BIND無法解析域名

BIND無法解析域名

我有一個 BIND ubuntu 伺服器作為com區域和兩個主機(Web 伺服器)的私人 DNS 伺服器。三者是使用virtual box的虛擬主機,並使用虛擬主機卡連接在一起。

我在 DNS 伺服器中有這個設定檔用於正向解析:

$TTL    604800

@       IN      SOA     dns1.com. admin.com. (
                              19        ; Serial
                         604820         ; Refresh
                          86600         ; Retry
                        2419600         ; Expire
                         604600 )       ; Negative Cache TTL

; name servers - NS records
    IN  NS  dns1.com.

; name servers - A records
dns1.com.          IN      A       192.168.56.3

; 192.168.56.0/24 - A records
@           IN      NS      dns1.com.
host1.          IN      A   192.168.56.7
host2.          IN      A   192.168.56.8

我嘗試使用網域連接到兩台主機。第一個打開正確。第二個永遠打不開。

兩者都是pingaple。這是我的機器的第二個主機 ping 結果:C:\Users\e>ping 192.168.56.8

Pinging 192.168.56.8 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.56.8: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.56.8: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.56.8: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64

host如果我透過新增以下項目在 Windows 電腦中使用本機文件,我就能夠解析 host2.com :

192.168.56.8    host2.com

我找不到為什麼我的DNS伺服器無法解析host2但可以解析host1

這是named.conf.local文件:

zone ".com" {
    type master;
    file "/etc/bind/forward.host1.com";
};

zone "56.168.192.in-addr.arpa"{
    type master;
    file "/etc/bind/reverse.host1.com";
};

我不認為檔案名稱forward.host1.com reverse.host1.com對解析度有任何影響?他們嗎?

編輯: 若要檢查配置:

/etc/bind$ sudo named-checkzone com forward.host1.com
forward.host1.com:20: ignoring out-of-zone data (host1)
forward.host1.com:21: ignoring out-of-zone data (host2)
zone com/IN: loaded serial 19
OK

誰能告訴我為什麼我無法解析host2?

編輯:在建議答案後,文件已更新為以下內容,但沒有任何希望。我現在無法存取主機 1 和主機 2,儘管它們已啟動並正在運行,我可以透過 IP 存取它們:

$TTL    604800



@       IN      SOA     dns1.com. admin.com. (

                              24        ; Serial

                         604820         ; Refresh

                          86600         ; Retry

                        2419600         ; Expire

                         604600 )       ; Negative Cache TTL



; name servers - NS records

    IN  NS  dns1.com.


; name servers - A records

dns1.com          IN      A       192.168.56.3


; 192.168.56.0/24 - A records

@           IN      NS      dns1.com.

host1           IN      A   192.168.56.7

host2           IN      A   192.168.56.8

答案1

聽起來您好像遇到了一些困難,所以這裡有兩個(希望)適合您的工作範例。請注意,第一個選項(.com區域)可能會阻止正常.com域的解析(例如google.com)。第二個選項(dns1.com區域)沒有這個缺點。

.com區域文件範例

前任。 /etc/bind/named.conf.local

; "db.com.tld" is a random name - use whatever you like.
; The same goes for "db.rev.192".
;
; Likewise, you can adjust your "allow-transfer" settings,
; etc. as needed.

zone "com." IN {
    type master;
    file "/etc/bind/zones/db.com.tld";
    allow-transfer { none; };
};

zone "56.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
    type master;
    file "/etc/bind/zones/db.rev.192";
    allow-transfer { none; };
};


前任。 /etc/bind/zones/db.com.tld

; BIND data file for TLD ".com"
;
; This will likely break real ".com" websites (i.e. anything not listed here).

$TTL 3600
@   IN  SOA     com.    admin.com. (
                2018040501  ; Serial
                604800      ; Refresh period
                86400       ; Retry interval
                2419200     ; Expire time (28 days... later)
                604800 )    ; Negative Cache TTL (1 week)

; Name Servers - NS records
@       IN NS  ns1.com.   ; This is required
@       IN NS  ns2.com.   ; You should have two name servers

; Name Servers - A records
ns1                 IN A        192.168.56.3        ; This is required
ns2                 IN A        192.168.56.3        ; You should have two name servers

; Our domains/sub-domains
dns1                IN A        192.168.56.3        ; dns1.com
host1.dns1          IN A        192.168.56.7        ; host1.dns1.com
host2.dns1          IN A        192.168.56.8        ; host2.dns1.com

請注意,使用這樣的句點是可以的,儘管在這種情況下可以說是多餘的:

;ok.period.com.     IN A        192.168.56.3        ; ok.period.com -> FQDN

這是你應該避免的:

;no.period.         IN A        192.168.56.3        ; Don't use periods for sub-domains
;no.period.com      IN A        192.168.56.3        ; While this works, this is actually accessed as no.period.com.com!


前任。 /etc/bind/zones/db.rev.192

; BIND reverse data file.
; The domain, etc. used should be a listed 'zone' in named.conf. 

$TTL 86400
@   IN SOA      com.    admin.com. (
                2018040501  ; Serial
                10800       ; Refresh
                3600        ; Retry
                604800      ; Expire
                86400 )     ; Minimum

; In this case, the number just before "PTR" is the last octet 
; of the IP address for the device to map (e.g. 192.168.56.[3])

; Name Servers
@       IN NS   ns1.com.
@       IN NS   ns2.com.

; Reverse PTR Records
3       IN PTR  dns1.com.   
7       IN PTR  host1.dns1.com.
8       IN PTR  host2.dns1.com.

請注意,上述設定可能會限制您的電腦存取.com您建立的網域以外的網域的選項(即它們可能無法存取它們)。如果您希望他們訪問外部.com網域,您可以嘗試下面更窄的方法。


dns1.com區域文件範例

前任。 /etc/bind/named.conf.local

; "db.dns1.com" is a random name - use whatever you like.
;
; Likewise, you can adjust your "allow-transfer" settings,
; etc. as needed.

zone "dns1.com" IN {
    type master;
    file "/etc/bind/zones/db.dns1.com";
    allow-transfer { none; };
};

您可以使用named.conf.local與上面相同的反向區域條目。


前任。 /etc/bind/zones/db.dns1.com

; BIND data for http://dns1.com

$TTL 3600 
@   IN SOA      ns1.dns1.com.   admin.dns1.com. (
                2018040501  ; Serial
                604820      ; Refresh
                86600       ; Retry
                2419600     ; Expire
                604600 )    ; Negative Cache TTL

; Name Servers - NS records
@       IN NS   ns1.dns1.com.   ; This is required
@       IN NS   ns2.dns1.com.   ; You should have two name servers

; Name Servers - A records
ns1                 IN A        192.168.56.3        ; This is required
ns2                 IN A        192.168.56.3        ; You should have two name servers

; Our domains/sub-domains
dns1.com.           IN A        192.168.56.3         ; dns1.com 
host1               IN A        192.168.56.7         ; host1.dns1.com
host2               IN A        192.168.56.8         ; host2.dns1.com


前任。 /etc/bind/zones/db.rev.192

; BIND reverse data file.
; The domain, etc. used should be a listed 'zone' in named.conf. 

$TTL 86400
@   IN SOA      dns1.com.   admin.dns1.com. (
                2018040501  ; Serial
                10800       ; Refresh
                3600        ; Retry
                604800      ; Expire
                86400 )     ; Minimum

; In this case, the number just before "PTR" is the last octet 
; of the IP address for the device to map (e.g. 192.168.56.[3])

; Name Servers
@       IN NS   ns1.dns1.com.
@       IN NS   ns2.dns1.com.

; Reverse PTR Records
3       IN PTR  dns1.com.   
7       IN PTR  host1.dns1.com.
8       IN PTR  host2.dns1.com. 

答案2

您的區域文件錯誤 - 依照建議位於第 20 行和第 21 行。具體來說,它不應該有“.”。在主機1和主機2之後。

這 。意味著這是絕對的,而不是相對於區域 - 因此它對網域 host1 猶豫不決,並且沒有 host1.com 的條目

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