當我嘗試將我的 nginx 版本（從 debian 存儲庫安裝）更新到 nginx 存儲庫中的最新版本時，它將失敗，因為它無法覆蓋舊 nginx 包之一中的文件（該包即將獲取）自動刪除）。這是運行命令時的 bash 輸出apt install nginx -V：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
geoip-database (20190724-1~bpo10+1)
libgd3 (2.2.5-5.2)
libgeoip1 (1.6.12-3~bpo10+1)
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
libnginx-mod-http-auth-pam (1.14.2-2)
libnginx-mod-http-dav-ext (1.14.2-2)
libnginx-mod-http-echo (1.14.2-2)
libnginx-mod-http-geoip (1.14.2-2)
libnginx-mod-http-image-filter (1.14.2-2)
libnginx-mod-http-subs-filter (1.14.2-2)
libnginx-mod-http-upstream-fair (1.14.2-2)
libnginx-mod-http-xslt-filter (1.14.2-2)
libnginx-mod-mail (1.14.2-2)
libnginx-mod-stream (1.14.2-2)
nginx-common (1.14.2-2)
nginx-full (1.14.2-2)
The following packages will be upgraded:
nginx (1.14.2-2 => 1.16.1-1~buster)
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 12 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/850 kB of archives.
After this operation, 291 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
dpkg: libnginx-mod-http-auth-pam: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you requested:
nginx-full depends on libnginx-mod-http-auth-pam (= 1.14.2-2).
(Reading database ... 152770 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing libnginx-mod-http-auth-pam (1.14.2-2) ...
dpkg: nginx-common: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you requested:
nginx-full depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2); however:
Package nginx-common is to be removed.
libnginx-mod-stream depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2).
libnginx-mod-mail depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2).
libnginx-mod-http-xslt-filter depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2).
libnginx-mod-http-upstream-fair depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2).
libnginx-mod-http-subs-filter depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2).
libnginx-mod-http-image-filter depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2).
libnginx-mod-http-geoip depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2).
libnginx-mod-http-echo depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2).
libnginx-mod-http-dav-ext depends on nginx-common (= 1.14.2-2).
Removing nginx-common (1.14.2-2) ...
(Reading database ... 152743 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../nginx_1.16.1-1~buster_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nginx (1.16.1-1~buster) over (1.14.2-2) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/nginx_1.16.1-1~buster_amd64.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite '/usr/sbin/nginx', which is also in package nginx-full 1.14.2-2
dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/nginx_1.16.1-1~buster_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
似乎不是先卸載舊軟體包，然後再安裝新軟體包。相反，它會卸載兩個軟體包，然後嘗試安裝更新的軟體包。因為在我嘗試此更新後，我需要重新安裝nginx-common和libnginx-mod-http-auth-pam。
我的問題是：有誰知道強制新安裝的方法（dist-upgrade並且--with-new-pkgs不起作用）或我需要手動卸載這些軟體包嗎？還是我只是錯過了升級之前需要執行的步驟？
答案1
不知道這是否仍然相關，但我遇到了類似的問題。對我有用的是我卸載了舊的 nginx：apt remove nginx nginx-common
然後安裝新版本：apt install nginx
如果您目前的版本有問題，您可以使用以下命令修復它apt --fix-broken install
答案2
使用這個指令。這對我有用。
sudo dpkg --purge --force-depends apache2