☰

提取字串後跟特定單字/符號

tag-icon • tag-icon shell-script awk ksh xml
提取字串後跟特定單字/符號

我的輸入檔 input.txt 有兩行，如下所示，我需要從第一行提取claimStartDate，從第二行提取claimEndDate。

<ProfessionalClaim paymentIndicator="P" claimProcessedDateTime="20180409120000102" claimEndDate="2018-04-02" claimStartDate="2018-04-02" sourceSystemId="abcd" claimActionCode="00">

<ProfessionalClaim paymentIndicator="P" claimProcessedDateTime="20180430120000281" claimEndDate="2018-04-17" claimStartDate="2018-04-17" sourceSystemId="abcd" claimActionCode="00">

rm input.txt
awk '/<ProfessionalClaim/' test.xml | head -1 > input.txt
awk '/<ProfessionalClaim/' test.xml | tail -1 >> input.txt
awk '{match($0, "claimStartDate=\"([^\"]+)\"", start); print start[1]} \
     {match($0, "claimEndDate=\"([^\"]+)\"", end); print end[1]}' input.txt

答案1

$ awk '/F_LINE/ {match($0, "claimStartDate=\"([^\"]+)\"", start); print start[1]} \         
       /L_LINE/ {match($0, "claimEndDate=\"([^\"]+)\"", end); print end[1]}' input.txt
2018-04-02
2018-04-17

根據您的新資訊進行編輯：

$ awk 'NR==1 {match($0, "claimStartDate=\"([^\"]+)\"", start); print start[1]} \            
       NR==2 {match($0, "claimEndDate=\"([^\"]+)\"", end); print end[1]}' input.txt
2018-04-02
2018-04-17

您還可以一次完成這一切：

$ grep "<ProfessionalClaim" text.xml \
| sed -n '1p;$p' \
| $ awk 'NR==1 {match($0, "claimStartDate=\"([^\"]+)\"", start); print start[1]} \            
         NR==2 {match($0, "claimEndDate=\"([^\"]+)\"", end); print end[1]}'
  • grep尋找所有包含<ProfessionalClaimin 的行text.xml
  • sed將行截斷到第一個和最後一個 onyl
  • awk將列印claimStartDate第一行和ClaimEndDate第二行

答案2

假設一些 XML 輸入文檔如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<root>
  <ProfessionalClaim paymentIndicator="P" claimProcessedDateTime="20180409120000102" claimEndDate="2018-04-02" claimStartDate="2018-04-02" sourceSystemId="abcd" claimActionCode="00"/>
  <ProfessionalClaim paymentIndicator="P" claimProcessedDateTime="20180430120000281" claimEndDate="2018-04-17" claimStartDate="2018-04-17" sourceSystemId="abcd" claimActionCode="00"/>
  <ProfessionalClaim paymentIndicator="P" claimProcessedDateTime="20180430120000281" claimEndDate="2018-04-18" claimStartDate="2018-04-18" sourceSystemId="abcd" claimActionCode="00"/>
  <ProfessionalClaim paymentIndicator="P" claimProcessedDateTime="20180430120000281" claimEndDate="2018-04-19" claimStartDate="2018-04-19" sourceSystemId="abcd" claimActionCode="00"/>
</root>

……我們可以用來從後面有另一個節點的每個節點中xmlstarlet提取claimStartDate屬性值，以及下一個節點的屬性值：ProfessionalClaimProfessionalClaimProfessionalClaimclaimEndDate

xmlstarlet select --template \
    --match '//ProfessionalClaim[following-sibling::ProfessionalClaim/@claimEndDate]' \
    --value-of 'concat(@claimStartDate, " ", following-sibling::ProfessionalClaim/@claimEndDate)' \
    -nl input.txt

這首先匹配每個ProfessionalClaim節點，然後是另一個ProfessionalClaim節點。

對於每個這樣的節點，屬性的值與後續節點的屬性claimStartDate值連接，並使用單一空格字元作為分隔符號。claimEndDateProfessionalClaim

鑑於我上面的示例文檔，這將生成

2018-04-02 2018-04-17
2018-04-17 2018-04-18
2018-04-18 2018-04-19

相關內容