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命令先於環境生效

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命令先於環境生效

是否可以\vspace{-\baselineskip}在環境啟動之前添加一個內部的，例如longtable（或其他環境}以使其生效？MWE沒有效果。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{blindtext}

\begin{document}

\blindtext

\begin{longtable}{ll}
\vspace{-\baselineskip} \\ % this has no effect
                           % why \\ are really needed since caption has them?
\caption{testing table} \\
\hline
aaaa & bbbb \\
cccc & dddd \\
\hline
\end{longtable}

\end{document}

MWE 存在 LOT 中參考混亂的問題。

\documentclass[captions=tableheading]{scrartcl}

\usepackage{blindtext}

\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{tabu,longtable}
%\usepackage{threeparttable} % the package below already loads it
\usepackage[referable]{threeparttablex}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{caption}


\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\chardef\TPT@@@asteriskcatcode=\catcode`*
\catcode`*=11
\expandafter\patchcmd\csname\string\threeparttable\endcsname
    {\TPT@hookin{tabular}}
    {\TPT@hookin{tabular}\TPT@hookin{tabu}} % allow threeparttable with tabu
    {}{}
\catcode`*=\TPT@@@asteriskcatcode
\makeatother

\makeatletter % fix referencing of LOT while using longtabu
    \newcounter{dummy}
    \newcommand{\setdummy}{\refstepcounter{dummy} \\}
    \let\oldlongtabu\longtabu\def\dummytabu{\vspace{-\baselineskip}\oldlongtabu} % correct the \\ in \setdummy
    \def\enddummytabu{\endlongtabu}
    \def\dummycap{\setdummy\caption}
\makeatother



\begin{document}

\listoftables

\bigskip

\blindtext

% LOT reference does not work
\begin{ThreePartTable}
\begin{TableNotes}
\footnotesize
\item[a] \label{tn:aa} A note
\item[b] Another note
\end{TableNotes}
\begin{longtabu}{ll}
\caption{A long table 1}
\label{tab:test1} \\
\toprule
Column 1 & Column 2 \\
\midrule
\endfirsthead
\toprule
Column 1 & Column 2 \\
\midrule
\endhead
\cmidrule{2-2}
\multicolumn{2}{r}{\textit{continued}}
\endfoot
\bottomrule
\insertTableNotes
\endlastfoot
% the contents of the table
A& B\tnotex{tn:aa} \\
\midrule
%\newpage % just testing page break
C\tnote{b} & D \\
\end{longtabu}
\end{ThreePartTable}

\blindtext

% LOT reference works fine
\begin{ThreePartTable}
\begin{TableNotes}
\footnotesize
\item[a] \label{tn:bb} A note
\item[b] Another note
\end{TableNotes}
\begin{longtable}{ll}
\caption{A long table 2}
\label{tab:test2} \\
\toprule
Column 1 & Column 2 \\
\midrule
\endfirsthead
\toprule
Column 1 & Column 2 \\
\midrule
\endhead
\cmidrule{2-2}
\multicolumn{2}{r}{\textit{continued}}
\endfoot
\bottomrule
\insertTableNotes
\endlastfoot
% the contents of the table
A& B\tnotex{tn:bb} \\
\midrule
%\newpage % just testing page break
C\tnote{b} & D \\
\end{longtable}
\end{ThreePartTable}

\blindtext

% LOT reference works fine (with vskip correction)
\begin{ThreePartTable}
\begin{TableNotes}
\footnotesize
\item[a] \label{tn:cc} A note
\item[b] Another note
\end{TableNotes}
\begin{dummytabu}{ll}
\dummycap{A long table 3}
\label{tab:test3} \\
\toprule
Column 1 & Column 2 \\
\midrule
\endfirsthead
\toprule
Column 1 & Column 2 \\
\midrule
\endhead
\cmidrule{2-2}
\multicolumn{2}{r}{\textit{continued}}
\endfoot
\bottomrule
\insertTableNotes
\endlastfoot
% the contents of the table
A& B\tnotex{tn:cc} \\
\midrule
%\newpage % just testing page break
C\tnote{b} & D \\
\end{dummytabu}
\end{ThreePartTable}

\blindtext

\end{document}

答案1

只需使用

\begin{ThreePartTable}
\begin{TableNotes}
\footnotesize
\item[a] \label{tn:aa} A note
\item[b] Another note
\end{TableNotes}
\begin{longtabu}{ll}
\noalign{\phantomsection}
\caption{A long table 1}
\label{tab:test1} \\
\toprule
...

這些連結似乎有效，並且沒有添加額外的空間。

答案2

longtable在表格之前插入長度\LTpre（預設為\bigskipammount）的 vskip ，以便更改表格之前的垂直空間，使用\setlength或更改此長度\addtolength。\vspace在您顯示的位置中使用將其放在第一行的第一個單元格中，該單元格是一個l條目，因此水平框中的垂直跳過不執行任何操作。所以效果就是添加儘管名義上指定了負跳過，但表格前有一個空白行。

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