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搬到新家後我的 LAMP 網路伺服器無法運作

tag-icon • tag-icon router apache-http-server raspbian ddns
搬到新家後我的 LAMP 網路伺服器無法運作

我在 Raspberry Pi3 上運行的 Apache2 實例上自行託管兩個網站（有關版本和配置的更多資訊如下）： Website1 是我從頭開始編寫的靜態網站，而 website2 在 Wordpress 上運行。

我以前住在公寓裡，ISP 提供了靜態公共 IP，但我最近搬到了新房子，ISP 不提供該選項。我一直在嘗試重新配置一切，但無法使其再次正常工作。

配置

我有一個運行最新版本 Raspbian 的 Raspberry Pi 3

$ cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)"
NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="9"
VERSION="9 (stretch)"
VERSION_CODENAME=stretch
ID=raspbian
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="http://www.raspbian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://www.raspbian.org/RaspbianForums"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://www.raspbian.org/RaspbianBugs"

在我的路由器（型號Alcatel-Lucent G240W-B：）上我已經打開http 連接埠 XX和ssh 連接埠 YY（我沒有使用標準連接埠來提高安全性）

Application Name | WAN Connection | WAN Port | LAN Port | Internal Client | Protocol | Status
Customer settings | {my_wan_connection} |   XX~XX | XX~XX | 192.168.1.100 | TCPorUDP | ACTIVE
Customer settings | {my_wan_connection} | YY~YY | YY~YY | 192.168.1.100 | TCPorUDP | ACTIVE

我正在運行apache2

$ apache2 -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.25 (Raspbian)
Server built:   2019-08-19T19:25:31

啟用兩個網站

$ sudo apache2ctl -S
VirtualHost configuration:
*:XX                 is a NameVirtualHost
         default server mydomain.ddns.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/website1.com.conf:1)
         port XX namevhost mydomain.ddns.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/website1.com.conf:1)
                 alias website1.com
                 alias www.website1.com
         port XX namevhost mydomain.ddns.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/website2.com.conf:1)
                 alias www.wesbiste2.com
                 alias wesbiste2.com
ServerRoot: "/etc/apache2"
Main DocumentRoot: "/var/www/html"
Main ErrorLog: "/var/log/apache2/error.log"
Mutex watchdog-callback: using_defaults
Mutex rewrite-map: using_defaults
Mutex default: dir="/var/run/apache2/" mechanism=default 
Mutex mpm-accept: using_defaults
PidFile: "/var/run/apache2/apache2.pid"
Define: DUMP_VHOSTS
Define: DUMP_RUN_CFG
Define: MODSEC_2.5
Define: MODSEC_2.9
User: name="www-data" id=33
Group: name="www-data" id=33

這是我的ports.conf

$ sudo cat ports.conf 
# If you just change the port or add more ports here, you will likely also
# have to change the VirtualHost statement in
# /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

Listen 0.0.0.0:XX

<IfModule ssl_module>
    Listen 443
</IfModule>

<IfModule mod_gnutls.c>
    Listen 443
</IfModule>

# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

這/etc/apache2/sites-enables/website1.conf


<VirtualHost *:XX>
        # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
        # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
        # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
        # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
        # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
        # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
        # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
        #ServerName www.example.com

        ServerAdmin [email protected]
        ServerName mydomain.ddns.net
        ServerAlias website1.com
        ServerAlias www.website1.com
        DocumentRoot /var/www/website1/public_html

        # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
        # error, crit, alert, emerg.
        # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
        # modules, e.g.
        #LogLevel info ssl:warn

        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

        # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
        # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
        # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
        # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
        # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
        #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
</VirtualHost>

# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

還有那個/etc/apache2/sites-enables/website2.conf

<VirtualHost *:XX>
        # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
        # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
        # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
        # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
        # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
        # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
        # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
        #ServerName www.example.com

        ServerAdmin [email protected]
        ServerName mydomain.ddns.net
        ServerAlias www.website2.com
        ServerAlias website2.com
        DocumentRoot /var/www/website2/public_html

        # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
        # error, crit, alert, emerg.
        # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
        # modules, e.g.
        #LogLevel info ssl:warn

        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

        # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
        # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
        # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
        # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
        # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
        #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
</VirtualHost>

# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

我已經使用 NoIP (mydomain.ddns.net) 設定了動態 DNS，它透過我的路由器進行更新

什麼有效，什麼無效

  • SSH 工作正常，我可以在家庭網路內和外部連接到我的樹莓派 - 當我透過連接埠檢查工具檢查 YY 門是否打開時，我得到了積極的回應

  • HTTP 的問題更大：儘管門被關閉（至少根據連接埠檢查器），我可以看到 website1 （這是 apache 的預設伺服器）

    • 內部IP位址：192.168.1.100:XX
    • 公共IP位址：{my-public-ip}：XX
    • 動態 dns 主機名稱 mydomain.ddns.net

但是，由於這樣我只能存取 website1，而不能存取 website2，因此我嘗試停用 website1 ( sudo a2dissite website1.com.conf) 並重新啟動 apache ( sudo systemctl restart apache2)

$ sudo apache2ctl -S
VirtualHost configuration:
*:XX                 mydomain.ddns.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/website2.com.conf:1)
ServerRoot: "/etc/apache2"
Main DocumentRoot: "/var/www/html"
Main ErrorLog: "/var/log/apache2/error.log"
Mutex watchdog-callback: using_defaults
Mutex rewrite-map: using_defaults
Mutex default: dir="/var/run/apache2/" mechanism=default 
Mutex mpm-accept: using_defaults
PidFile: "/var/run/apache2/apache2.pid"
Define: DUMP_VHOSTS
Define: DUMP_RUN_CFG
Define: MODSEC_2.5
Define: MODSEC_2.9
User: name="www-data" id=33
Group: name="www-data" id=33

但是，我仍然無法從內部或公用 IP 或 DDNS 主機名稱存取 website2。

更改 WordPress 網址

我認為這可能與 WordPress 有關，事實上我發現本文並按照說明[直接在資料庫中更改 URL][2]。事實上，「home」和「url」值等於我的舊公共靜態 IP，因此我將其變更為我的 DDNS (myhostname.ddns.net)。但該網站仍然無法訪問

僅供參考，我的首要任務是能夠存取網站2並查看其內容，無論是透過內部還是外部 IP，還是 DDNS hostnmae。

答案1

所以我想我明白了......也許......問題可能在於你測試這個的方式。在您用於測試的電腦（不是 RPi）上，編輯您的主機文件，將 www.website1.com 和 www.website2.com 指向您的 RPi 的內部 IP 位址（當您位於同一網路時）。

主機檔案說明： https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/27350/beginner-geek-how-to-edit-your-hosts-file/

然後將瀏覽器指向 www.website1.com，然後指向 www.website2.com。

如果有效，請變更您的主機檔案以將這些網站指向您的外部 IP 位址。

說明：Web 瀏覽器和 Web 伺服器之間的部分握手包括您要造訪的網站。這允許在同一網站伺服器上託管多個網站。由於您的 Apache 設定將別名指定為 www.website1.com 和 www.website2.com，但您要求提供您的 IP 位址的網站。 Apache 回應 www.website1.com，因為它被設定為您的預設網站。

答案2

最後是路由器設定：傳入連接埠（WAN 連接埠）應設定為 80，內部連接埠（LAN 連接埠）應設定為路由器正在偵聽的任何連接埠。

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