我正在運行 Debian 9，我希望始終使用最新的 Firefox 版本，而不是隨該發行版一起提供的嚴重過時的 ESR 版本的 Firefox。
因此，我將/etc/apt/sources.list文件更改為以下內容：
deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stretch main
deb-src http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stretch main
deb http://security.debian.org/ stretch/updates main contrib
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ stretch/updates main contrib
# jessie-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stretch-updates main contrib
deb-src http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stretch-updates main contrib
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ sid main
deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ sid main
這在一段時間內效果很好。但是，我現在收到訊息
The following packages have been kept back: firefox
每次我運行“aptitude update firefox”時。
運行命令“aptitude dist-upgrade”會得到以下結果：
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
libc-bin libc-dev-bin libc-l10n libc6 libc6-dev locales
The following packages will be upgraded:
firefox{b}
1 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 6 downgraded, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 51.2 MB of archives. After unpacking 12.0 MB will be freed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
firefox : Depends: libc6 (>= 2.27) but 2.24-11+deb9u3 is to be installed
Depends: zlib1g (>= 1:1.2.11.dfsg) but 1:1.2.8.dfsg-5 is installed
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:
Keep the following packages at their current version:
1) firefox [59.0.2-1 (now)]
2) libc-bin [2.27-3 (now, unstable)]
3) libc-dev-bin [2.27-3 (now, unstable)]
4) libc-l10n [2.27-3 (now, unstable)]
5) libc6 [2.27-3 (now, unstable)]
6) libc6-dev [2.27-3 (now, unstable)]
7) locales [2.27-3 (now, unstable)]
Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?]
非常感謝您提供任何有助於解決此問題的建議。
//編輯：「apt策略」的輸出是：
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
release a=now
500 https://riot.im/packages/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages
release o=riot.im,a=testing,n=stretch,c=main,b=amd64
origin riot.im
2 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian sid/main amd64 Packages
release o=Debian,a=unstable,n=sid,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
origin ftp.us.debian.org
500 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian stretch-updates/main amd64 Packages
release o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=stretch updates,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
origin ftp.de.debian.org
1000 http://security.debian.org stretch/updates/contrib amd64 Packages
release v=9,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian-Security,c=contrib,b=amd64
origin security.debian.org
1000 http://security.debian.org stretch/updates/main amd64 Packages
release v=9,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian-Security,c=main,b=amd64
origin security.debian.org
1000 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages
release v=9.4,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
origin ftp.de.debian.org
Pinned packages:
fontconfig-config -> 2.13.0-5 with priority 1001
libfontconfig1 -> 2.13.0-5 with priority 1001
libnss3 -> 2:3.37.1-1 with priority 1001
firefox -> 60.0.1-5 with priority 1001
答案1
1) 修正「以下套件已保留...」錯誤。
編輯您的sources.list，如下所示：
deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stretch main
deb-src http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stretch main
deb http://security.debian.org/ stretch/updates main
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ stretch/updates main
deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stretch-updates main
deb-src http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stretch-updates main
刪除損壞的 Sid urlapt.
建立（編輯現有文件的內容）/etc/apt/preferences包含以下內容的文件：
Pin: release a=stable
Pin-Priority: 1001
Package: *
Pin: release a=stable-updates
Pin-Priority: 1001
Package: *
Pin: release a=proposed-updates
Pin-Priority: 1001
Package: *
Pin: release o=Debian
Pin-Priority: -10
然後運行刪除 Firefox 並從穩定版本中重新安裝其依賴項：
apt update
apt purge --autoremove firefox
apt dist-upgrade
有些軟體包（可能）需要透過以下方式手動重新安裝：
apt --reinstall install package
請不要使用apt remove或apt purge刪除它們。
2）在debian上安裝最新可用的firefox：從aptfirefox包中是更新的包，但版本是58.x（它不是過時的包）
如果您需要安裝最新版本，可以使用snap它來安裝最新的 Firefox 軟體套件。
apt install snapd
檢查可用版本：
snap find firefox:
範例輸出：
firefox 60.0-2 mozilla - Mozilla Firefox web browser
安裝firefox 60.0-2：
snap install firefox