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使用sed刪除匹配關鍵字前面的字符

tag-icon • tag-icon shell awk sed
使用sed刪除匹配關鍵字前面的字符

我有一個如下所示的文字。

<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.1.0.RDZCUAJ DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.2.0.VWZMXQE DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.3.0.GSVZQKE DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.4.0.UIUVAZD DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.5.0.ELBXBGB DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>

我需要刪除前面的8個字符DOWNLOAD</DIV>，最終看起來像這樣。

<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.1.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.2.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.3.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.4.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.5.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>

是否可以使用 sed 或 awk 指令來完成此操作？

提前感謝任何幫助！

答案1

一個非常簡單的方法如下：

$ sed 's,.........DOWNLOAD</DIV>, DOWNLOAD</DIV>,g' input.txt
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.1.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.2.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.3.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.4.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.5.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>

將前面的9個字元替換DOWNLOAD</DIV>為DOWNLOAD</DIV>

答案2

對於必須啟用 ERE 的 sed -E（例如 GNU sed 和 BSD/OSX sed）：

sed -E 's:.{8}( DOWNLOAD</DIV>):\1:' file

否則對於任何 POSIX sed：

sed 's:.\{8\}\( DOWNLOAD</DIV>\):\1:' file

例如

$ sed -E 's:.{8}( DOWNLOAD</DIV>):\1:' file
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.1.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.2.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.3.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.4.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.5.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>


$ sed 's:.\{8\}\( DOWNLOAD</DIV>\):\1:' file
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.1.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.2.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.3.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.4.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.5.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>

答案3

你可以試試這個：

sed 's#SOFTWARE \(.*\)\.[A-Z]\{7\} DOWNLOAD#SOFTWARE \1 DOWNLOAD#' file

答案4

使用 Raku（née Perl6）

~$ raku -pe 's/ <(. ** 8)> <?before " DOWNLOAD</DIV>" $$ >  //;' download.txt
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.1.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.2.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.3.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.4.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>SOFTWARE V1.0.5.0 DOWNLOAD</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>
<DIV>...</DIV>

上面的程式碼將-pe自動列印標誌與s///替換運算子結合使用。在運算符的左半部內，s///使用零寬度先行斷言來尋找DOWNLOAD</DIV>結束標記，並且前​​面的 8 個字元被<(. ** 8)>程式碼精確捕獲（並刪除）。

HTH。

https://raku.org
https://docs.raku.org/language/regexes

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