .htaccess

# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
        Require all denied
</FilesMatch>

# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive.
#
# These deviate from the Common Log Format definitions in that they use %O
# (the actual bytes sent including headers) instead of %b (the size of the
# requested file), because the latter makes it impossible to detect partial
# requests.
#
# Note that the use of %{X-Forwarded-For}i instead of %h is not recommended.
# Use mod_remoteip instead.
#
LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent

# Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,
# see README.Debian for details.

# Include generic snippets of statements
IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf

# Include the virtual host configurations:
IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf

# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf

（我確實為在這裡傾倒大量文本而道歉，但我已經為此工作了大約三個小時，但我不知道如何解決這個問題。如果需要，我很樂意提供更多文件，只需發表評論。）

造成這種情況的原因是什麼以及如何解決它？

答案1

更改以下幾行/etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf：

<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin>
    Options FollowSymLinks
    DirectoryIndex index.php
    order deny,allow
    #deny from all
    allow from all

對此：

<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin>
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
    DirectoryIndex index.php
    AllowOverride all
    Require all granted

您的 Apache 是 2.4+，因此它使用Require all granted而不是Allow from all.

這裡還有另一個提示：您可以查看 Apache error.log 檔案以找出被拒絕的原因（403 錯誤），這可以提供有關問題所在的線索。 error.log 檔案通常位於根目錄（通常為 /var/www/html）。

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