Postfix 2.11.3 版本在過去幾年中運作完美。我升級到3.4.14版本後，伺服器無法再向外部發送電子郵件。
在該mail.err文件中，我找到了以下行：
postfix/smtpd[1043]: fatal: in parameter smtpd_relay_restrictions or smtpd_recipient_restrictions, specify at least one working instance of: reject_unauth_destination, defer_unauth_destination, reject, defer, defer_if_permit or check_relay_domains
之後我將其中的兩個參數配置master.cf為
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=reject_unauth_destination
-o smtpd_relay_restrictions=reject_unauth_destination
在 Postfix 2.11 版本中，這兩個參數都被註解掉了。
配置完成後，訊息mail.err消失了，但我在mail.log文件中發現了另一個錯誤
Jun 3 08:01:22 smtp-out postfix/smtpd[19915]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from localhost[127.0.0.1]: 554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<[127.0.0.1]>
由於我正在使用sender_dependent_relayhost_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport_sender這兩個參數的正確配置是什麼（如果這是問題的話）？
這是我的main.cf文件：
inet_protocols = ipv4
smtpd_banner = Company ESMTP NO UCE/UBE
biff = no
append_dot_mydomain = no
myhostname = smtp-out.company.com
mydomain = company.com
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = smtp-out.local, localhost.dmz.local.dmz.local, localhost, $mydomain, localhost.$mydomain
relayhost = [mail.external-relayserver.com]
relay_domains =
mynetworks = 192.168.10.0/24, 192.168.15.0/24, 127.0.0.0/8, [::1]/128
header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix/regexp/header_checks
message_size_limit = 47185920
recipient_delimiter = +
transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport
undisclosed_recipients_header=
local_recipient_maps =
smtp_tls_security_level=may
smtp_tls_loglevel=1
# relay transport
sender_dependent_relayhost_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport_sender
smtp_sender_dependent_authentication = yes
smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
default_destination_concurrency_limit = 2
default_destination_rate_delay = 1s
master.cf文件：
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=reject_unauth_destination
-o smtpd_relay_restrictions=reject_unauth_destination
pickup unix n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
relay unix - - - - - smtp
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
答案1
您需要指定誰可以透過您的 postfix 伺服器進行中繼前這reject_unauth_destination。
例如，允許您自己的網路透過您的伺服器進行中繼：
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_unauth_destination
或者如果您使用 sasl_authentication：
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated,
reject_unauth_destination
請記住，這些規則是按列出的順序指定的...因此上述規則允許網路上的用戶端無需進行身份驗證即可中繼郵件。來自網路外部的用戶端必須驗證自己的身分。其他人的中繼嘗試都會被拒絕。
順便說一句，對於像您這樣的簡單後綴配置，最好將這些選項放在文件中main.cf，而不是master.cf.