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比較兩個文件並輸出匹配項

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比較兩個文件並輸出匹配項

我有類似這樣的文件：

文件1：

1.1.1.7 mounting of udf filesystems is disabled Fail
1.1.1.8 mounting of FAT filesystems is disabled  Fail
1.1.5 noexec option set on /tmp partition   Fail
1.1.17 noexec option set on /dev/shm partition  Fail
1.1.21 sticky bit is set on all world-writable directories  Fail
1.3.1 AIDE is installed Fail

文件2：

1.1.1.7 Ensure mounting of udf filesystems is disabled
1.1.1.8 Ensure mounting of FAT filesystems is disabled
1.1.3 Ensure nodev option set on /tmp partition
1.1.4 Ensure nosuid option set on /tmp partition

我想比較第一列上的兩個文件並輸出它們匹配的位置。對於上面的內容，輸出將是：

1.1.1.7 Ensure mounting of udf filesystems is disabled
1.1.1.7 mounting of udf filesystems is disabled Fail
1.1.1.8 Ensure mounting of FAT filesystems is disabled
1.1.1.8 mounting of FAT filesystems is disabled  Fail

我該怎麼做？

另外我該如何反轉它以便我可以顯示那些不匹配的內容？比較 File1 和 File2，反之亦然？

答案1

awk '
  NR == FNR {a[$1] = $0; next} 
  ($1 in a) {print; print a[$1]}
' File1 File2
1.1.1.7 Ensure mounting of udf filesystems is disabled
1.1.1.7 mounting of udf filesystems is disabled Fail
1.1.1.8 Ensure mounting of FAT filesystems is disabled
1.1.1.8 mounting of FAT filesystems is disabled  Fail

如果您想要對 File2 中的不符項目進行簡單測試

awk 'NR==FNR {a[$1]=$0; next} !($1 in a)' File1 File2
1.1.3 Ensure nodev option set on /tmp partition
1.1.4 Ensure nosuid option set on /tmp partition

相反，File1 中的不符條目

awk 'NR==FNR {a[$1]=$0; next} !($1 in a)' File2 File1
1.1.5 noexec option set on /tmp partition   Fail
1.1.17 noexec option set on /dev/shm partition  Fail
1.1.21 sticky bit is set on all world-writable directories  Fail
1.3.1 AIDE is installed Fail

（這print是隱式的）。

答案2

perl -lane '
        @ARGV and $h{$F[0]}=$_,next;
        print "$_\n$h{$F[0]}" if exists $h{$F[0]};
' File2 File1

1.1.1.7 mounting of udf filesystems is disabled Fail
1.1.1.7 Ensure mounting of udf filesystems is disabled
1.1.1.8 mounting of FAT filesystems is disabled  Fail
1.1.1.8 Ensure mounting of FAT filesystems is disabled

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