我最近用更大的 SSD 更換了 SSD。我用了克隆屬將舊磁碟複製到新磁碟。之後我用了GParted 現場直播若要調整現有分割區的大小，請將交換分割區推到磁碟末端。我也從 Ubuntu 16.04 更新到 18.04。
成功完成上述步驟後，我注意到啟動時間變得更長。我發現了一些類似的線程（下面鏈接）並嘗試了那裡的建議。然而，啟動時間並沒有減少到更換磁碟之前的時間。
這是我的原文/etc/fstab：
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=e15b2ef7-c32d-46f5-a3a8-4bdc60285b4e / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=3a0c2581-52f2-4c92-9c4a-09d3f0258c05 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_Flash_Disk-0:0 /mnt/usb-Generic_USB_Flash_Disk-0:0 auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show 0 0
我已經替換UUID了swap通過查看黑子命令輸出：
/dev/sda1: UUID="e15b2ef7-c32d-46f5-a3a8-4bdc60285b4e" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="000d7e8b-01"
/dev/sda5: LABEL="swap" UUID="839f9d78-77b2-491d-808d-8cd551a9eeef" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="000d7e8b-05"
我還註解掉了 ，/dev/disk/by-id/usb-..因為我相信這是我啟動 GParted Live 的 USB 記憶棒。不知道為什麼它仍然在那裡定義。
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=e15b2ef7-c32d-46f5-a3a8-4bdc60285b4e / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
# UUID=3a0c2581-52f2-4c92-9c4a-09d3f0258c05 none swap sw 0 0
UUID=839f9d78-77b2-491d-808d-8cd551a9eeef none swap sw 0 0
# /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_Flash_Disk-0:0 /mnt/usb-Generic_USB_Flash_Disk-0:0 auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show 0 0
顯示/var/log/boot.log如下：
Starting Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data...
[ OK ] Started Braille Device Support.
[ OK ] Listening on Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status /dev/rfkill Watch.
Starting Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status...
[ OK ] Started Braille Device Support.
[ OK ] Started Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status.
[ OK ] Reached target Sound Card.
[ OK ] Started Braille Device Support.
[ OK ] Started Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data.
[ OK ] Started Raise network interfaces.
[ TIME ] Timed out waiting for device dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_USB_Flash_Disk\x2d0:0.device.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for /mnt/usb-Generic_USB_Flash_Disk-0:0.
[ TIME ] Timed out waiting for device dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d52f2\x2d4c92\x2d9c4a\x2d09d3f0258c05.device.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for /dev/disk/by-uuid/3a0c2581-52f2-4c92-9c4a-09d3f0258c05.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for Swap.
[ OK ] Reached target System Initialization.
[ OK ] Listening on UUID daemon activation socket.
[ OK ] Listening on PC/SC Smart Card Daemon Activation Socket.
[ OK ] Started Daily apt download activities.
...
這系統分析命令告訴：
Startup finished in 36.037s (kernel) + 10.847s (userspace) = 46.885s
graphical.target reached after 10.835s in userspace
我可以採取什麼措施來縮短啟動時間？
更新
我調查了/var/log/boot.log並發現了這個輸出 - 請注意暫停搜尋設備時！
Starting Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data...
[ OK ] Started Braille Device Support.
[ OK ] Listening on Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status /dev/rfkill Watch.
Starting Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status...
[ OK ] Started Braille Device Support.
[ OK ] Started Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status.
[ OK ] Reached target Sound Card.
[ OK ] Started Braille Device Support.
[ OK ] Started Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data.
[ OK ] Started Raise network interfaces.
[* ] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
[** ] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
[*** ] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
[ *** ] (2 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d5
[ *** ] (2 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d5
[ ***] (2 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d5
[ **] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
[ *] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
[ **] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
[ ***] (2 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d5
[ *** ] (2 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d5
[ *** ] (2 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d5
[*** ] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
[** ] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
[* ] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
[** ] (2 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d5
[*** ] (2 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d5
[ *** ] (2 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d5
[ *** ] (1 of 2) A start job is running for dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_
...
[ TIME ] Timed out waiting for device dev-disk-by\x2did-usb\x2dGeneric_USB_Flash_Disk\x2d0:0.device.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for /mnt/usb-Generic_USB_Flash_Disk-0:0.
[ TIME ] Timed out waiting for device dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3a0c2581\x2d52f2\x2d4c92\x2d9c4a\x2d09d3f0258c05.device.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for /dev/disk/by-uuid/3a0c2581-52f2-4c92-9c4a-09d3f0258c05.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for Swap.
[ OK ] Reached target System Initialization.
[ OK ] Listening on UUID daemon activation socket.
[ OK ] Listening on PC/SC Smart Card Daemon Activation Socket.
...
有關的
答案1
我懷疑有一個“恢復”文件
/etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume
它指向不再找到的 UUID。您可以修改該檔案以指向交換分割區的正確 UUID，然後執行
sudo update-initramfs -u
請參閱以下錯誤報告連結中的註釋 #16 和 #17，
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubiquity/+bug/1763611
您的情況與錯誤報告中的情況有差異，
- 在你的情況下，你使用的是交換分區
- 在錯誤報告的情況下，使用交換文件（因此沒有交換分區，應該指出）。