如何跳過 FOR 迴圈中的一個迴圈?

如何跳過 FOR 迴圈中的一個迴圈?

我正在運行批次腳本來處理一些文件。當它確定當前文件不需要處理時,我想跳過該文件的其餘命令並直接移至下一個。如何?Goto :EOF並且exit /b都退出整個腳本。

這是腳本。它需要一個目錄並重新命名所有檔案以包含父目錄名稱中的所有單字(檔案名稱中已包含的單字除外)。

@echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion

rem set input directory (add check for validity)
set "inputDir=%~1"
set "confirmation=false"

:proceed
for /r "%inputDir%" %%F in (*.*) do (
    rem use path to file as keywords
    set "words=%%~pF"
    rem replace known useless marks with spaces
    set "words=!words:\= !"
    set "words=!words:_= !"
    set "words=!words:,= !"
    set "words=!words:  = !"
    rem remove known useless words
    set "words=!words: The = !"
    set "words=!words: A = !"
    set "words=!words: An = !"
    set "words=!words: Video = !"
    set "words=!words: New Folder = !"
    rem remove word that already exists in the filename
    for %%W in (!words!) do echo %%~nF | find /i "%%W" >nul && set "words=!words: %%W = !"
    rem replace leading and trailing spaces with brackets
    set "words=[!words:~1,-1!]"
    rem if all words already included end task for current file
    if "!words!"=="[]" exit /b
    rem build the new filename
    set "newName=%%~nF !words!%%~xF"
    rem fix "] [" caused by repeated renaming, causes fusion with non-related bracketed sets, which is fine
    set "newName=!newName:] [= !"
    rem task for displaying the name change for confirmation
    if /i not "%confirmation%"=="yes" echo old "%%F" && echo new "!newName!"
    rem task for doing the actual rename if confirmed
     if /i "%confirmation%"=="yes" echo ren "%%~nxF" "!newName!" & echo ren "%%F" "!newName!"
)

rem fails to rename files with ! mark in the filename. no other trouble, just won't rename those. error: the syntax of the command is incorrect

rem if coming from second (completed) run then exit
if /i "%confirmation%"=="yes" exit /b
rem ask for confirmation to run again for real
set /p confirmation="confirm you want to perform all these rename tasks (type yes or no)?: "
if /i not "%confirmation%"=="yes" echo confirmation denied
if /i "%confirmation%"=="yes" goto proceed

endlocal

我也在嘗試一種有條件地運行最後命令的替代方法,如下所示

@echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion

rem set input directory (add check for validity)
set "inputDir=%~1"
set "confirmation=false"

:proceed
for /r "%inputDir%" %%F in (*.*) do (
    rem use path to file as keywords
    set "words=%%~pF"
    rem replace known useless marks with spaces
    set "words=!words:\= !"
    set "words=!words:_= !"
    set "words=!words:,= !"
    set "words=!words:  = !"
    rem remove known useless words
    set "words=!words: The = !"
    set "words=!words: A = !"
    set "words=!words: An = !"
    set "words=!words: Video = !"
    set "words=!words: New Folder = !"
    rem remove word that already exists in the filename
    for %%W in (!words!) do echo %%~nF | find /i "%%W" >nul && set "words=!words: %%W = !"
    rem replace leading and trailing spaces with brackets
    set "words=[!words:~1,-1!]"
    rem if all words not already included in the filename do
    if not "!words!"=="[]" (
        rem build the new filename
        set "newName=%%~nF !words!%%~xF"
        rem fix "] [" caused by repeated renaming, causes fusion with non-related bracketed sets, which is fine
        set "newName=!newName:] [= !"
        rem task for displaying the name change for confirmation
        if /i not "%confirmation%"=="yes" echo old "%%F" && echo new "!newName!"
        rem task for doing the actual rename if confirmed
        if /i "%confirmation%"=="yes" echo ren "%%~nxF" "!newName!" & echo ren "%%F" "!newName!"
    )
)

rem fails to rename files with ! mark in the filename. no other trouble, just won't rename those. error: the syntax of the command is incorrect

rem if coming from second (completed) run then exit
if /i "%confirmation%"=="yes" exit /b
rem ask for confirmation to run again for real
set /p confirmation="confirm you want to perform all these rename tasks (type yes or no)?: "
if /i not "%confirmation%"=="yes" echo confirmation denied
if /i "%confirmation%"=="yes" goto proceed

endlocal

但這是一場災難,導致檔案名稱被從檔案名稱中看似隨機的部分中刪除並words添加了。

答案1

只需放置一個標籤:nextiteration(或您喜歡的任何其他名稱)作為 for 循環體內的最後一個語句,並goto在您決定可以跳過 for 循環體的其餘部分時放置到該標籤。

因為 FOR 主體上的右括號前面必須有一個常規語句(標籤不行),所以您必須在標籤和右括號之間放置一個虛擬語句(如 REM)。

FOR xxxxxxxxx DO (
  some statements (executed on each iteration)
  IF {some condition is met} GOTO nextiteration
  statements that will be skipped if conditon is met
:nextiteration
  REM to prevent syntax error
)

答案2

Windows 批次處理沒有太多用於跳過循環迭代的選項。您可以使用的方法有:

  • 在您想要跳過的循環部分放置一個 IF 區塊:

    @Echo Off
    if A equ A (
      IF B==C (
        Echo shouldn't go here
      )
    )
    
  • 用於call呼叫包含整個內部循環的例程,其中exit/B將起作用:

     @Echo Off
     Setlocal 
     For %%A in (alpha beta gamma) DO (
       Echo Outer loop %%A
       Call :inner 
     )
     Goto :eof
    
     :inner
     For %%B in (U V W X Y Z) DO (
       if %%B==X ( exit /b 2 )
       Echo    Inner loop    Outer=%%A Inner=%%B
     )
    
  • 使用命令goto :Label並將其放在Label: 循環的末尾。由於已知的錯誤,這可能不適用於您的情況:在括號內使用 GOTO(包括 FOR 和 IF 命令)會破壞它。
    顯示錯誤的範例:

    @Echo Off
    if A equ A (
      IF B==C GOTO specialcase 
        Echo shouldn't go here
        goto:eof 
    :specialcase
    )
    

參考 :

答案3

嘗試使用For /F...... | findstr /c:"string1" /c:"string2"...

使用允許您過濾字串的循環,從而更好地控制生成的 interrese 檔案名稱的操作,這使得您可以更輕鬆地進行交互以重命名它們,而無需嘗試跳過循環,因為它變得更加精確:

@echo off & setlocal

2>nul cd /d "%~1" || exit 

setlocal enabledelayedexpansion

for %%G in =;( 
     "_",",","  "," The "," A "," An "," Video "," New Folder " 
    );= do if not defined _str2find =;( set "_str2find=/c:"%%~G""
        );= else call set "_str2find=!_str2find! /c:"%%~G""

setlocal disabledelayedexpansion

for /f usebackq^delims^= %%G in (`
    2^>nul where /r . *.* ^| findstr %_str2find% `);= do =;( 
      echo/%%~G 
      :: So you don't need to use skip, the rest of your 
      :: interactions continue here and within your loop 
     );=

endlocal 

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